First Total Syntheses of Natural Phenanthrene Alkaloids, Uvariopsamine, Noruvariopsamine, 8-Hydroxystephenanthrine, 8-Methoxyuvariopsine, Thalihazine, and Secophoebine, and Their Potential as Antimalarial Agents
The first total syntheses of natural phenanthrene alkaloids, namely, uvariopsamine (1), noruvariopsamine (2), 8-hydroxystephenanthrine (3), 8-methoxyuvariopsine (4), thalihazine (5), and secophoebine (6), have been realized. In addition, their in vitro antimalarial activity against the multidrug-resistant K1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum and in vitro cytotoxic activity against the human nasopharynx