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氧化汞(II)红 | 21908-53-2

中文名称
氧化汞(II)红
中文别名
氧化汞(II),黄;一氧化汞;氧化汞红;三仙丹;氧化汞;氧化汞,红色;一氧化汞,红色;氧化汞,黄色;一氧化汞,黄色;黄降汞;红降汞
英文名称
mercury(II) oxide
英文别名
mercuric oxide;Yellow precipitate;mercury monoxide;mercury oxide;oxomercury
氧化汞(II)红化学式
CAS
21908-53-2
化学式
HgO
mdl
——
分子量
216.589
InChiKey
UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    500 °C (decomp)
  • 密度:
    11.1 g/cm3
  • 物理描述:
    Mercuric oxide, [solid] appears as red or orange-red odorless, dense crystalline powder or scales, yellow when finely powdered. Used as a chemical intermediate for mercury salts, organic mercury compounds, and chlorine monoxide; antiseptic in pharmaceuticals; component of dry cell batteries; pigment and glass modifier; fungicide; preservative in cosmetics; analytical reagent; formerly used in antifouling paints. (EPA, 1998)
  • 颜色/状态:
    Yellow mercuric oxide: yellow or orange-yellow, heavy, powder, orthorhombic structure
  • 气味:
    Odorless
  • 溶解度:
    0.0053 G/100 CC WATER @ 25 °C
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    1. 如果遵照规格使用和储存,则不会分解。
    2. 避免接触氧化物,吸入或与皮肤接触时极毒,有毒!

    黄色或红色粉末,一般黄色氧化粒度在2μm以下,红色氧化多数为10~20μm。通过粉碎可以将红色氧化转化为黄色氧化。氧化存在两种结晶形式,分别属于六方晶系和单斜晶系,其中单斜晶系是稳定的,相对密度为11.1。在400℃以上会发生热分解生成蒸气,在中溶解度极小,但在弱酸以外的酸中极易溶解。在氢气流中加热可还原成。此外,氧化还可将SO2氧化成SO3,并与过氧化氢反应生成过氧化

  • 分解:
    500 °C
  • 折光率:
    INDEX OF REFRACTION: 2.37, 2.5, 2.65

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.12
  • 重原子数:
    2
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    17.1
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    1

ADMET

代谢
主要通过摄入和吸入被吸收,然后通过血液流布全身,其中一部分会与血红蛋白上的巯基团结合。可以经过氧化转变为离子,这一过程通过过氧化氢酶-过氧化氢途径进行。原子能够扩散进入过氧化氢酶酶裂隙,到达含有血红素环的活性位点。由于过氧化氢酶-过氧化氢途径普遍存在,氧化最可能发生在所有组织中。氧化后,倾向于在肾脏中积累。主要通过呼气和粪便排出体外。
Mercury is absorbed mainly via ingestion and inhalation, then distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream, where a portion binds to sulfhydryl groups on haemoglobin. Mercury can undergo oxidation to mercuric mercury, which takes place via the catalase-hydrogen peroxide pathway. The mercury atom is able to diffuse down the cleft in the catalase enzyme to reach the active site where the heme ring is located. Oxidation most likely occurs in all tissue, as the catalase hydrogen peroxide pathway is ubiquitous. Following oxidation, mercury tends to accumulate in the kidneys. Mercury is excreted mainly by exhalation and in the faeces. (A6, L7)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
离子与蛋白质的巯基或醇基团的高亲和力结合被认为是活性的主要机制。通过改变细胞内巯基状态,可以促进氧化应激、脂质过氧化、线粒体功能障碍和血红素代谢的变化。已知能与微囊和线粒体酶结合,导致细胞损伤和死亡。例如,能抑制通道蛋白,阻止细胞膜上的流。它还抑制LCK蛋白,导致T细胞信号传导减少和免疫系统抑制。还被认为是通过作用于突触后神经细胞膜来抑制神经兴奋性。它还通过抑制蛋白激酶C和碱性磷酸酶来影响神经系统,这会损害大脑微血管的形成和功能,并改变血脑屏障。还能产生自身免疫反应,可能是通过修饰主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)II类分子、自身肽、T细胞受体或细胞表面粘附分子。
High-affinity binding of the divalent mercuric ion to thiol or sulfhydryl groups of proteins is believed to be the major mechanism for the activity of mercury. Through alterations in intracellular thiol status, mercury can promote oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in heme metabolism. Mercury is known to bind to microsomal and mitochondrial enzymes, resulting in cell injury and death. For example, mercury is known to inhibit aquaporins, halting water flow across the cell membrane. It also inhibits the protein LCK, which causes decreased T-cell signalling and immune system depression. Mercury is also believed to inhibit neuronal excitability by acting on the postsynaptic neuronal membrane. It also affects the nervous system by inhibiting protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Mercury also produces an autoimmune response, likely by modification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, self peptides, T-cell receptors, or cell-surface adhesion molecules. (L7, A8, A25, A26)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
A4:无法归类为人类致癌物。/,元素和无机形式,如Hg/
A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Mercury, elemental and inorganic forms, as Hg/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌物分类
3, 其对人类致癌性无法分类。
3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (L135)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 健康影响
主要影响神经系统。接触高平的、无机或有机可能导致大脑、肾脏和发育中的胎儿永久性损害。对大脑功能的影响可能导致易怒、害羞、震颤、视力或听力改变以及记忆问题。儿童的中毒,即手足粉红病,特点是手和脚疼痛和粉红色变色。中毒还可能引起亨特-拉塞尔综合症和熊本病。
Mercury mainly affects the nervous system. Exposure to high levels of metallic, inorganic, or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys, and developing fetus. Effects on brain functioning may result in irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision or hearing, and memory problems. Acrodynia, a type of mercury poisoning in children, is characterized by pain and pink discoloration of the hands and feet. Mercury poisoning can also cause Hunter-Russell syndrome and Minamata disease. (L7)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入其气溶胶、通过皮肤接触以及摄入进入人体。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
吸收、分配和排泄
涎液排出(Hg)及其与血液和尿液中的关系已被确定约为这些体液的十分之一,这是通过对40名接触混合无机和有机化合物(主要是、氧化苯基汞醋酸)几年的工人的研究发现的。
SALIVARY EXCRETION OF MERCURY (HG) & ITS RELATION TO BLOOD & URINE HG HAS BEEN DETERMINED TO BE ABOUT ONE-TENTH THAT OF THESE BODY FLUIDS, AS FOUND FROM A STUDY OF 40 WORKMEN EXPOSED FOR SEVERAL YR TO MIXED INORGANIC & ORGANIC MERCURIALS, CHIEFLY METALLIC HG, MERCURIC OXIDE, & PHENYL HG ACETATE.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
大部分口服给大鼠的氧化(每千克5毫克)通过粪便排出,大约2%的剂量通过尿液排出。氧化经口服后在大鼠组织中的分布与相似。因此,氧化可以在不经转化为的情况下从胃肠道被吸收。
MOST OF MERCURIC OXIDE ADMIN ORALLY TO RATS (5 MG MERCURY/KG) WAS EXCRETED IN FECES, & APPROX 2% OF DOSE WAS EXCRETED IN URINE. DISTRIBUTION OF MERCURY IN RAT TISSUES AFTER ORAL ADMIN OF MERCURIC OXIDE WAS SIMILIAR TO MERCURIC CHLORIDE. THUS, MERCURIC OXIDE COULD BE ABSORBED FROM GI TRACT WITHOUT TRANSFORMATION TO MERCURIC CHLORIDE.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
体放射性测量技术被用于研究两名男子在监测空气污染时意外吸入放射性氧化气溶胶后的行为。系统沉积的主要部位是肾脏。
TECHNIQUES OF BODY RADIOACTIVITY MEASUREMENT WERE USED TO STUDY THE BEHAVIOR OF (203)HG IN 2 MEN WHO HAD ACCIDENTALLY (WHILE MONITORING AIRBORNE CONTAMINATION) INHALED AEROSOLS OF IRRADIATED MERCURIC OXIDE. THE MAJOR SITE OF SYSTEMIC DEPOSITION WAS THE KIDNEY.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
... HG电池工人每天暴露于HGO尘埃中,56%的人尿值超过正常平250微克/升,但没有中毒的临床迹象,这由正常的β-球蛋白平证实。
... HG BATTERY WORKERS EXPOSED DAILY TO HGO DUST SHOWED 56% WITH URINARY HG VALUES ABOVE THE NORMAL LEVEL OF 250 UG/L WITHOUT CLINICAL SIGNS OF POISONING, AS EVIDENCED BY NORMAL BETA-GLOBULIN LEVELS.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在狗的实验中,大约45%的放射性氧化汞(II)气溶胶,其中位液滴直径为0.16 (+或-) 0.06微米,在24小时内被清除,其余部分以33天的半衰期被清除……在血液和尿液中都检测到了放射性。血液中的浓度遵循其从肺部消失的曲线。发现颗粒的体内溶解性对于慢速清除阶段非常重要。
In experiments on dogs, approx 45% of a radioactive mercury (II) oxide aerosol, with a median droplet diameter of 0.16 (+ or - 0.06) um, was cleared in less than 24 hr and the remainder with a half-time of 33 days ... Radioactivity was detected in blood as well as in urine. The concn in blood followed the curve of its disappearance from the lungs. The in vivo solubility of the particles was found to be of great importance for the clearance during the slow phase.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1
  • 危险品标志:
    T+,N
  • 安全说明:
    S13,S28,S45,S60,S61
  • 危险类别码:
    R26/27/28,R50/53,R33
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 危险类别:
    6.1
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 1641

SDS

SDS:2d654a31e75adde68b2c4679a27b5dd8
查看
第一部分:化学品名称

制备方法与用途

合成制备方法
  1. 硝酸加热至约70℃熔融,然后在200~230℃下脱去结晶。从270℃左右开始热分解生成黄色氧化;继续加热到300℃以上会变为红色的氧化,从而制得氧化汞红成品。 [ \text{Hg}_2(\text{NO}_3)_2[\triangle] \rightarrow 2\text{HgO} + 2\text{NO}_2 ]

  2. 按质量百分比配制5%氯化钠和20%的混合物溶液。在室温下,边搅拌边缓慢地向该溶液中添加过量的氢氧化钠溶液,生成黄色沉淀。将沉淀用倾泻法反复洗涤数次后进行真空抽滤,并充分洗涤至没有氯离子;然后将沉淀干燥,在暗处干燥即可得到黄色氧化

  3. 将精制硝酸溶解,制备出硝酸的纯结晶。接着加热该结晶体,大约在70℃时使其熔融,在200~230℃下脱去结晶;从约270℃开始热分解生成黄色氧化,进一步加热至300℃以上会变为红色氧化

  4. 将试剂溶解于中,搅拌下加入已过滤的15%氢氧化钠溶液(所用质量为氢氧化钠的两倍),生成沉淀。将沉淀经过倾泻法反复洗涤数次并进行真空抽滤,在暗处干燥即可获得黄色氧化

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thioureido]pyrazole 、 氧化汞(II)红乙醇 为溶剂, 以99%的产率得到1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-[2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)guanidino]pyrazole
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Heterocyclic derivatives
    摘要:
    本发明涉及异噁唑衍生物,它们是组胺H-2拮抗剂,能抑制胃酸分泌。根据本发明,提供了一种式I的胍基衍生物:##STR1## 其中R.sup.1和R.sup.2,相同或不同,为氢或1-10C烷基,3-8C环烷基,4-14C环烷基烷基,每个烷基、环烷基或环烷基烷基可选地携带一个或多个F、Cl或Br原子,前提是R.sup.1和R.sup.2中的一个是卤素取代的,或者R.sup.2是氢而R.sup.1是R.sup.5-E-W-,其中W是2-6烷基烯,可选地被1或2个1-4C烷基取代,E是O、S、SO、SO.sub.2或NR.sup.6,其中R.sup.6是H或1-6C烷基,R.sup.5是H或1-6C烷基,可选地被1或2个1-4C烷基取代,或者R.sup.5和R.sup.6连接形成吡咯烷、哌啶、吗啉、哌嗪或N-甲基哌嗪环;环X是规范中定义的杂环;A是苯基或5-7C环烷基,或者一个可选地插入一到两个基团的1-8C烷基;R.sup.3和R.sup.4是规范中描述的各种基团;以及其药用可接受的酸盐。还描述了制造工艺和药物组合物。
    公开号:
    US04795755A1
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    TOMASHIK, V. N.;SAVA, A. A., XIM. METODY OBRAB. POVERXNOSTEJ NEORGAN. MATER.: TEZ. DOKL. 3 BCEC. SEMIN+
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    三苯基膦二乙基偶氮二羧酸酯 、 (2S)-3-[4-(6-Hydroxy-hex-1-ynyl)-phenyl]-2-methoxy-propionic acid ethyl ester 、 对羟基联苯 在 silica gel 、 hexanes ethyl acetate 、 甲醇氧化汞(II)红硫酸碳酸氢钠二氯甲烷 、 Brine 、 magnesium sulfatesodium hydroxide乙醚乙酸乙酯 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂, 反应 21.33h, 生成 (2S)-3-{4-[6-(Biphenyl-4-yloxy)-hexanoyl]-phenyl}-2-methoxy-propionic acid
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Modulators of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors
    摘要:
    公开了一种化合物,其结构式表示为(I):其中Ar是取代或未取代的芳香族基团。Q是共价键,-CH2-或-CH2CH2-;W是取代或未取代的烷基或取代或未取代的异烷基连接基团,长度为两到十个原子,优选长度为两到七个原子。苯环A可以选择性地用最多四个取代基取代R1和W。R1是-(CH2)n-CH(OR2)-(CH2)mE,-(CH)=C(OR2)-(CH2)mE,-(CH2)n-CH(Y)-(CH2)mE或-(CH)=C(Y)-(CH2)mE;其中E是COOR3,C1-C3-烷基腈,羧酰胺,磺酰胺,酰基磺酰胺或四唑,其中磺酰胺,酰基磺酰胺和四唑可以选择性地用一个或多个取代基取代,独立地选自C1-C6烷基,卤代烷基和芳基-C0-4-烷基;R2是-H,一种脂肪基,一种取代的脂肪基,卤代烷基,一种芳香基,一种取代的芳香基,-COR4,-COOR4,-CONR5R6,-C(S)R4,-C(S)OR4或-C(S)NR5R6;R3是-H,一种脂肪基,一种取代的脂肪基,一种芳香基或一种取代的芳香基;Y是-O-,-CH2-,-CH2CH2-或-CH═CH-,并与苯环A中与R1正交的碳原子键合;R4-R6独立地是-H,一种脂肪基,一种取代的脂肪基,一种芳香基或一种取代的芳香基;n和m独立地为0、1或2。
    公开号:
    US20070276138A1
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文献信息

  • Mercury removal process
    申请人:The Upjohn Company
    公开号:US04588529A1
    公开(公告)日:1986-05-13
    Oxymercuration reaction products (I) and/or mercury contaminated steroids (I) are purified by dissolving the compound in a suitable solvent and contacting with a metal dust selected from zinc, copper or iron and a suitable acid.
    化反应产物(I)和/或受污染的类固醇(I)通过将化合物溶解在适当溶剂中,并与属粉末和适当酸接触来纯化。
  • Haloguanidine compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use
    申请人:ICI Americas Inc.
    公开号:US04362728A1
    公开(公告)日:1982-12-07
    Compounds useful for inhibiting gastric acid secretion and for the treatment of peptic ulcers caused or exacerbated by gastric acidity having the following formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, are H, C.sub.1-10 alkyl, C.sub.3-8 cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl in which the alkyl part is C.sub.1-6 and the cycloalkyl part is C.sub.3-8, each of the alkyl, cycloalkyl and cycloalkylalkyls being optionally substituted by one or more halogens selected from F, Cl and Br, provided that at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 is a halogen substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl and provided that there is no halogen substituent on the carbon directly attached to the nitrogen; and X, m, Y, n and R.sup.3 are as described in the specification; and the pharmaceutically-acceptable acid-addition salts thereof. Processes for producing compounds of formula (I), pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods of utilizing such compositions and intermediates useful for synthesizing compounds of formula (I) are also described.
    用于抑制胃酸分泌和治疗由胃酸引起或加重的消化性溃疡的化合物具有以下结构式(I):##STR1##其中R.sup.1和R.sup.2为H,C.sub.1-10烷基,C.sub.3-8环烷基或环烷基烷基,其中烷基部分为C.sub.1-6,环烷基部分为C.sub.3-8,每个烷基,环烷基和环烷基烷基可选择地被来自F、Cl和Br的一个或多个卤素取代,前提是R.sup.1和R.sup.2中至少有一个是卤素取代的烷基,环烷基或环烷基烷基,并且直接连接到氮的碳上没有卤素取代物;X,m,Y,n和R.sup.3如规范中所述;以及其药用可接受的酸加盐。还描述了制备结构式(I)化合物的方法,含有它们的药物组合物,利用这种组合物的方法以及用于合成结构式(I)化合物的中间体。
  • Substituted aminobenzamides and their use as agents which inhibit
    申请人:Sterling Drug Inc.
    公开号:US04510139A1
    公开(公告)日:1985-04-09
    Novel 2-(hydroxyphenylamino)benzamides and oxidation products thereof, useful as inhibitors of lipoxygenase, are of the formulas ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, lower-alkyl, halo or lower-alkoxy; R' is hydrogen or lower-alkyl; R" is hydrogen, lower-alkyl or halo; and N.dbd.Z is amino or substituted amino. The compounds of Formula I are prepared by de-etherification of the corresponding alkyl or benzyl ethers; and the compounds of Formula II are prepared by oxidation of the compounds of Formula I where R' is hydrogen and OH is in the 4-position.
    Novel 2-(羟基苯胺基)苯甲酰胺及其氧化产物,可用作芦丁氧化酶抑制剂,其化学式如下:##STR1## 其中R为氢、较低烷基、卤素或较低烷氧基;R'为氢或较低烷基;R"为氢、较低烷基或卤素;N.dbd.Z为基或取代基。式I的化合物通过相应的烷基或苄基醚的脱醚制备;式II的化合物通过氧化式I的化合物制备,其中R'为氢且OH位于4位。
  • Compounds and Compositions as Protein Kinase Inhibitors
    申请人:Costales Abran Q.
    公开号:US20110052578A1
    公开(公告)日:2011-03-03
    The present invention provides compounds of Formula I or II: wherein R 1 , R 1b , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are defined herein. The compounds of Formula (I) or (II) and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful for the treatment of B-Raf-associated diseases.
    本发明提供了式I或II的化合物: 其中R1、R1b、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6和R7在此处定义。式(I)或(II)的化合物及其药物组合物对于治疗B-Raf相关疾病是有用的。
  • 9-alpha-hydroxy steroids, process for their preparation, process for the
    申请人:Gist-Brocades N.V.
    公开号:US05352809A1
    公开(公告)日:1994-10-04
    New 9-alphahydroxy steroids are prepared by the introduction of substituents on the D-ring of 9-alpha-hydroxy-androst-4-ene-3,17-dione. The resulting compounds are useful intermediates in the synthesis of corticosteroids.
    新的9-α-羟基类固醇是通过在9-α-羟基雄烯二酮-3,17-二烯的D环上引入取代基而制备的。所得化合物是合成皮质类固醇中有用的中间体。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
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ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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