4-二乙基水杨醛 | 13573-08-5

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 类金属盐
• 中文名称: 4-二乙基水杨醛
• 中文别名: 二碘化锗(II)；碘化锗(II)；二碘化锗
• 英文名称: Germanium diiodide
• CAS: 13573-08-5
• 化学式: GeI₂
• 分子量: 326.399
• InChiKey: IAGYEMVJHPEPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  460°C
• 沸点：
  545°C
• 密度：
  5.37 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 溶解度：
  溶于稀盐酸。
• 稳定性/保质期：
  常温常压下稳定，避免与水分/潮湿、氧化物和光接触。遇湿空气会水解，在干燥空气中则较为稳定。在氨溶液中会生成亚胺锗。二碘化锗稍溶于冷的氢碘酸，加热后非常易溶，因此可以进行重结晶。在真空中于240℃升华。二碘化锗可用作有机锗化物的合成原料。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.39
• 重原子数：
  3
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险等级：
  8
• 危险品标志：
  C
• 危险类别码：
  R34
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3260 8/PG 2
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 包装等级：
  II
• 危险类别：
  8
• 安全说明：
  S23,S26,S27,S36/37/39,S45
• 危险标志：
  GHS05
• 危险性描述：
  H314
• 危险性防范说明：
  P280,P305 + P351 + P338,P310

SDS

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Section 1: Product Identification
Chemical Name: Germanium (II) iodide (99.99+%-Ge) PURATREM
CAS Registry Number: 13573-08-5
Formula: GeI2
EINECS Number: 236-998-1
Chemical Family: metal halide
Synonym: Germanium diiodide

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Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Ingredient CAS Number Percent ACGIH (TWA) OSHA (PEL)
Title Compound 13573-08-5 100% no data no data

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Section 3: Hazards Identification
Severe irritant to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. Material hydrolyzes in contact with moisture releasing
Emergency Overview:
hydroiodic acid and under some conditions corrosive hydrogen iodide vapors.
Primary Routes of Exposure: Ingestion, inhalation, skin, eyes
Eye Contact: Causes severe irritation to the eyes.
Skin Contact: Causes severe irritation of the skin with redness, pain, itching, pimples, boils, hives and blisters.
Forms hydroiodic acid in the presence of moisture. Inhalation of vapors leads to irritation of the respiratory
Inhalation:
tract.
Ingestion: Severe irritation of the Gastrointestinal system may occur.
Acute Health Affects: Irritating to skin, eyes and respiratory tract. May cause dyspnea (breathing difficulty), and pulmonary edema.
Chronic ingestion of iodides may produce iodism. Symptoms include skin rash, running nose, headache and
Chronic Health Affects:
irritation of mucous membranes.
NTP: No
IARC: No
OSHA: No

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SECTION 4: First Aid Measures
Immediately flush the eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10-15 minutes. A victim may need
Eye Exposure:
assistance in keeping their eye lids open. Get immediate medical attention.
Wash the affected area with water. Remove contaminated clothes if necessary. Seek medical assistance if
Skin Exposure:
irritation persists.
Remove the victim to fresh air. Closely monitor the victim for signs of respiratory problems, such as difficulty
Inhalation:
in breathing, coughing, wheezing, or pain. In such cases seek immediate medical assistance.
Seek medical attention immediately. Keep the victim calm. Give the victim water (only if conscious). Induce
Ingestion:
vomiting only if directed by medical personnel.

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SECTION 5: Fire Fighting Measures
Flash Point: not applicable
Autoignition Temperature: none
Explosion Limits: none
Extinguishing Medium: none required
If involved in a fire, fire fighters should be equipped with a NIOSH approved positive pressure self-contained
Special Fire Fighting Procedures:
breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.
Hazardous Combustion and If involved in a fire this material may emit corrosive hydrogen fluoride fumes.
Decomposion Products:
Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazards: No unusual fire or explosion hazards.

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SECTION 6: Accidental Release Measures
To avoid raising dust, small spills can be mixed with powdered sodium bicarbonate, lime, or calcium carbonate
Spill and Leak Procedures:
and swept up.

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SECTION 7: Handling and Storage
Store material in a tightly sealed bottle away from moisture. If possible, handle material in an efficient fume
Handling and Storage:
hood. Prolonged exposure to the atmosphere may lead to degradation of the product.

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SECTION 8: Exposure Controls and Personal Protection
Eye Protection: Always wear approved safety glasses when handling a chemical substance in the laboratory.
Skin Protection: Wear appropriate chemical resistant gloves and protective clothing.
Ventilation: If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
If in form of fine dust and ventilation is not available a respirator should be worn. The use of respirators
Respirator:
requires a Respirator Protection Program to be in compliance with 29 CFR 1910.134.
Ventilation: If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
Additional Protection: No additional protection required.

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SECTION 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Color and Form: -10 mesh yellow pwdr.
Molecular Weight: 326.4
Melting Point: dec.
Boiling Point: no data
Vapor Pressure: no data
Specific Gravity: 5.73
Odor: not determined
Solubility in Water: Decomposes in water

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SECTION 10: Stability and Reactivity
Stability: moisture sensitive
Hazardous Polymerization: no hazardous polymerization
Conditions to Avoid: contact with moisture
Incompatibility: Oxidizing agents, halogens and active metals
Decomposition Products: with moisture: hydroiodic acid and germanium oxides

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SECTION 11: Toxicological Information
RTECS Data: No information available in the RTECS files.
Carcinogenic Effects: no data
Mutagenic Effects: no data
Tetratogenic Effects: no data

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SECTION 12: Ecological Information
Ecological Information: No information available

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SECTION 13: Disposal Considerations
Disposal: Dispose of according to local, state and federal regulations.

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SECTION 14: Transportation
Shipping Name (CFR): Non-hazardous
Hazard Class (CFR): NA
Additional Hazard Class (CFR): NA
Packaging Group (CFR): NA
UN ID Number (CFR): NA
Shipping Name (IATA): Non-hazardous
Hazard Class (IATA): NA
Additional Hazard Class (IATA): NA
Packaging Group (IATA): NA
UN ID Number (IATA): NA

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SECTION 15: Regulatory Information
TSCA: Listed in the TSCA inventory.
SARA (Title 313): Title compound not listed
Second Ingredient: none

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

化学性质

二碘化锗呈现橙色六方晶系片状结晶，密度为5.37 g/cm³。它溶于冷水和浓氢碘酸，微溶于氯仿和四氯化碳，不溶于二硫化碳；在热水中则会分解。此物质可在氨溶液中生成亚胺锗，并且在240℃的真空条件下升华。在干燥空气中稳定，但遇到潮湿空气就会水解。

用途

二碘化锗主要用作合成有机锗化合物的原料。

生产方法

二碘化锗可通过将一硫化锗粉末与过量57%浓氢碘酸混合，在100℃下搅拌反应后趁热过滤，并缓慢冷却滤液来制备。另一种方法是将四碘化锗加入蒸馏水和57%浓氢碘酸中，再加入50%次膦酸并回流煮沸；经过反应后结晶、用稀氢碘酸洗涤并干燥即可得到二碘化锗。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  4-二乙基水杨醛 、 苯基锂 以 乙醚 为溶剂， 以6%的产率得到四苯基锗
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Untersuchungen von Diiodogermylen 和 Triphenylphosphindiiodogermylen 和 die Kristallstruktur von Triphenylphosphindiiodogermylen

  摘要：

  Reaktivitaten und chemische Eigenschaften von Diiodogermylen und Triphenylphosphindiiodogermylen wurden durch ihre Reaktionen mit Organolithium-Verbindungen oder Butadienen untersucht。Die Kristallstruktur von Triphenylphosphindiiodogermylen wurde rontgenographisch aufgeklart。

  DOI：

  10.1246/bcsj.58.974
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  锗烷 、 碘 以 gas 为溶剂， 生成 4-二乙基水杨醛
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Chemiluminescent reactions of ground and metastable states of the group IV A elements with halogens

  摘要：

  Earlier work on chemiluminescent beam-gas reactions of the ground states (3 PJ ) of Si, Ge, and Sn with F2 and of both ground and metastable states (1 D, 1 S) of Sn with Cl2 , Br2, and I2 is extended to include reactions of both ground and metastable states of Si, Ge, and Sn with F2 , Cl2 , Br2 , I2 , and ICl. Chemiluminescent products of metal halides and/or dihalides were observed in all of these reactions, although attempts to observe that in the similar reactions of Pb were unsuccessful. In ICl reactions with Si, Ge, and Sn, both monochloride and dichloride emission occurs, confirming the previously proposed mechanism for creating dihalide emission in Sn reactions with Br2 and I2 via a monohalide intermediate.

  DOI：

  10.1063/1.456952
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  反式肉桂醛 、 3-溴丙烯 在 4-二乙基水杨醛 、 zinc(II) iodide 作用下， 以 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂， 反应 5.0h， 以82%的产率得到(E)-1-phenyl-1,5-hexadien-3-ol
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Allylation of carbonyl compounds mediated by germanium(II) iodide

  摘要：

  Germanium(II) iodide reacts with allyl bromide in the presence of zinc iodide to afford allylgermanium(IV), which adds to carbonyl compounds to give the corresponding homoallylic alcohols in good yields.

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-4039(00)76973-5

文献信息

• MAZEROLLES, PIERRE;LAURENT, CHRISTIAN;FAUCHER, ALFREDA, J. ORGANOMET. CHEM., 366,(1989) N-2, C. 57-60
  作者：MAZEROLLES, PIERRE、LAURENT, CHRISTIAN、FAUCHER, ALFREDA

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• PARK, JAIWOOK;BATCHELLER, SCOTT A.;MASAMUNE, SATORU, J. ORGANOMET. CHEM., 367,(1989) N-2, C. 39-45
  作者：PARK, JAIWOOK、BATCHELLER, SCOTT A.、MASAMUNE, SATORU

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• LEI, DEQING;HAMPDEN, SMITH MARK J., J. CHEM. SOC. CHEM. COMMUN.,(1989) N7, C. 1211-1213
  作者：LEI, DEQING、HAMPDEN, SMITH MARK J.

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• MAZEROLLES, PIERRE;LAURENT, CHRISTIAN, J. ORGANOMET. CHEM., 402,(1991) N, C. 35-41
  作者：MAZEROLLES, PIERRE、LAURENT, CHRISTIAN

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• MAZEROLLES, P.;GREGOIRE, F., J. ORGANOMET. CHEM., 1986, 301, N 2, 153-160
  作者：MAZEROLLES, P.、GREGOIRE, F.

  DOI：——

  日期：——