Thorium-227 | 15623-47-9

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 均相金属化合物 - 均相锕系化合物
• 英文名称: Thorium-227
• CAS: 15623-47-9
• 化学式: Th
• 分子量: 227.0277
• InChiKey: ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-FTXFMUIASA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.0
• 重原子数：
  1
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

代谢

接触钍可能发生在吸入、摄入或皮肤接触之后。一旦进入人体，钍主要在肝脏、脾脏、淋巴结、肺和骨骼中积累。转铁蛋白在钍的运输和细胞摄取中起着主要作用。钍可能与氧结合形成Thorotrast（钍 dioxide二氧化钍），这是一种可能影响蛋白质摄取的胶体。钍和Thorotrast主要通过粪便排出。

Exposure to thorium can occur following inhalation, ingestion, or dermal exposure. Once in the body thorium accumulates mainly in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, lungs, and bone. Transferrin plays a major role in the transport and cellular uptake of thorium. Thorium may combine with oxygen to form thorotrast (thorium dioxide), a colloid which may affect protein uptake. Thorium and thorotrast are excreted mainly in the faeces. (L1838)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

由钍产生的电离辐射会导致细胞损伤，包括DNA断裂、准确或不准确的修复、细胞凋亡、基因突变、染色体改变和遗传不稳定。这会导致正常细胞和组织稳态的丧失，以及恶性肿瘤的发展。那些不直接损伤DNA的电离辐射可以产生反应性氧中间体，这些中间体直接影响p53的稳定性，p53是细胞周期调节中的一种重要酶，并通过在DNA复制期间配对错误产生DNA单个碱基的氧化损伤和点突变。

The ionizing radiation produced by thorium causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (L1837)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1, 对人类致癌。

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

肺部和其他内部器官可以被钍产生的α辐射穿透。因此，暴露于钍气溶胶可能导致肺癌、胰腺癌和血癌的风险增加。钍在体内的暴露增加了患肝病风险。(L1094)

Lungs and other internal organs can be penetrated by the alpha radiation produced by thorium. As a result, exposure to an aerosol of thorium can lead to increased risk of cancers of the lung, pancreas and blood. Exposure to thorium internally leads to increased risk of liver diseases. (L1094)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

口服（L1838）；吸入（L1838）；皮肤给药（L1838）

Oral (L1838) ; Inhalation (L1838) ; Dermal (L1838)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

暴露在高剂量的电离辐射下会导致急性辐射综合症，可能引起皮肤烧伤、脱发、恶心、呕吐、眩晕、定向障碍、低血压、头痛、疲劳、虚弱、发热、出生缺陷、疾病、感染甚至死亡。

Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (L1837, L1852)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)