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sodium deuteride | 15780-28-6

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
sodium deuteride
英文别名
——
sodium deuteride化学式
CAS
15780-28-6
化学式
HNa
mdl
——
分子量
24.9898
InChiKey
MPMYQQHEHYDOCL-IEOVAKBOSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.65
  • 重原子数:
    1.0
  • 可旋转键数:
    0.0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0.0
  • 氢给体数:
    0.0
  • 氢受体数:
    0.0

SDS

SDS:47c65fc5672c7981bd289f14b2c2add2
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制备方法与用途

合成制备方法

本品系仿照氘化锂和氢化钠的制备方法,由单质钠和氘气直接化合而成。

首先需制得纯的钠和氘气。金属钠须真空蒸馏并多次提纯;而氘气则通过高纯重水与金属钠反应制得,可得到纯度达99.8%的氘化钠。

氘气的提纯过程如下:

  1. 将过量金属钠放入装有铝坩埚的玻璃反应器瓶中。
  2. 在另一装置内加入D₂O,并用液态空气冷却至低温,打开活栓3和4,抽真空。
  3. 关闭活栓4后,将D₂O慢慢蒸馏到Na上来,并在350℃下加热数小时以确保反应完全。
  4. 打开活栓4,将生成的D₂导入装有脱气活性炭且已排空的容器中,在-185℃下保持。首次分解时,制得的D₂可能含有少量H₂(由NaOH溶解在金属Na中生成)。如果使用同一块钠再次进行分解,则可得到纯度低于0.2%的D₂,其纯度可通过测量热导率来检测。

金属钠的预处理:

  1. 用二甲苯重新熔融数次以去除沾附的难挥发烃类化合物,并尽可能清除氧化物。
  2. 在氩气保护下,将表面光洁的钠装入制备碱金属氢化物的常用装置(图Ⅰ-7)中,抽空反应器并充入氘气。缓慢加热至750℃,确保在半小时内压力保持稳定以确认氘化钠完全生成。
  3. 充分冷却后,在惰性气体保护下,使用焊在长玻璃棒上的小铂铲取出氘化钠。

通过以上步骤可成功合成纯度达99.8%的氘化钠。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    sodium deuteride 、 {1,1'-(3-oxa-pentamethylene)dicyclopentadienyl}yttrium chloride 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂, 以68.3%的产率得到(1,1'-(3-oxa-pentamethylene)dicyclopentadienyl yttrium deuteride)2
    参考文献:
    名称:
    有机镧系配合物的研究:XXXVIII。新型有机镧氢化物:对烯烃,炔烃和有机卤化物的合成和反应性
    摘要:
    [O(CH 2 CH 2 C 5 H 4)2 ] LnCl与NaH在THF中于45°C反应,生成二聚有机镧系杂合物[O(CH 2 CH 2 C 5 H 4)2 LnH] 2(Ln = Gd,Er,Yb,Lu,Y),收率良好。这些新的配合物已通过元素分析,质谱,IR和NMR光谱进行了全面表征。氢化物cn与烯烃和炔烃反应。活性更高的有机镧氢化物/ NaH不仅能够特异性还原末端碳specifically碳双键,而且能够催化有机卤化物的脱卤作用。
    DOI:
    10.1016/0022-328x(91)86042-o
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    sodium 以 further solvent(s) 为溶剂, 生成 sodium deuteride
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Isotope Effect in the Vibrational Frequency Spectra and Specific Heats of Sodium Hydride and Deuteride
    摘要:
    The prediction by the Born and von Karman lattice dynamics theory of the effect of isotopic substitution on crystal vibration frequencies has been determined by calculation of frequency spectra of sodium hydride and sodium deuteride. In each case 6690 of the lattice frequencies have been calculated with the aid of I.B.M. punched card computers. They have been chosen and weighted in such a way that the whole frequency spectra of the crystals are uniformly sampled. Both spectra exhibit acoustical branches which are nearly identical and optical branches, the frequencies of which are essentially in the ratio of the square root of two. In both cases, the optical branches extend somewhat uniformly over very broad ranges of frequencies, in marked contrast to the estimation of optical frequencies as a few monochromatic lines. The molar heat capacities of these two compounds have been determined experimentally between 60 and 90°K with an adiabatic calorimeter and compared to corresponding curves calculated from the frequency spectra. The theoretical and experimental sets of curves possess the same general form. In both cases the deuteride values are higher than the hydride values, with the curves of the two substances diverging with increasing temperature. The theoretical curves, however, are nearly uniformly displaced from the experimental curves by about ten percent, an effect which could have arisen from an error in the repulsive force constants.
    DOI:
    10.1063/1.1747706
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    四氢呋喃1,1-二苯乙烯sodium deuteride 、 magnesium iodide 作用下, 以 mineral oil 为溶剂, 以90 %的产率得到
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Hydroalkylation of 1,1‐Diarylalkenes Mediated by Magnesium Hydride in Ethereal Solvents
    摘要:
    摘要 利用碘化镁(MgI2)与氢化钠(NaH)在乙醚溶剂中的溶解热处理原位生成的氢化镁(MgH2),开发了一种 1,1-二芳基烯烃的氢烷基化方法。该工艺通过 MgH2 对 1,1-二芳基烯烃进行水镁化反应来生成 1,1-二芳基镁,然后立即用乙醚溶剂对其进行烷基化反应,从而在水烷基化产物中形成二芳基季碳中心。
    DOI:
    10.1002/hlca.202300212
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文献信息

  • Hydrogen diffusion in NaH as derived from isotope exchange experiments
    作者:A. Borgschulte、F. Pendolino、R. Gremaud、A. Züttel
    DOI:10.1063/1.3103277
    日期:2009.3.16
    We report on hydrogen-deuterium-exchange experiments on NaH probed by thermogravimetry. From the measurements a diffusion parameter of deuterium in NaH of D=1.1×10−17 m2/s at 523 K is derived. The activation energy of tracer diffusion of D in NaH is found to be 1.0 eV. The results are hints for a diffusion process mediated by neutral hydrogen vacancies.
    我们报告了通过热重法探测的 NaH 的氢-氘交换实验。根据测量结果,推导出 523 K 下氘在 NaH 中的扩散参数 D=1.1×10-17 m2/s。发现 D 在 NaH 中的示踪扩散的活化能为 1.0 eV。结果暗示了由中性氢空位介导的扩散过程。
  • Spectroscopy of the NaH, NaD, KH, and KD <i>X</i> <sup>1</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup> ground state by laser excited fluorescence in a high frequency discharge
    作者:Marc Giroud、Odette Nedelec
    DOI:10.1063/1.440721
    日期:1980.11
    By laser excited fluorescence of the hydrides obtained in a discharge, the ground state vibrational levels of NaH, NaD, KH, and KD have been observed up to v″=15, 20, 14, and 16, respectively, instead of v″=8, 2, 4, and 4 by conventional spectroscopy. Experimental values of Gv″, Bv″, and Dv″ are obtained. Spectroscopic parameters and RKR potential curves are calculated. In NaH and NaD, a comparison can be made with ab initio calculations.
  • The Heats of Formation at 25° of the Crystalline Hydrides and Deuterides and Aqueous Hydroxides of Lithium, Sodium and Potassium<sup>1</sup>
    作者:Stuart R. Gunn、LeRoy G. Green
    DOI:10.1021/ja01551a008
    日期:1958.9
  • Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Na: SVol.2, 93, page 807 - 809
    作者:
    DOI:——
    日期:——
  • Nascent rotational quantum state distribution of NaH (NaD) from the reaction of Na*(4 <sup>2</sup><i>P</i>) with H<sub>2</sub>, D<sub>2</sub>, and HD
    作者:Solomon Bililign、P. D. Kleiber
    DOI:10.1063/1.462507
    日期:1992.1
    The nascent rotational quantum state distributions of NaH and NaD products resulting from the reactions of Na*(4 2Pj) with H2, D2, and HD have been determined using the laser pump–probe technique. We have observed a bimodal rotational distribution with a minor component peaking at low J and a major component peaking at high J. We have observed no evidence for a kinematic isotope effect on the product distribution. Our results are consistent with a model wherein the reaction occurs predominantly on the attractive 2B2 potential energy surface in near C2v geometry with the rotational distribution being determined late in the exit channel.
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