无机盐是指一类无机化合物的统称,是人类和动物合理营养所必需的重要营养素之一。它们在食物中大多以结合形式存在,在体液中则常解离为无机盐离子;少数如微量元素,则与蛋白质结合。
根据其在电场中带有的正、负电荷不同,无机盐可分为阳离子和阴离子两大类。其中,Na⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Cl⁻、HCO₃⁻、HPO₄²⁻ 因含量较多,被归为主流无机盐;而 Fe²⁺、Fe³⁺、Cu⁺、Cu²⁺、Mn²⁺、Mn⁴⁺、Co²⁺、Cr³⁺、Cr⁶⁺、Cd²⁺、Zn²⁺ 以及 Br⁻ 和 I⁻ 只以微量存在于体内,被称为微量元素。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | Lithium tantalum oxide (LiTaO3) | 12031-66-2 | LiO3Ta |
| —— | Molybdenum hydroxide oxide phosphate | 12263-13-7 | HMoO2P-6 |
| —— | Cobaltsulfide | 1317-42-6 | CoS |
| —— | Ferric Subsulfate | 1310-45-8 | Fe4H2O22S5 |
| —— | Spinel | 12068-51-8 | Al2MgO4 |
| —— | Rhodium nitrate | 10139-58-9 | Rh(NO3)3 |
| —— | Disilicon carbide | 12070-04-1 | CH4Si2 |
| —— | Tin selenide (SnSe) | 1315-06-6 | H2SeSn |
| —— | Sulfanylidenegermane | 12025-32-0 | GeH2S |
| —— | Tellanylidenestannane | 12040-02-7 | H2SnTe |
| —— | Magnesium pyrophosphate | 13446-24-7 | Mg2O7P2 |
| —— | Einecs 248-679-4 | 27821-54-1 | C10H17N2Na3O14P3+3 |
| —— | Nitric acid;praseodymium | 104333-83-7 | H3N3O9Pr |
| —— | Lanthanum carbonate hydrate | 54451-24-0 | C3H2La2O10 |
| —— | Calcium hydride | 57308-10-8 | CaH2 |
| —— | Silver carbonate | 534-16-7 | CAg2O3 |
| —— | Platinum dinitrate | 18496-40-7 | N2O6Pt |
| —— | Nickel diperchlorate hexahydrate | 13520-61-1 | C6H24Cl2NiO8 |
| —— | Manganese monoselenide | 1313-22-0 | MnSe |
| —— | Disodium disilicate | 13870-28-5 | Na2O5Si2 |
| —— | Rhenium triiodide | 12358-90-6 | I3Re-3 |
| —— | Iridium(IV) tetraiodide | 7790-45-6 | I4Ir-4 |
| —— | Einecs 234-379-0 | 1314-15-4 | O2Pt |
| —— | ZINC selenide [MI] | 1315-09-9 | SeZn-2 |
| —— | Copper selenide (CuSe) | 1317-41-5 | CuSe |
| —— | Palladous oxide | 1314-08-5 | OPd |
| —— | Strontia | 1314-11-0 | OSr |
| —— | Einecs 215-258-1 | 1315-07-7 | SeSr |
| —— | Iron ammonium oxalate | 55488-87-4 | C2H5FeNO4+3 |
| —— | Lead silicon fluoride (PbSiF6) | 25808-74-6 | F6PbSi |
| —— | Ammonium molybdate | 13106-76-8 | [NH4]2MoO4 |
| —— | Cobaltous sulfate heptahydrate | 10026-24-1 | CoH14O11S |
| —— | Sodium metasilicate nonahydrate | 13517-24-3 | H18Na2O12Si |
| —— | Potassium dithionite | 14293-73-3 | K2S2O4 |
| —— | Nickel fluoroborate | 14708-14-6 | B2F8Ni |
| —— | Ytterbium nitrate | 13768-67-7 | N3O9Yb |
| —— | Magnesium bromate | 14519-17-6 | Mg(BrO3)2 |
| —— | Potassium stannate | 12142-33-5 | K2O3Sn |
| —— | Potassium tetrathionate | 13932-13-3 | K2O6S4 |
| —— | Rubidium chromate | 13446-72-5 | CrO4Rb2 |
| —— | Manganese nitrate | 10377-66-9 | Mn(NO3)2 |
| —— | Calcium bromate | 10102-75-7 | Ca(BrO3)2 |
| —— | Silicic acid (H2SiO3), disodium salt, pentahydrate | 10213-79-3 | H10Na2O8Si |
| —— | Nitryl tetrafluoroborate | 13826-86-3 | BF4HNO2- |
| —— | Zirconium sulfate | 14644-61-2 | O8S2Zr |
| —— | calcium silicate | 13983-17-0 | Ca*O3Si |
| —— | Barium chlorate | 13477-00-4 | BaCl2O6 |
| —— | Ammonium sulfide | 12135-76-1 | [NH4]2S |
| —— | Ferric nitrate | 10421-48-4 | Fe(NO3)3 |
| —— | Tungsten monocarbide | 12070-12-1 | CW- |