Barium Cation | 22541-12-4

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 均相金属化合物 - 均相碱土金属化合物
• 英文名称: Barium Cation
• 英文别名: barium(2+)
• CAS: 22541-12-4
• 化学式: Ba+2
• 分子量: 137.33
• InChiKey: XDFCIPNJCBUZJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -0.38
• 重原子数：
  1
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

代谢

硫酸钡是一种不溶于水和酸的白色沉淀物，常用于医疗成像，特别是在X射线检查中作为对比剂。它也被用于其他领域，如石油工业中的钻井泥浆，以及作为填料或添加剂在各种产品中。硫酸钡的使用必须小心，因为它可以通过摄入或吸入进入人体，尽管它不被代谢，但可以在体内分布并最终通过尿液和粪便排出。在医疗成像中，硫酸钡被用于增强对比度，使得X射线能够更清晰地显示消化道的内部结构。

Barium compounds are absorbed via ingestion and inhalation. Barium is principally found in the bone, while small amounts exists in the muscle, adipose tissue, skin, and connective tissue. Barium is not metabolized, but may be transported and incorporated into complexes or tissues. Barium is excreted in the urine and faeces. (L214)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

钡是一种竞争性的钾通道拮抗剂，它可以阻止细胞内钾离子的被动外流，导致钾离子从细胞外向细胞内转移。细胞内钾离子的转移导致静息膜电位的降低，使得肌肉纤维在电学上不可兴奋，从而引起瘫痪。

Barium is a competitive potassium channel antagonist that blocks the passive efflux of intracellular potassium, resulting in a shift of potassium from extracellular to intracellular compartments. The intracellular translocation of potassium results in a decreased resting membrane potential, making the muscle fibers electrically unexcitable and causing paralysis. (L214)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

对人类不具有致癌性（未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名）。

No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

不同钡化合物的健康影响取决于化合物在水中或胃内容物中的溶解程度。在低剂量时，钡作为一种肌肉刺激剂，而更高的剂量则影响神经系统，导致心脏不规律、震颤、无力、焦虑、呼吸困难、麻痹甚至可能死亡。钡还可能引起胃肠不适，损害肾脏并导致体重下降。

The health effects of the different barium compounds depend on how well the compound dissolves in water or the stomach contents. At low doses, barium acts as a muscle stimulant, while higher doses affect the nervous system, causing cardiac irregularities, tremors, weakness, anxiety, dyspnea, paralysisand possibly death. Barium may also cause gastrointestinal disturbances, damage the kidneys and cause decreases in body weight. (L214)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

口服（L214）；吸入（L214）

Oral (L214) ; inhalation (L214)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

摄入过量的钡可能导致呕吐、腹部绞痛、腹泻、呼吸困难、血压升高或降低、面部周围麻木和肌肉无力。高剂量可能引起心脏节律变化或麻痹，甚至可能死亡。

Ingesting excess barium may cause vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, difficulties in breathing, increased or decreased blood pressure, numbness around the face, and muscle weakness. High levels may result in changes in heart rhythm or paralysis and possibly death. (L214)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)