X-Ray Diffraction Studies on the Structures of Hydrated Oxonium Ion, and the Chlorocobalt(II) and Tetrachlorocobaltate(II) Complexes in Aqueous Solutions
The structure of hydrated oxoniumion has been determined in a concentrated hydrochloric acid solution by the X-ray diffraction method. The oxoniumion H3O+ combines with four water molecules to form a trigonal pyramid structure in which three water molecules have an H3O+–H2O distance of 2.44 A, while the water molecule at the apex of the pyramid is separated by 2.90 A from the central oxygen atom