lead(II) thiosulfate

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 后过渡金属氧阴离子化合物
• 英文名称: lead(II) thiosulfate
• 英文别名: lead thiosulfate；2-Sulfanylidene-1,3,2,4lambda2-dioxathiaplumbetane 2-oxide；2-sulfanylidene-1,3,2,4λ2-dioxathiaplumbetane 2-oxide
• 化学式: O₃S₂*Pb
• 分子量: 319.33
• InChiKey: FKPGNMBJYBPNHL-UHFFFAOYSA-L

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -1.39
• 重原子数：
  6
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  104
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

ADMET

代谢

铅通过吸入、口服和皮肤接触被吸收，然后主要分布到骨骼和红细胞中。在血液中，铅可能被发现与血清白蛋白或金属结合蛋白金属lothionein结合。有机铅通过细胞色素P-450酶代谢，而无机铅与δ-氨基酮酸脱氢酶形成复合物。铅主要通过尿液和粪便排出。(L136)

Lead is absorbed following inhalation, oral, and dermal exposure. It is then distributed mainly to the bones and red blood cells. In the blood lead may be found bound to serum albumin or the metal-binding protein metallothionein. Organic lead is metabolized by cytochrome P-450 enzymes, whereas inorganic lead forms complexes with delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase. Lead is excreted mainly in the urine and faeces. (L136)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

铅模仿其他生物学上重要的金属，如锌、钙和铁，作为许多它们各自酶促反应的辅因子与之竞争。例如，铅已被证明能竞争性地抑制钙与钙调蛋白的结合，干扰神经递质的释放。它对NMDA受体和蛋白激酶C表现出类似的竞争性抑制，这损害了脑微血管的形成和功能，同时也改变了血脑屏障。铅还通过阻碍多巴胺合成的调节和阻止乙酰胆碱的诱发释放来影响神经系统。然而，铅的主要作用机制是通过抑制δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶，这是一种在血红素生物合成中至关重要的酶，而血红素是血红蛋白必不可少的辅因子。(T4, A20, A22, L136)

Lead mimics other biologically important metals, such as zinc, calcium, and iron, competing as cofactors for many of their respective enzymatic reactions. For example, lead has been shown to competitively inhibit calcium's binding of calmodulin, interferring with neurotransmitter release. It exhibits similar competitive inhibition at the NMDA receptor and protein kinase C, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Lead also affects the nervous system by impairing regulation of dopamine synthesis and blocking evoked release of acetylcholine. However, it's main mechanism of action occurs by inhibiting delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, an enzyme vital in the biosynthesis of heme, which is a necesssary cofactor of hemoglobin. (T4, A20, A22, L136)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

A3; 对动物已确认是致癌物，但对人类的相关性未知。/铅和无机铅化合物，如 Pb/

A3; Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans. /Lead and inorganic compounds, as Pb/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

铅、铅化合物：合理预期为人类致癌物

Lead, lead compounds: Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

2A，可能对人类致癌。（L135）

2A, probably carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

铅是一种神经毒素，已知会导致大脑损伤和认知能力下降，特别是在儿童中。铅暴露可能导致肾病，以及如高血压和贫血等血液疾病。铅还表现出生殖毒性，可能导致流产和减少精子产生。

Lead is a neurotoxin and has been known to cause brain damage and reduced cognitive capacity, especially in children. Lead exposure can result in nephropathy, as well as blood disorders such as high blood pressure and anemia. Lead also exhibits reproductive toxicity and can results in miscarriages and reduced sperm production. (L21)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  lead(II) thiosulfate 以 neat (no solvent) 为溶剂， 生成 lead(II) sulfide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Feltynowski, A.; Glass, I.; Piwkowski, T., 1956, vol. 15, p. 275 - 282

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  sodium tetrathiosulfatoplumbate hexahydrate 以 水 为溶剂， 生成 lead(II) thiosulfate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis and properties of Na6[Pb(S2O3)4] · 6H2O

  摘要：

  Conditions for the synthesis of the water-soluble lead thiosulfate complex Na-6[Pb(S2O3)(4)] center dot 6H(2)O were determined. The complex synthesized was characterized by UV and IR spectroscopy and X-ray phase and thermal analyses. Thermolysis schemes were proposed on the basis of the IR and mass spectra of the thermal decomposition products.

  DOI：

  10.1134/s0036023610020075

文献信息

• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: S: MVol.B2, 20.1, page 1011 - 1024
  作者：

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• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: P: MVol.C, 195, page 447 - 449
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• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: S: MVol.B2, 10, page 979 - 992
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• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: P: MVol.C, 200, page 458 - 460
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  日期：——
• Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Pb: MVol.C3, 11, page 1146 - 1160
  作者：

  DOI：——

  日期：——