sodium phosphinate - CAS号 7681-53-0

物化性质

密度：

1.77 g/cm3 at 20 °C
颜色/状态：

Colorless, pearly, crystalline plates or white granular powder
味道：

Bittersweet, saline taste
熔点：

Decomposes above 238 °C (OECD Guideline 102)
溶解度：

In water, 909 g/L at 30 °C and pH 5.8 to 5.9
稳定性/保质期：

水溶液呈中性，在100℃的水中溶解度为667g/100g水。易潮解，在干燥状态下保存时较为稳定，但加热超过200℃则会迅速分解，释放出可自燃的有毒磷化氢。遇强热会发生爆炸，并且与氯酸钾或其他氧化剂混合也会导致爆炸。

次磷酸钠是一种强还原剂，能够将金、银、汞、镍、铬、钴等金属盐还原成金属状态。在常压下加热蒸发次磷酸钠溶液容易发生爆炸，因此建议在减压条件下进行蒸发操作。
分解：

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /phosphorous oxides and sodium oxide/.
粘度：

Dynamic viscosity is between 19 and 23 mPa.s (average at 21 mPa.s) at 810 g/L and 3 mPa.s at 50% in concentration.

计算性质

辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：

-3.44
重原子数：

4
可旋转键数：

0
环数：

0.0
sp3杂化的碳原子比例：

0.0
拓扑面积：

40.1
氢给体数：

0
氢受体数：

2

ADMET

毒理性

毒性总结

识别和使用：亚磷酸钠形成白色晶体或白色颗粒粉末。这是一种美国缉毒局（DEA）名单1化学物质。它用作砷和碘酸盐的试剂，以前用于制备亚磷酸盐糖浆。它还用于制药业，以及在塑料和金属无电解镍电镀中作为还原剂，实验室试剂，以及在熏肉中替代硝酸钠。人体研究：曾有一例因接触亚磷酸钠而引起的职业性皮炎。亚磷酸钠在体外人淋巴细胞染色体畸变试验中没有表现出任何断裂活性。动物研究：亚磷酸钠在小鼠中不会引起过敏。亚磷酸钠对兔子的皮肤和眼睛无刺激性。亚磷酸钠在大鼠每日给药2周后未表现出毒性，并且在发育大鼠的研究中未显示出任何致畸潜力。亚磷酸钠在体外哺乳动物细胞基因突变试验中使用小鼠淋巴瘤细胞未表现出任何致突变活性。亚磷酸钠在含有伤寒沙门氏菌TA 1535、TA 1537、TA 98、TA 100和TA 102株的细菌反向突变试验中未表现出任何致突变活性。

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Sodium hypophosphite forms white crystals or white granular powder. This is a DEA List 1 chemical substance. It is used as reagent for arsenic and iodates, and was formerly used in the preparation of hypophosphites syrup. It is also used in pharmaceuticals, as well as a reducing agent in electroless nickel plating of plastic and metals, lab reagent, substitute for sodium nitrite in smoked meats. HUMAN STUDIES: There has been a case of occupational dermatitis due to exposure to sodium hypophosphite. Sodium hypophosphite did not show any clastogenic activity in the in vitro chromosome aberration test with cultured human lymphocytes. ANIMAL STUDIES: Sodium hypophosphite was not sensitizing in mice. Sodium hypophosphite was non-irritant to the skin and eyes of rabbits. Sodium hypophosphite was not toxic in rats after daily administration for 2 weeks, and it did not show any teratogenic potential in developmental studies in rats. Sodium hypophosphite did not show any mutagenic activity in the in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test using mouse lymphoma cells. Sodium hypophosphite did not show any mutagenic activity in the bacterial reverse mutation test with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102.