Novel, highly effective catalyst compositions are described in which a low cost co-catalyst can be employed at very low aluminum loadings. Such compounds are composed of a cation derived from d-block or f-block metal compound, such as a metallocene, by loss of a leaving group, and an aluminoxate anion derived by transfer of a proton from a stable or metastable hydroxyaluminoxane to such leaving group. These catalyst compositions have extremely high catalytic activity and typically have high solubility in paraffinic solvents. Moreover they yield reduced levels of ash and result in improved clarity in polymers formed from such catalysts. Surprisingly, when isolated and stored, and optionally purified, under anhydrous inert conditions and surroundings, the catalyst compounds are more stable than if kept in solution. Thus these catalyst compounds can be stored, shipped, and used under inert anhydrous conditions as preformed catalysts thus simplifying the polymerization operations. Substantial benefits are also realized by forming, and by using in the formation of activated catalysts, a hydroxyaluminoxane supported on a catalyst support or carrier.
本文描述了一种新型高效催化剂组合物,其中可以以非常低的铝负载使用低成本的辅助催化剂。这些化合物由d块或f块
金属化合物衍生的阳离子组成,例如
金属茂,通过失去一个离去基团,以及由稳定或亚稳定的羟基铝氧烷向这样的离去基团转移质子而得到的铝氧烷阴离子。这些催化剂组合物具有极高的催化活性,通常在
烷烃溶剂中具有高溶解度。此外,它们产生的灰分含量降低,并且形成的聚合物具有更好的透明度。令人惊讶的是,当在无
水惰性条件和环境下隔离、储存和选择性纯化时,催化剂化合物比在溶液中保存更加稳定。因此,这些催化剂化合物可以在惰性无
水条件下作为预制催化剂储存、运输和使用,从而简化聚合操作。通过在催化剂载体上支持羟基铝氧烷形成激活催化剂,也可以实现实质性的好处。