AZD7325 [4-amino-8-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)- N -propylcinnoline-3-carboxamide] is a selective GABAA α 2,3 receptor modulator intended for the treatment of anxiety disorders through oral administration. An interesting metabolic cyclization and aromatization pathway led to the tricyclic core of M9, i.e., 2-ethyl-7-(2-fluoro-6-methoxyphenyl)pyrimido[5,4-c]cinnolin-4(3H)-one. Further oxidative metabolism generated M10 via O -demethylation and M42 via hydroxylation. An authentic standard of M9 was synthesized to confirm the novel structure of M9 and that of M10 and M42 by liver microsomal incubation of the M9 standard. Metabolites M9, M10, and M42 were either minor or absent in plasma samples after a single dose; however, all became major metabolites in human and preclinical animal plasma after repeated doses and circulated in humans longer than 48 hours after the end of seven repeated doses. The absence of these long circulating metabolites from selected patients’ plasma samples was used to demonstrate patient noncompliance as the cause of unexpected lack of drug exposure in some patients during a Phase IIb outpatient clinical study. The observation of late-occurring and long-circulating metabolites demonstrates the need to collect plasma samples at steady state after repeated doses when conducting metabolite analysis for the safety testing of drug metabolites. All 12 major nonconjugate metabolites of AZD7325 observed in human plasma at steady state were also observed in dog, rat, and mouse plasma samples collected from 3-month safety studies and at higher exposures in the animals than humans. This eliminated concern about human specific or disproportional metabolites.
AZD7325 [4-
氨基-8-(2-
氟-6-
甲氧基苯基)-N-丙基肉啉-3-甲酰胺]是一种选择性
GABAA α 2,3 受体调节剂,旨在通过口服治疗焦虑症。一个有趣的代谢环化和芳构化途径产生了 M9 的
三环核心,即 2-乙基-7-(2-
氟-6-
甲氧基苯基)
嘧啶基[5,4-c]cinnolin-4(3H)-one。进一步的氧化代谢通过O-去甲基化产生M10,通过羟基化产生
M42。合成了 M9 的真实标准品,通过 M9 标准品的肝微粒体孵育来确认 M9 以及 M10 和
M42 的新结构。单次给药后,血浆样品中代谢物 M9、M10 和
M42 含量很少或不存在;然而,在重复给药后,所有这些都成为人类和临床前动物血浆中的主要代谢物,并在七次重复给药结束后在人体中循环超过48小时。选定患者的血浆样本中不存在这些长循环代谢物,用于证明患者不遵守规定是在 IIb 期门诊临床研究期间一些患者意外缺乏药物暴露的原因。对迟发和长循环代谢物的观察表明,在进行代谢物分析以进行药物代谢物的安全性测试时,需要在重复给药后收集稳态血浆样本。在人血浆中稳定状态下观察到的 AZD7325 的所有 12 种主要非结合代谢物也在从 3 个月的安全性研究中收集的狗、大鼠和小鼠血浆样本中观察到,并且动物中的暴露量高于人类。这消除了对人类特定或不成比例的代谢物的担忧。