cadmium chloroapatite

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 过渡金属氧阴离子化合物
• 英文名称: cadmium chloroapatite
• 英文别名: cadmium(2+);chloride;phosphate
• 化学式: 5Cd*Cl*3O₄P
• 分子量: 882.417
• InChiKey: BQECCIRRSCKRAH-UHFFFAOYSA-J

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -5.82
• 重原子数：
  7
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  86.2
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  5

反应信息

• 作为产物：
  描述：

  磷酸三甲酯 、 cadmium(II) chloride 以 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 以0%的产率得到cadmium chloroapatite
  参考文献：
  名称：

  在非水介质中用有机磷酸酯合成磷灰石

  摘要：

  摘要在无水极性有机溶剂（如DMSO，苯甲醚，吡啶，冰醋酸，乙醇，甲醇和DMF）中进行钡，镉，钙，铅和锶磷灰石的合成。反应在无水条件下于80至120°C的温度下进行，反应时间为1-6天。在非水溶剂中合成了十个磷灰石，使用磷酸三甲酯作为磷酸盐源获得了三个（PbApF，PbApCl，SrApCl）。非水溶剂的使用减轻了在水溶液中某些二价阳离子发生的磷酸氢盐的形成。甚至碱金属盐在许多溶剂中的有限溶解度也会产生非脂族复盐，例如NaPb4（PO4）3，NaPbPO4，KPb4（PO4）3，Cd（OH）NO3和NaBaPO4。

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.poly.2008.12.039

文献信息

• A Comparative Study of the Synthesis of Calcium, Strontium, Barium, Cadmium, and Lead Apatites in Aqueous Solution
  作者：Natalie J. Flora、Keith W. Hamilton、Richard W. Schaeffer、Claude H. Yoder

  DOI：10.1081/sim-120030437

  日期：2004.3

  The aqueous syntheses of the hydroxy and halo apatites of calcium, strontium, barium, lead, and cadmium were explored. Because these cations represent the main group s- and p-tillers and a transition metal, they present different synthetic challenges. The alkaline earth cations and lead form hydrogen phosphates at slightly acidic and slightly basic conditions, the alkaline earths form the fluorides (MF2) in the preparation of the fluoroapatites with excess fluoride, and ammonia is required for the preparation of the cadmium apatites through decomplexation. A variety of reagents were utilized with most of the derivatives, but, in general, the source of the cation was its nitrate or halide, and the phosphate is best provided as ammonium hydrogen phosphate. The requirements for pH, heating, and reaction time were also explored. A number of literature syntheses for pure phase apatites could not be reproduced: calcium iodoapatite, strontium fluoroapatite, and cadmium hydroxyapatite. Several apatites were prepared for the first time in aqueous solution: barium fluoroapatite, lead bromoapatite, and cadmium chloroapatite. The relative ease of formation of the compounds is rationalized with arguments based upon lattice and hydration energies.
• Phase transitions and thermal expansion of apatite-structured compounds
  作者：N. G. Chernorukov、A. V. Knyazev、E. N. Bulanov

  DOI：10.1134/s002016851101002x

  日期：2011.2

  The phase transitions and thermal expansion of apatite-structured compounds with the general formula M(5)(II)(A(V)O(4))(3)L (M(II) = Ca, Sr, Cd, Ba, Pb; A(V) = P,V; L = F, Cl) have been studied by high-temperature X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. The Pb-containing apatites are shown to undergo phase transitions involving a reduction in unit-cell symmetry from hexagonal to monoclinic. The thermal expansion anisotropy in the hexagonal phases increases in the order Ca < Sr < Ba < Pb < Cd, and the monoclinic phases are less anisotropic but have larger thermal expansion coefficients in comparison with the hexagonal phases.
• ——
  作者：A. Ben Cherifa、M. Jemal

  DOI：10.1023/a:1016115227907

  日期：——

  Calcium cadmium chlorapatites solid solutions with the general formula Ca10-xCdx(PO4)(6)Cl-2, 1 less than or equal to x less than or equal to 10, were prepared by solid state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and chemical analysis. Using an isoperibol calorimeter, their enthalpies of solution in 9 mass% nitric acid were measured. In order to determine the enthalpies of formation and enthalpies of mixing, thermochemical cycles were proposed and complementary experiences were performed. The results obtained show a decrease of the enthalpy of formation with the amount of cadmium introduced in the lattice. The variation of mixing enthalpy vs. x=Cd/(Cd+Ca) shows a maximum at about x=0,4. This could be explained by the existence of two cationic sites in the phosphoapatite structure.
• Model Apatite Systems for the Stabilization of Toxic Metals: II, Cation and Metalloid Substitutions in Chlorapatites
  作者：Jean Y. Kim、Zhili Dong、Timothy J. White

  DOI：10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00136.x

  日期：2005.5

  Environmental chlorapatites, of the form A10(BxC1−xO4)6Cl2, where A=Ca, Cd, or Pb; B/C=P, V, or Cr and 0≤x≤1, were synthesized by solid‐state reactions. Crystal structure variations, primarily lattice parameters, were examined through powder X‐ray diffraction methods, while performance and long‐term durability of these waste form apatites were assessed by a combination of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the American Nuclear Society (ANS) method. As expected, an overall dilation of unit cell edges was observed with increasing ionic substitutions. However, a discontinuity in linearity was often observed, generally forx≥0.5. The correlation of microstructural changes and leach testing shows that lead chlorapatite is found to be more suitable for waste stabilization than calcium and cadmium analogues.
• The synthesis of apatites with an organophosphate and in nonaqueous media
  作者：Mitchell P. Sternlieb、Heather M. Brown、Charles D. Schaeffer、Claude H. Yoder

  DOI：10.1016/j.poly.2008.12.039

  日期：2009.3

  Abstract The syntheses of barium, cadmium, calcium, lead, and strontium apatites were performed in anhydrous polar organic solvents such as DMSO, anisole, pyridine, glacial acetic acid, ethanol, methanol, and DMF. Reactions took place under anhydrous conditions at temperatures ranging from 80 to 120 °C and for durations of 1–6 days. Ten apatites were synthesized in nonaqueous solvents and three (PbApF

  摘要在无水极性有机溶剂（如DMSO，苯甲醚，吡啶，冰醋酸，乙醇，甲醇和DMF）中进行钡，镉，钙，铅和锶磷灰石的合成。反应在无水条件下于80至120°C的温度下进行，反应时间为1-6天。在非水溶剂中合成了十个磷灰石，使用磷酸三甲酯作为磷酸盐源获得了三个（PbApF，PbApCl，SrApCl）。非水溶剂的使用减轻了在水溶液中某些二价阳离子发生的磷酸氢盐的形成。甚至碱金属盐在许多溶剂中的有限溶解度也会产生非脂族复盐，例如NaPb4（PO4）3，NaPbPO4，KPb4（PO4）3，Cd（OH）NO3和NaBaPO4。