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硒化汞 | 20601-83-6

中文名称
硒化汞
中文别名
——
英文名称
Mercury;selenium
英文别名
mercury;selenium
硒化汞化学式
CAS
20601-83-6
化学式
HgSe
mdl
——
分子量
279.56
InChiKey
YQMLDSWXEQOSPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    subl.
  • 密度:
    8.27 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
  • 溶解度:
    不溶于水
  • 暴露限值:
    ACGIH: TWA 0.025 mg/m3; TWA 0.2 mg/m3 (Skin)NIOSH: IDLH 10 mg/m3; IDLH 1 mg/m3; TWA 0.05 mg/m3; TWA 0.2 mg/m3; Ceiling 0.1 mg/m3
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    如果遵照规格使用和储存,则不会分解。应避免接触氧化物、酸。在氮、二氧化碳气氛中或真空条件下加热至600℃时,该物质会升华,升华后的产物呈紫黑色。它不溶于水,但可溶解于硒氢酸铵溶液中。

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -0.38
  • 重原子数:
    2
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    0
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    0

ADMET

毒理性
  • 副作用
神经毒素 - 感觉运动 肾毒素 - 该化学品在职业环境中可能对肾脏有毒。 生殖毒素 - 对生殖系统有毒的化学品,包括后代缺陷以及损害男性或女性生殖功能。生殖毒性包括发育效应。参见生殖毒性风险评估指南。 ACGIH致癌物 - 无法分类。
Neurotoxin - Sensorimotor Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting. Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment. ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

安全信息

  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    6.1
  • 危险品标志:
    T
  • 安全说明:
    S22,S26,S36/37/39,S45
  • 危险类别码:
    R33,R23/24/25,R36/37/38
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 2025 6.1/PG 2
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 危险类别:
    6.1

SDS

SDS:995997e3bfe0478fc7ead74f87ef6991
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Section 1: Product Identification
Chemical Name: Mercury (II) selenide (99.99%-Hg) PURATREM
CAS Registry Number: 20601-83-6
Formula: HgSe
EINECS Number: 243-910-5
Chemical Family: metal chalcogenides
Synonym: Mercuric selenide

Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Ingredient CAS Number Percent ACGIH (TWA) OSHA (PEL)
Title Compound 20601-83-6 100% 0.025mg/m3 0.1mg/m3

Section 3: Hazards Identification
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Possible risk of harm to the unborn child and
Emergency Overview:
impaired fertility. Danger of cumulative effects.
Primary Routes of Exposure: Ingestion, Skin, inhalation of dust.
Eye Contact: May cause mild to severe irritation of the eyes. May deposit mercury in the lens of the eye.
Skin Contact: May cause mild to severe irritation of the skin. Toxic in contact with skin.
Toxic by inhalation. Dust may cause severe respiratory and gastrointestinal distress and may damage the
Inhalation:
central nervous system.
Toxic if swallowed. Lack of appetite, abdominal cramps, vomiting, kidney failure, paralysis. Mercury bonds to
Ingestion:
thiol groups of protein.
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. Possible risk of harm to the unborn child. Danger of
Acute Health Affects:
cumulative effects.
The chronic effects of mercury poisoning include stomatitis, tremors, psychic disturbances, excessive
Chronic Health Affects: salivation, dermatitis, and pain on chewing. Other effects include loss of memory, insomnia, irritability and
depression, speech and gait impairment. May impair fertility.
NTP: No
IARC: No
OSHA: No

SECTION 4: First Aid Measures
Immediately flush the eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 10-15 minutes. A victim may need
Eye Exposure:
assistance in keeping their eye lids open. Get immediate medical attention.
Wash the affected area with water. Remove contaminated clothes if necessary. Seek medical assistance if
Skin Exposure:
irritation persists.
Remove the victim to fresh air. Closely monitor the victim for signs of respiratory problems, such as difficulty
Inhalation:
in breathing, coughing, wheezing, or pain. In such cases seek immediate medical assistance.
Seek medical attention immediately. Keep the victim calm. Give the victim water (only if conscious). Induce
Ingestion:
vomiting only if directed by medical personnel.

SECTION 5: Fire Fighting Measures
Flash Point: no data
Autoignition Temperature: none
Explosion Limits: none
Extinguishing Medium: carbon dioxide, foam or dry powder
If this product is involved in a fire, fire fighters should be equipped with a NIOSH approved positive pressure
Special Fire Fighting Procedures:
self- contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.
Hazardous Combustion and If involved in a fire this material may emit toxic fumes containing mercury.
Decomposion Products:
Unusual Fire or Explosion Hazards: No unusual fire or explosion hazards.

SECTION 6: Accidental Release Measures
Small spills can be mixed with vermiculite, sodium carbonate or other suitable non combustible adsorbent and
Spill and Leak Procedures:
swept up.

SECTION 7: Handling and Storage
Handling and Storage: Store in a cool, dry place in a tightly sealed container.

SECTION 8: Exposure Controls and Personal Protection
Eye Protection: Always wear approved safety glasses when handling a chemical substance in the laboratory.
Skin Protection: Wear protective clothing and gloves.
Ventilation: Material may form a fine dust. If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
If ventilation is not available a respirator should be worn. The use of respirators requires a Respirator
Respirator:
Protection Program to be in compliance with 29 CFR 1910.134.
Ventilation: Material may form a fine dust. If possible, handle the material in an efficient fume hood.
Additional Protection: No additional protection required.

SECTION 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Color and Form: gray pwdr.
Molecular Weight: 279.55
Melting Point: no data
Boiling Point: no data
Vapor Pressure: no data
Specific Gravity: no data
Odor: none
Solubility in Water: insoluble

SECTION 10: Stability and Reactivity
Stability: air and moisture stable
Hazardous Polymerization: no hazardous polymerization
Conditions to Avoid: none
Incompatibility: azides, fulminates, active metals, and strong oxidizing agents.
Decomposition Products: mercury and selenium fumes

SECTION 11: Toxicological Information
RTECS Data: No information available in the RTECS files.
Carcinogenic Effects: No data
Mutagenic Effects: No data
Tetratogenic Effects: No data

SECTION 12: Ecological Information
Avoid release to the environment. Very toxic to aquatic organisms May cause long-term adverse effects in the
Ecological Information:
aquatic environment.

SECTION 13: Disposal Considerations
Disposal: Dispose of according to local, state and federal regulations.

SECTION 14: Transportation
Shipping Name (CFR): Mercury compounds, solid, N.O.S.
Hazard Class (CFR): 6.1
Additional Hazard Class (CFR): NA
Packaging Group (CFR): II
UN ID Number (CFR): UN# 2025
Shipping Name (IATA): Mercury compound, solid, N.O.S.
Hazard Class (IATA): 6.1
Additional Hazard Class (IATA): NA
Packaging Group (IATA): II
UN ID Number (IATA): UN# 2025

SECTION 15: Regulatory Information
TSCA: Listed in the TSCA inventory.
SARA (Title 313): Title compound: See category codes N458 and N725 for reporting.
Second Ingredient: None


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A


制备方法与用途

概述

硒化汞(HgSe)是一种具有灰黑色正方晶体结构的有毒物质,其分子量为279.55。该化合物在氮、二氧化碳气氛中或真空加热至约600℃时升华,升华物呈现紫黑色。它不溶于水但可溶解于硒氢酸铵溶液中。

硒化汞可通过以下方法制备:

  1. 在隔绝空气的条件下,将稀HgCl2溶液逐滴滴加到饱和硒化氢(H2Se)溶液中,即可得到HgSe沉淀产物。注意控制HgCl2不过量,并避免使用高浓度溶液以防止生成HgCl2·2HgSe沉淀。
  2. 按照化学计量比将HgCl2加入强氨性的NaCN溶液中,然后加入等物质量的SeO2。反应后过滤,通入SO2气体,并保持溶液碱性状态以避免红色硒沉淀析出。通过检测SO2吸收速率来判断反应终点。反应结束后,抽滤黑色的HgSe产物并用含氨的稀NaCN溶液清洗,随后用水清洗干净,在装有P2O5干燥器中干燥。
  3. 按化学计量比将汞(Hg)和硒(Se)置于密封高压容器内,并在550~600℃下加热反应。产物再于600~650℃纯氮气流中升华提纯,即可得到纯净的HgSe。

这种半导体材料被广泛应用于制造太阳能电池、薄膜晶体管、红外检波器和超声放大器等。

应用

硒化汞作为一种半金属材料,在多领域有着广泛应用。除了前述用途外,它还用于制作霍尔效应高灵敏度薄膜及分析试剂。值得注意的是,目前尚未有专利或文献报道将HgSe作为光催化剂用于降解染料污染物的研究。

生产方法

以下是几种制备硒化汞的方法:

  1. 在惰性气氛下,将稀释的氯化汞(HgCl2)溶液滴加到饱和硒化氢(H2Se)水溶液中,得到沉淀产物。注意控制HgCl2用量和浓度。
  2. 按照化学计量比将HgCl2加入强氨性的氰化钠(NaCN)溶液中,随后添加等量的二氧化硒(SeO2)。反应后过滤,并通入二氧化硫(SO2),保持碱性环境以防止硒沉淀。通过观察SO2吸收速率变化来确定终点。最后洗涤、清洗并干燥产物。
  3. 将汞和硒按化学计量比放入密封高压容器中,在550~600℃下进行反应,然后在600~650℃的纯氮气流中升华提纯,可获得高纯度HgSe产品。

反应信息

  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    POEHKOB, N. D.
    摘要:
    DOI:
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文献信息

  • POEHKOB, N. D.
    作者:POEHKOB, N. D.
    DOI:——
    日期:——
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