Stereochemistry in the Ene Reactions of Singlet Oxygen and Triazolinediones with Allylic Alcohols. A Mechanistic Comparison
摘要:
The ene reaction of singlet oxygen with (Z)-4-methylpent-3-en-2-ol-2,5,5,5-d(4) (1-OH-d4) in nonpolar solvents exhibits a 90% three diastereoselectivity in the adduct derived from the major syn perepoxide intermediate, but also a moderate three diastereoselectivity in the adduct derived from the minor anti perepoxide. Photooxygenation of 2,4-dimethylpent-3-en-2-ol (2) exhibits a significant solvent dependence in the syn/anti methyl stereoselectivity, with nonpolar solvents promoting syn methyl reactivity, while polar solvents promote anti methyl reactivity. These results are in agreement with a steering effect between hydroxyl and singlet oxygen in the rate-determining step of the reaction. N-Phenyltriazolinedione addition to the chiral allylic alcohol 4-methylpent-3-en-2-ol (1-OH) is highly three diastereoselective in nonpolar solvents, with a solvent dependent variation in the threo/erythro ene products. On the other hand, the nonfunctionalized chiral alkene 2,4-dimethyl-2-hexene (1-Et) exhibits poor diastereoselectivity. Reaction of PTAD with 1-OH-d4 in nonpolar solvents, exhibits a significant three diastereoselectivity from the syn aziridinium imide intermediate, and a moderate three diastereoselectivity from the anti intermediate. These results are consonant with a steering effect between the hydroxyl and the electrophile, as proposed in the case of singlet oxygen addition to allylic alcohols 1-OH and 2. In contrast to the analogous O-1(2) ene reaction, a solvent independent ratio syn/anti similar to 50/50 was found in the addition of MTAD to 2. The intermolecular kinetic isotope effect in the reaction of 2 with MTAD (k(H)/k(D) = 1.15 +/- 0.02), is consistent with formation of the intermediate in fast step, indicative that the steering effect during the formation of aziridium imide is not important in the reaction kinetics. This energetic profile is in contrast to triazolinedione addition to the secondary allylic alcohol 1-OH, where the high three selectivity and the slight inverse kinetic isotope effect of k(H)/k(D) = 0.98 +/- 0.02 are consonant with the formation of the intermediate in the rate-determining step. An explanation for the increased reactivity of the syn methyl in the addition of MTAD to 2 (similar to 50%) is offered.
Stereochemistry in the Ene Reactions of Singlet Oxygen and Triazolinediones with Allylic Alcohols. A Mechanistic Comparison
摘要:
The ene reaction of singlet oxygen with (Z)-4-methylpent-3-en-2-ol-2,5,5,5-d(4) (1-OH-d4) in nonpolar solvents exhibits a 90% three diastereoselectivity in the adduct derived from the major syn perepoxide intermediate, but also a moderate three diastereoselectivity in the adduct derived from the minor anti perepoxide. Photooxygenation of 2,4-dimethylpent-3-en-2-ol (2) exhibits a significant solvent dependence in the syn/anti methyl stereoselectivity, with nonpolar solvents promoting syn methyl reactivity, while polar solvents promote anti methyl reactivity. These results are in agreement with a steering effect between hydroxyl and singlet oxygen in the rate-determining step of the reaction. N-Phenyltriazolinedione addition to the chiral allylic alcohol 4-methylpent-3-en-2-ol (1-OH) is highly three diastereoselective in nonpolar solvents, with a solvent dependent variation in the threo/erythro ene products. On the other hand, the nonfunctionalized chiral alkene 2,4-dimethyl-2-hexene (1-Et) exhibits poor diastereoselectivity. Reaction of PTAD with 1-OH-d4 in nonpolar solvents, exhibits a significant three diastereoselectivity from the syn aziridinium imide intermediate, and a moderate three diastereoselectivity from the anti intermediate. These results are consonant with a steering effect between the hydroxyl and the electrophile, as proposed in the case of singlet oxygen addition to allylic alcohols 1-OH and 2. In contrast to the analogous O-1(2) ene reaction, a solvent independent ratio syn/anti similar to 50/50 was found in the addition of MTAD to 2. The intermolecular kinetic isotope effect in the reaction of 2 with MTAD (k(H)/k(D) = 1.15 +/- 0.02), is consistent with formation of the intermediate in fast step, indicative that the steering effect during the formation of aziridium imide is not important in the reaction kinetics. This energetic profile is in contrast to triazolinedione addition to the secondary allylic alcohol 1-OH, where the high three selectivity and the slight inverse kinetic isotope effect of k(H)/k(D) = 0.98 +/- 0.02 are consonant with the formation of the intermediate in the rate-determining step. An explanation for the increased reactivity of the syn methyl in the addition of MTAD to 2 (similar to 50%) is offered.
A general method of synthesis of functionalized Z-vinylic tellurides starting from β-dicarbonyl compounds
作者:Rafael E Barrientos-Astigarraga、Priscila Castelani、Celso Y Sumida、Julio Zukerman-Schpector、João V Comasseto
DOI:10.1016/s0040-4020(01)01204-2
日期:2002.2
Z-Vinylic tellurides are prepared by stereoselective vinylic substitution on Z/E mixtures of enolphosphates, acetates, tosylates and triflates by organotellurolates. The reaction is sensitive to the nature of the organotellurolate; the aromatic derivatives react slower than the aliphatic ones. The reaction time is not influenced by the nature of the leaving group.
Vinylictellurides are precursors of important highly reactive vinylic organometallics (e.g. vinyl Li and Cu species). Herein we report that tri- and tetrasubstituted functionalized vinylictellurides can be prepared from enolphosphates through a vinylic substitution by lithium butyltellurolate. Starting from mixtures of Z- and E-enolphosphates, only the Z-vinylic telluride is formed.
Diastereoselective synthesis of α,β-unsaturated systems
作者:Priscila Castelani、João V. Comasseto
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2005.01.025
日期:2005.2
Functionalized Z-vinylic tellurides were used in substitution reactions with lower order cyanocuprates leading to alpha, beta-unsaturated ketones and esters in good yields. In the case of acyclic tellurides, the product was obtained in high diastereoselectivity. The control of the stereoselectivity was achieved by simple change of the reaction temperature. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Über die Darstellung von Enol-phosphaten und Enol-phosphinaten aus Carbonylverbindungen
作者:N. Kreutzkamp、J. Pluhatsch、H. Schindler
DOI:10.1002/ardp.19602931005
日期:——
Kabachnik,M.I. et al., Journal of general chemistry of the USSR, 1960, vol. 30, p. 2201 - 2205