肼或肼的衍生物是一类重要的有机化合物,在多种化学和生物学应用中发挥重要作用。肼(H₂NNH₂)本身是一种无色透明液体,具有强烈的氨气味,并且有毒性。它属于多用途化学品,在有机合成、药物化学以及某些工业过程中被广泛使用。
肼的有机衍生物羟基肼类化合物:这类化合物包含一个或多个羟基(-OH)取代在肼结构中的氮原子上,如二羟基肼(H₂N-OH-NH₂)。它们具有良好的亲水性,并且可以在多种化学反应中作为中间体。
烷氧基肼类化合物:这种衍生物含有一个或多个烷氧基(-O-烷基)取代在氮原子上,如二甲氧基肼(CH₃O-NH₂)。这些化合物由于其独特的官能团,常被用作有机合成中的偶联剂和反应中间体。
酰基肼类化合物:这类衍生物包含一个或多个羰基(-CO-)通过酰胺键连接到氮原子上。例如,丙烯酸肼是重要的聚合物单体之一,在制造纤维、涂料等领域具有应用价值。
其他衍生化形式:除了上述几种常见形式外,还有多种其它类型的衍生物,包括但不限于芳香族肼类化合物等。这些化合物通过不同方式引入不同的官能团,如卤素(Cl, Br)、氰基(-CN)等,用以满足特定的化学反应需求或药物设计需要。
在生物医药领域中,一些特定的肼衍生物被研究用于治疗目的。例如,某些含有特定结构的肼类化合物具有作为抗癌剂、抗炎药或是其他疾病治疗药物的潜力。此外,在神经科学的研究中,它们还用作标记和成像工具以观察脑内胺类物质的变化情况。
结论总的来说,肼及其衍生物因其独特的化学性质在有机合成、医药开发等多个领域展现出广阔的应用前景。不过需要注意的是,由于肼本身的毒性以及某些衍生物的潜在危险性,在处理这些化合物时必须采取适当的安全措施和防护手段。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2-硝基苯肼 | (2-nitrophenyl)hydrazine | 3034-19-3 | C6H7N3O2 |
|
2-甲基喹啉-6-碳酰肼 | 2-Methylquinoline-6-carbohydrazide | 427891-96-1 | C11H11N3O |
|
2-甲基喹啉-4-羧酸肼 | 2-methylquinoline-4-carboxylic hydrazide | 29620-66-4 | C11H11N3O |
|
2-甲基-4-噻唑碳酰肼 | 2-methylthiazole-4-carbohydrazide | 101767-28-6 | C5H7N3OS |
|
2-环丙基喹啉-4-碳酰肼 | 2-Cyclopropyl-4-hydrazidoquinoline | 119778-68-6 | C13H13N3O |
|
2-溴苯肼盐酸盐 | 2-bromophenyl-hydrazine hydrochloride | 50709-33-6 | C6H8BrN2*Cl |
|
2-溴苯肼 | 2-bromophenylhydrazine | 16732-66-4 | C6H7BrN2 |
|
2-溴苯甲酰肼 | 2-bromobenzohydrazide | 29418-67-5 | C7H7BrN2O |
|
2-溴苄基肼 | 2-bromobenzylhydrazine | 51421-27-3 | C7H9BrN2 |
|
2-溴异烟酰肼 | 2-bromoisonicotinic acid hydrazide | 29849-15-8 | C6H6BrN3O |
|
2-溴-5-肼基吡嗪 | 2-bromo-5-hydrazinylpyrazine | 1001050-24-3 | C4H5BrN4 |
|
2-氰基乙基肼 | 3-hydrazinylpropanenitrile | 353-07-1 | C3H7N3 |
|
2-氯苯肼盐酸盐 | o-chlorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride | 41052-75-9 | C6H8ClN2*Cl |
|
2-氯苯甲酰肼 | 2-chlorobenzoylhydrazide | 5814-05-1 | C7H7ClN2O |
|
2-氯-4-甲基苯肼盐酸盐 | (2-chloro-4-methylphenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride | 227958-97-6 | C7H9ClN2*ClH |
|
2-氧代-4-苯基-1-吡咯烷乙酸酰肼 | 2-Oxo-4-phenylpyrrolidine-1-acetic acid hydrazide | 77472-71-0 | C12H15N3O2 |
|
2-氟苯肼盐酸盐 | 2-fluorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride | 2924-15-4 | C6H7FN2*ClH |
|
2-氟苄基肼 | (2-fluorobenzyl)hydrazine | 51859-98-4 | C7H9FN2 |
|
2-噻吩-2-喹啉-4-羧酸肼 | 2-(thiophen-2-yl)quinoline-4-carbohydrazide | 39072-28-1 | C14H11N3OS |
|
2-吡啶-4-喹啉-4-羧酸肼 | 2-pyridin-4-yl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide | 5206-34-8 | C15H12N4O |
|
2-吡啶-2-基喹啉-4-卡巴肼 | 2-pyridin-2-yl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide | 5109-96-6 | C15H12N4O |
|
2-[(4-肼基苯基)磺酰基]-乙醇 | Ethanol, 2-[(4-hydrazinophenyl)sulfonyl]- | 26505-12-4 | C8H12N2O3S |
|
2-[(1S,2S)-1-乙基-2-苄氧基丙基]肼甲醛 | N’-[(1S,2S)-2-(benzyloxy)-1-ethylpropyl]formic hydrazide | 170985-85-0 | C13H20N2O2 |
|
2-(四氢吡喃-4-基)肼基甲酸叔丁酯 | tert-butyl 2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)hydrazine-1-carboxylate | 693287-79-5 | C10H20N2O3 |
|
2-(喹啉-4-基硫代)乙酰肼 | (Quinolin-4-ylsulfanyl)-acetic acid hydrazide | 885278-19-3 | C11H11N3OS |
|
2-(三氟甲基)苯基肼 | 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine | 365-34-4 | C7H7F3N2 |
|
2-(4-甲氧基苯基)乙酰肼 | 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid hydrazide | 57676-49-0 | C9H12N2O2 |
|
2-(3-吡啶基)喹啉-4-卡巴肼 | 2-pyridin-3-yl-quinoline-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide | 5109-97-7 | C15H12N4O |
|
2-(2-萘基氨基)丙二酸二酰肼 | (2-naphthalenylamino)-propanedioic acid dihydrazide | 866526-53-6 | C13H15N5O2 |
|
2-(2-氧代吡咯烷-1-基)乙酰肼 | 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetohydrazide | 59776-89-5 | C6H11N3O2 |
|
2-(2-乙酰肼基)-7-氯-5-苯基-2H-1,4-苯并二氮杂卓 | 7-chloro-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-benzo[<i>e</i>][1,4]diazepin-2-one acetylhydrazone | 28910-89-6 | C17H15ClN4O |
|
2-(1-甲基肼基)-4,5-二氢-1H-咪唑氢溴化物 | 2-(N-methyl)hydrazino-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole hydrobromide | 55959-80-3 | BrH*C4H10N4 |
|
2-(1-甲基肼)- 嘧啶 | 1-methyl-1-pyrimidin-2-yl-hydrazine | 435337-82-9 | C5H8N4 |
|
2,8-二甲基-4-肼基喹啉 | 4-hydrazino-2,8-dimethylquinoline | 49612-06-8 | C11H13N3 |
|
2,6-二氯苯肼盐酸盐 | (2,6-dichlorophenyl)hydrazine monohydrochloride | 76195-83-0 | C6H6Cl2N2*ClH |
|
2,6-二氯-3-硝基苯肼 | 2,6-dichloro-3-nitrobenzonitrile | 5866-98-8 | C7H2Cl2N2O2 |
|
2,5-双(辛氧基)对苯二甲酰肼 | 2,5-dioctyloxyterephthalic dihydrazide | 215324-12-2 | C24H42N4O4 |
|
2,5-双(己氧基)对苯二甲酰肼 | 2,5-bis(hexyloxy)terephthalohydrazide | 460732-38-1 | C20H34N4O4 |
|
2,5-二甲氧基苯酰肼 | 2,5-dimethoxybenzohydrazide | 17894-25-6 | C9H12N2O3 |
|
2,5-二甲氧基对苯二甲酰肼 | 2,5-dimethoxyterephthalohydrazide | 114503-42-3 | C10H14N4O4 |
|
2,5-二甲基苯肼盐酸盐 | 2,5-dimethylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride | 56737-78-1 | C8H12N2*ClH |
|
2,5-二甲基-2H-吡唑-3-羧酸肼 | 2,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid hydrazide | 89187-40-6 | C6H10N4O |
|
2,5-二氯苯肼盐酸盐 | 1-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride | 50709-35-8 | C6H6Cl2N2*ClH |
|
2,5-二氯苯肼 | (2,5-dichlorophenyl)hydrazine | 305-15-7 | C6H6Cl2N2 |
|
2,5-二氟苯肼 | (2,5-difluorophenyl)hydrazine | 97108-50-4 | C6H6F2N2 |
|
2,5-二(4-吡啶基)-1,3,4-?二唑 | 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole | 15420-02-7 | C12H8N4O |
|
2,4-二硝基苯肼磷酸 | 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydraziniumphosphat | 125038-14-4 | C6H6N4O4*H3O4P |
|
2,4-二硝基苯肼盐酸盐 | 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine hydrochloride | 55907-61-4 | C6H7N4O4*Cl |
|
2,4-二甲基苯肼盐酸盐 | (2,4-dimethylphenyl)hydrazine hydrochloride | 60480-83-3 | C8H12N2*ClH |
|
2,4-二氯苯肼盐酸盐 | 2,4-dichlorophenyl hydrazine hydrochloride | 5446-18-4 | C6H6Cl2N2*ClH |
|