beryllium;dinitrate

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 碱土金属氧阴离子化合物
• 英文名称: beryllium;dinitrate
• 化学式: BeN2O6
• 分子量: 133.02
• InChiKey: RFVVBBUVWAIIBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -0.86
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  126
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  6

ADMET

代谢

铍主要通过肺部被吸收，进入血液后通过结合前白蛋白和γ-球蛋白在体内传输。铍在肺部组织和骨骼中积累，主要通过尿液排出。摄入一定量的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐是人类氮循环的正常部分。在适当的条件下，硝酸盐可以在胃肠系统中转化为亚硝酸盐，显著增强硝酸盐的毒性。硝酸盐的主要代谢途径是转化为亚硝酸盐，然后转化为氨。亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐及其代谢物通过尿液排出。

Beryllium is absorbed mainly through the lungs, where it enters the bloodstream and is transported throughout the body by binding to prealbumins and gamma-globulins. Beryllium accumulates in lung tissue and the skeleton. It is excreted mainly in the urine. Intake of some amount of nitrates and nitrites is a normal part of the nitrogen cycle in humans. In vivo conversion of nitrates to nitrites can occur in the gastrointestional tract under the right conditions, significantly enhancing nitrates' toxic potency. The major metabolic pathway for nitrate is conversion to nitrite, and then to ammonia. Nitrites, nitrates, and their metabolites are excreted in the urine. (L1137, L25)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

一旦进入人体，铍作为半抗原与肺部的人类白细胞抗原（HLA）DP呈递细胞相互作用，并与主要组织相容性（MHC）II类分子物理关联。这种MHC II类-铍-肽复合物被T淋巴细胞受体识别，触发CD4+ T淋巴细胞的激活和增殖。由此产生的炎症反应是一种由细胞因子协调的细胞介导过程，导致（通常是肺部的）肉芽肿形成。铍的毒性可能受到铁储存蛋白铁蛋白的控制，铁蛋白通过结合铍并阻止其与其他酶相互作用来隔离铍。硝酸盐的毒性是由于它进入人体后转化为亚硝酸盐。亚硝酸盐导致氧合血红蛋白的自动催化氧化为过氧化氢和高铁血红蛋白。这种高铁血红蛋白水平的升高是一种称为高铁血红蛋白血症的条件，其特点是组织缺氧，因为高铁血红蛋白不能结合氧气。

Once in the body, beryllium acts as a hapten and interacts with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DP presenting cells in the lungs, becoming physically associated with a major histocompatability (MHC) class II molecule. This MHC class II-beryllium-peptide complex is recognized by the T lymphocyte receptor, triggering CD4+ T lymphocyte activation and proliferation. The resulting inflammatory response is a cell-mediated process orchestrated by cytokines and results in the formation of (usually pulmonary) granulomas. Beryllium's toxicity may be controlled by the iron-storage protein ferritin, which sequesters beryllium by binding it and preventing it from interacting with other enzymes. Nitrate's toxicity is a result of it's conversion to nitrite once in the body. Nitrite causes the autocatalytic oxidation of oxyhemoglobin to hydrogen peroxide and methemoglobin. This elevation of methemoglobin levels is a condition known as methemoglobinemia, and is characterized by tissue hypoxia, as methemoglobin cannot bind oxygen. (A2450, L1613, L25, A37, A91)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

有足够证据证明铍和铍化合物在人类中具有致癌性。铍和铍化合物会导致肺癌。在实验动物中有足够证据证明铍和铍化合物的致癌性。铍和铍化合物对人类具有致癌性（第1组）。/铍和铍化合物/

There is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of beryllium and beryllium compounds. Beryllium and beryllium compounds cause cancer of the lung. There is sufficient evidence in experimental animals for the carcinogenicity of beryllium and beryllium compounds. Beryllium and beryllium compounds are carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). /Beryllium and beryllium compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

A1; 确认的人类致癌物。/铍及其化合物，如Be/

A1; Confirmed human carcinogen. /Beryllium and compounds, as Be/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

铍和铍化合物根据人类研究的充分致癌性证据被认为是对人类有致癌作用的。

Beryllium and beryllium compounds are known to be human carcinogens based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in humans. /Beryllium and compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1, 对人类致癌。

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  beryllium;dinitrate 生成 氧化铍
  参考文献：
  名称：

  HARUTA, MASATAKE;TSUBOTA, SUSUMU;KOBAYASHI, TETSUHIKO;NAKAHARA, YOSHIKO

  摘要：

  DOI：