A new stereospecific synthesis of biologically active 2-substituted ether phospholipids is reported. The synthesis is based upon 1) using D-α,β-isopropylideneglycerol-γ-tosylate to provide the chiral center, 2) introducing the sn-2-thio function by nucleophilic sulfur displacement of the p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl-activated secondary glycerol function, and 3) elaborating the sn-3-phosphorylcholine moiety either by the β-bromoethyl phosphodichloridate-trimethylamine sequence, or via phosphorylation using 2-chloro -2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphospholane followed by nucleophilic ring opening of the phosphotriester with trimethylamine. Through the use of intermediates that became available from the sequence new sn-2-thioacyl and sn-2-thiomethyl ether phospholipids were prepared. The synthetic compounds include chromogenic substrates of phospholipase A2 enzymes, a highly potent antihypertensive ether phospholipid and a structural analogue of antitumor active alkylphosphoglycerides. The synthetic methods developed have a great deal of flexibility providing convenient routes to a wide range of structurally variable ether phospholipids for physicochemical and enzymological studies.
报道了一种
生物活性2-取代醚
磷脂的新立体专一合成方法。该合成基于以下三个步骤:1) 使用D-α,β-异丙叉
甘油-γ-对
甲苯磺酸酯提供手性中心;2) 通过亲核
硫取代反应引入sn-2-
硫功能团,使用激活的次级
甘油功能团的p-
硝基苯磺酰基;3) 通过β-
溴乙基
磷二
氯化物-
三甲胺序列或通过使用2-
氯-2-氧代-1,3,2-二氧
磷杂环戊烷进行
磷酸化,随后用
三甲胺进行亲核环打开反应,来构建sn-3-
磷酰
胆碱部分。通过利用从该序列中获得的中间体,制备了新的sn-2-
硫酰基和sn-2-
硫甲基醚
磷脂。合成的化合物包括
磷脂酶A2酶的显色底物,一种高效降压的醚
磷脂,以及抗癌活性烷基
磷酸甘油酯的结构类似物。开发出的合成方法具有很大的灵活性,为物理
化学和酶学研究提供了一系列结构多变的醚
磷脂的便捷合成途径。