Alloying nickel with tungsten can tailor the catalytic surface to favor hydroxyl adsorption, tuning the connectivity of hydrogen-bond networks. Accordingly, the optimal Ni17W3 alloy exhibits hydrogen oxidation catalytic activity superior to the state-of-the-art platinum catalyst in alkali and operates steadily with negligible decay after 10,000 cycles.
将镍与钨合金化可以调整催化表面以有利于羟基吸附,从而调整氢键网络的连接性。因此,最佳的Ni 17 W 3合金在碱中表现出优于最先进的铂催化剂的氢氧化催化活性,并且在10,000次循环后稳定运行且衰减可忽略不计。
Carbothermic reduction of cobalt and nickel tungstates
作者:N. V. Lebukhova、N. F. Karpovich
DOI:10.1134/s0020168506030174
日期:2006.3
Data are presented on the formation sequence of metallic, carbide, and intermediate oxide phases in the carbon reduction Of CoWO4 and NiWO4. The surface reaction between CoWO4 particles and solid carbon yields the mixed carbide Co6W6C, while the reaction with the CO originating from carbon vaporization yields the intermetallic phase Co7W6. The initial stage of the solid-state and gas-phase reduction of NiWO4 yields a solid solution of tungsten in nickel (similar to 10 at % W), Ni4W, and, presumably, the NiWO4-WO3 eutectic. The solid solution reacts with carbon to form Ni2W4C and with CO to form filamentary tungsten crystals.
Gerasimov, Ya. I.; Rezukhina, T. N.; Simanov, Yu. P., 1957, vol. 12, # 4, p. 185 - 200
作者:Gerasimov, Ya. I.、Rezukhina, T. N.、Simanov, Yu. P.、Vasil'eva, I. A.、Kruzhakova, R. D.
DOI:——
日期:——
Growth of single-crystal tungsten whiskers during CO reduction of NiWO4
作者:N. V. Lebukhova、N. F. Karpovich、V. I. Palazhchenko、S. A. Pyachin
DOI:10.1134/s0020168507070199
日期:2007.7
Experimental evidence is presented that the growth of tungsten whiskers during CO reduction of NiWO4 follows the vapor-liquid-solid mechanism. A liquid phase appears at 940 degrees C owing to the melting of NiWO4-Na2WO4 eutectic regions which seem to result from the segregation of sodium impurities present in the reagents used. The presence of the liquid phase ensures comparable rates of Ni and W liberation from the crystal lattice of nickel tungstate, leading to the formation of alpha-W + NiW two-phase regions. The directional growth of tungsten whiskers during further CO reduction of the tungstate melt is associated with W deposition on the growth surfaces of alpha-W single crystals in the two-phase regions.