Novel Imidazolines as dual inhibitors of MDM2 and MDMX
申请人:Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
公开号:US20140148443A1
公开(公告)日:2014-05-29
Disclosed are compounds of Formula I
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein X
1
, X
2
, X
3
, R
1
, R
2
and R
3
are as described in this application, and methods of using the compounds in the treatment of cancer.
Application of PAT Tools for the Safe and Reliable Production of a Dihydro-1<i>H</i>-imidazole
作者:Ana C. Barrios Sosa、Ryan Conway、R. Thomas Williamson、James P. Suchy、William Edwards、Thomas Cleary
DOI:10.1021/op2001172
日期:2011.11.18
The application of two Process Analytical Technology (PAT) tools was studied and implemented for the safe and reliable synthesis of an advanced intermediate (4S,5R-7) of a member of the dihydro-1H-imidazole (1) class of compounds. Real time data were generated using ReactIR to track the complete breakdown of phosgene precursors (2) to phosgene (3) and confirm the absence of these hazardous materials prior to batch transfer operations. In addition, the chiral resolution by crystallization of rac 7 was monitored by a Lasentec FBRM probe-based system. Implementation of the latter helped to track the crystallization process to minimize the risk of cocrystallization of undesired isomer 4R,5S-7.
Deconstruction of a Nutlin: Dissecting the Binding Determinants of a Potent Protein–Protein Interaction Inhibitor
作者:David C. Fry、Charles Wartchow、Bradford Graves、Cheryl Janson、Christine Lukacs、Ursula Kammlott、Charles Belunis、Stefan Palme、Christian Klein、Binh Vu
DOI:10.1021/ml400062c
日期:2013.7.11
Protein-protein interaction (PPI) systems represent a rich potential source of targets for drug discovery, but historically have proven to be difficult, particularly in the lead. identification stage. Application of the fragment-based approach may help toward success with this target class. To provide an example toward understanding the potential issues associated with such an application, we have deconstructed one of the best established protein-protein inhibitors, the Nutlin series that inhibits the interaction between MDM2 and p53, into fragments, and surveyed the resulting binding properties using heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear magnetic resonance (HSQC NMR), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and X-ray crystallography. We report the relative contributions toward binding affinity for each key substituents of the Nutlin molecule and show that this series could hypothetically have been discovered via fragment approach. We find that the smallest fragment of Nutlin that retains binding accesses two subpockets of MDM2 and has a molecular weight at the high end of the range that normally defines fragments.
Discovery of RG7112: A Small-Molecule MDM2 Inhibitor in Clinical Development
The p53 tumor suppressor is a potent transcription factor that plays a key role in the regulation of cellular responses to stress. It is controlled by its negative regulator MDM2, which binds directly to p53 and inhibits its transcriptional activity. MDM2 also targets p53 for degradation by the proteasome. Many tumors produce high levels of MDM2, thereby impairing p53 function. Restoration of p53 activity by inhibiting the p53-MDM2 interaction may represent a novel approach to cancer treatment. RG7112 (2g) is the first clinical small-molecule MDM2 inhibitor designed to occupy the p53-binding pocket of MDM2. In cancer cells expressing wild-type p53, RG7112 stabilizes p53 and activates the p53 pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and inhibition or regression of human tumor xenografts.