Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Aggressive airway control may be needed. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Organophosphates and related compounds/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Administer atropine. Correct hypoxia before giving atropine ... . Administer pralidoxime chloride (2 PAM). USE UNDER DIRECT PHYSICIAN ORDERS ONLY ... . Treat seizures with adequate atropinization and correction of hypoxia. Rarely is diazepam necessary ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously and consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organophosphates and related compounds/
Gastrointestinal decontamination. If organophosphate has been ingested in quantities probably sufficient to cause poisoning, consideration should be given to gastrointestinal decontamination ... In significant ingestions, diarrhea and/or vomiting are so constant that charcoal adsorption and catharsis are not indicated. /Organophosphate pesticides/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
医疗监测
有机磷农药
... Workers ... must undergo an annual medical exam at the beginning of each agricultural season. Contraindications for work with organophosphorus pesticides are organic diseases of the CNS , mental disorders & epilepsy, pronounced endocrine & vegetative disorders, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchial asthma, chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases and circulatory disorders, gastrointestinal diseases (peptic ulcer), gastroenterocolitis, diseases of the liver & kidneys, eye diseases (chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis). Blood cholinesterase activity must be determined before work starts. In the event of prolonged work periods, this activity should be determined at intervals of 3-4 days. Persons exhibiting a fall in cholinesterase activity of 25% or more must be transferred to other work where they are not exposed ... until /cholinesterase level/ is completely restored. /Organophosphorus pesticides/
/They/ ... are rapidly absorbed through mucous membrane of digestive system, respiratory system & the skin, and conveyed by the blood to various body tissues. ...The main route of elimination ... /is/ the kidneys. /Organophosphorus pesticides/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
它通过温血动物的皮肤被迅速吸收。
It is absorbed rapidly through the skin of warm blooded animals. ...
Toxicants can be absorbed by inhalation, ingestion, and skin penetration. ... All undergo hydrolytic degradation in liver and other tissues, usually within hr of absorption. Degradation products are of low toxicity, and are excreted in urine and feces. /Organophosphate cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
文献信息
Curable compositions and process for preparing a cured composition
申请人：SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH
MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V.
公开号：EP0077096A2
公开（公告）日：1983-04-20
The invention provides curable compositions comprising (1) 100 part by weight of an epoxy compound containing at least one vicinal epoxy group, (2) from 1 to 25 parts by weight of a saturated poly(alkyl acrylate) having a molecular weight of less than 10,000 and a carboxyl functionality greater than 1.15 and (3) a curing amount of an epoxy curing agent, which compositions may be cured by application of heat.
The composition may be used as adhesives, surface coatings, in preparing laminates, in castings, and in encapsulation of electrical equipment.
Methods and compositions are disclosed which entail the use of epoxy resins for absorbing moisture when moisture constraints are present. The moisture absorbing compositions include a curable epoxy resin, a curing agent, and an anhydride of a carboxylic acid, the latter in one instance being present in an amount sufficient both to cure the resin and to absorb the moisture. Alternatively, the anhydride moisture absorber is employed with a separate curing agent for the resin. Methods of protecting moisture- sensitive articles employ such compositions as adhesives or coatings, and the invention has particular utility in electronic device packaging.
Latent catalysts, cure-inhibited epoxy resin compositions and laminates prepared therefrom
申请人：THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
公开号：EP0458502A2
公开（公告）日：1991-11-27
In summary, the application is related to the discovery of a class of compounds which comprises boric acid or maleic acid or a mixture of boric acid with at least one acid having a weak nucleophilic anion, which inhibits the reaction of a polyepoxide with a curing agent at low temperatures. In another embodiment the application is a latent catalyst system adapted for curing a polyepoxide resulting from contacting I) a catalyst for the cure of a polyepoxide compound comprising an amine, heterocyclic nitrogen phosphine, sulfide, phosphine, sulfide, ammonium, phosphonium, sulfonium, arsonium, containing compound or a mixture thereof; with II) boric acid, or a mixture of boric acid with at least an acid having a weak nucleophilic anion. Further the application relates to epoxy resin compositions containing the inhibitor or latent catalytic composition. In still another embodiment the application relates to a composition useful for curing a polyepoxide which contains: A) an inhibiting amount of boric acid or maleic acid or a mixture of boric acid with at least one acid having a weak nucleophilic anion; and optionally B) a catalytic amount of a catalyst useful for accelerating the reaction of a polyepoxide with the curing agent, wherein the inhibitor and catalyst may be present in complex form.
总之，本申请涉及一类化合物的发现，该化合物由硼酸或马来酸或硼酸与至少一种具有弱亲核阴离子的酸的混合物组成，在低温下可抑制聚环氧化物与固化剂的反应。在另一个实施方案中，本申请涉及一种潜伏催化剂系统，该系统适用于固化聚环氧乙烷，该固化聚环氧乙烷化合物的催化剂包括胺、杂环含氮膦、硫化物、膦、硫化物、铵、鏻、锍、胂、含化合物或其混合物；与 I) 硼酸或硼酸与至少一种具有弱亲核阴离子的酸的混合物接触后产生的聚环氧乙烷。此外，本申请还涉及含有抑制剂或潜在催化成分的环氧树脂组合物。在另一个实施方案中，本申请涉及一种用于固化聚环氧树脂的组合物，该组合物含有A) 抑制量的硼酸或马来酸或硼酸与至少一种具有弱亲核阴离子的酸的混合物；以及 B) 催化量的催化剂，用于加速聚环氧化物与固化剂的反应，其中抑制剂和催化剂可以复合物形式存在。
Stable amine advanced epoxy resin compositions
申请人：THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY
公开号：EP0496163A1
公开（公告）日：1992-07-29
The invention is an advanced epoxy resin comprising the reaction product of a reaction mixture comprising: A. a polyepoxide; B. a sterically hindered amine an advancement agent which corresponds to one of Formulas 1 or 2 described hereinafter; C. optionally, a catalyst for the reaction of the polyepoxide with the advancement agent; D. and optionally, a dihydroxy hydrocarbon, or a halogenated dihydroxy hydrocarbon.
In another embodiment the invention is a water dispersed amine advanced epoxy resin comprising
i). the reaction product of A. a polyepoxide, B. an amine advancement agent corresponding to Formulas 1, 2 or 17, C. optionally, a catalyst for the reaction of the polyepoxide with the advancement agent; D. and optionally, a dihydroxy hydrocarbon, or a halogenated dihydroxy hydrocarbon.
ii) a dispersant,
iii) optionally, a coupling solvent; and
iv) water.
In another embodiment the invention is a process for preparing the amine advanced epoxy resins of this invention in a water dispersion.
本发明是一种高级环氧树脂，其反应混合物的反应产物包括A. 一种聚环氧化物； B. 一种立体受阻胺，一种符合下文所述式 1 或式 2 之一的促进剂； C. 任选地，一种用于聚环氧化物与促进剂反应的催化剂； D. 和任选地，一种二羟基烃，或一种卤代二羟基烃。
在另一个实施方案中，本发明是一种水分散胺高级环氧树脂，包括
A. 聚环氧化物，B. 与式 1、2 或 17 相对应的胺促进剂，C. 聚环氧化物与促进剂反应的催化剂，D. 二羟基烃或卤代二羟基烃的反应产物。
ii) 一种分散剂、
iii) 偶联溶剂；以及
iv) 水。
在另一个实施方案中，本发明是一种制备本发明胺高级环氧树脂水分散体的工艺。
