The Vilsmeier reagent derived from N-formylmorpholine produces chlorothioformates from primary and secondary alkyl xanthates. The major side products are the corresponding alkyl chlorides. Secondary alkyl chlorothioformates give lower yields due to their instability. Treating xanthates with other common chlorinating agents (oxalyl chloride, thionyl chloride) gives only dialkyl thiodicarbonates.
由N-甲酰基吗啉衍生的Vilsmeier试剂能从一烷基和二烷基黄原酸盐生成
氯硫碳酸酯,主要副产品是相应的烷基
氯。二烷基
氯硫碳酸酯产率较低,因其不稳定性所致。用其他常见
氯化剂(
草酰氯、亚
硫酰氯)处理黄原酸盐只能得到二烷基
硫代
碳酸酯。