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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 原料药 抗生素类药物 林可胺类药

    林可胺类药

    药物分类

    该类药物包括林可霉素及其半合成衍生物克林霉素两个品种。

    作用机制

    林可霉素类主要作用于细菌核糖体的50S亚基，通过抑制肽链延长干扰细菌蛋白质合成，属于生长期抑菌剂。其抗菌谱与红霉素相似但较窄，主要包括：

    • 革兰阳性菌：包括葡萄球菌属（包括耐青霉素株）、链球菌属、白喉杆菌和炭疽杆菌等。
    • 厌氧菌：如脆弱拟杆菌、梭杆菌属、消化球菌、消化链球菌以及产气荚膜杆菌等。
    • 革兰阴性需氧菌，如流感嗜血杆菌、奈瑟菌属及支原体属均对其耐药。

    细菌对林可霉素与克林霉素之间存在完全交叉耐药性，而与红霉素间则有部分交叉耐药性。

    临床应用

    这类药物主要用于治疗由厌氧菌和革兰阳性球菌引起的感染，如肺炎、心内膜炎、蜂窝织炎、丹毒及泌尿系统感染等。特别适用于治疗因厌氧菌引起的各种感染以及金黄色葡萄球菌性骨髓炎的首选治疗药。

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    盐酸林可霉素(一水物) lincomycin hydrochloride hydrate 7179-49-9 C18H34N2O6S*ClH*2H2O
    盐酸林可霉素(一水物)
    盐酸林可霉素 lincomycin hydrochloride 859-18-7 C18H34N2O6S*ClH
    盐酸林可霉素
    盐酸克林霉素 clindamycin hydrochloride 21462-39-5 C18H33ClN2O5S*ClH
    盐酸克林霉素
    棕榈氯林可霉素盐酸盐 clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride 25507-04-4 C34H63ClN2O6S*ClH
    棕榈氯林可霉素盐酸盐
    林可霉素 lincomycin 17017-22-0 C18H34N2O6S
    林可霉素
    林可霉素 lincomycin 154-21-2 C18H34N2O6S
    林可霉素
    克林霉素磷酸酯 clindamycin phosphate 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    克林霉素磷酸酯
    克林霉素 clindamycin 18323-44-9 C18H33ClN2O5S
    克林霉素
    —— [6-[2-chloro-1-[[(2S,4R)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    [6-[2-chloro-1-[[(2S,4R)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate
    —— Cleocin 21462-39-5 C18H34Cl2N2O5S
    Cleocin
    —— (2S,4R)-N-[(1S,2S)-2-Hydroxy-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride 859-18-7 C18H35ClN2O6S
    (2S,4R)-N-[(1S,2S)-2-Hydroxy-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride
    —— (2S,4R)-N-[2-chloro-1-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride 21462-39-5 C18H34Cl2N2O5S
    (2S,4R)-N-[2-chloro-1-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride
    —— (2S,4R)-N-[2-hydroxy-1-[(3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride 859-18-7 C18H35ClN2O6S
    (2S,4R)-N-[2-hydroxy-1-[(3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride
    —— [(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-6-[(1R)-2-chloro-1-[[(2R,4S)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    [(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-6-[(1R)-2-chloro-1-[[(2R,4S)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate
    —— Cleocin HCL Monohydrate 21462-39-5 C18H34Cl2N2O5S
    Cleocin HCL Monohydrate
    —— [(4S,5R)-6-[2-chloro-1-[[(2S,4R)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    [(4S,5R)-6-[2-chloro-1-[[(2S,4R)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate
    —— Pharmakon1600-01505470 25507-04-4 C34H64Cl2N2O6S
    Pharmakon1600-01505470
    —— [(2R,3R,4S,5R)-6-[2-chloro-1-[[(2S)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] hexadecanoate;hydrochloride 25507-04-4 C34H64Cl2N2O6S
    [(2R,3R,4S,5R)-6-[2-chloro-1-[[(2S)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] hexadecanoate;hydrochloride
    —— (2S,4R)-N-[2-hydroxy-1-[(3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride 859-18-7 C18H35ClN2O6S
    (2S,4R)-N-[2-hydroxy-1-[(3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride
    —— (2S,4R)-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-[(2R,3R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methylsulfanyl)oxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide hydrochloride 859-18-7 C18H35ClN2O6S
    (2S,4R)-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-[(2R,3R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methylsulfanyl)oxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide hydrochloride
    —— [(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-6-[(1R,2R)-2-chloro-1-[[(2R,4S)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    [(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-6-[(1R,2R)-2-chloro-1-[[(2R,4S)-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate
    —— (4R)-N-[(1S,2S)-2-chloro-1-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride 21462-39-5 C18H34Cl2N2O5S
    (4R)-N-[(1S,2S)-2-chloro-1-[(3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methylsulfanyloxan-2-yl]propyl]-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride
    —— N-Demethyllincomycin 2256-16-8 C17H32N2O6S
    N-Demethyllincomycin
    —— Lincocin 859-18-7 C18H35ClN2O6S
    Lincocin
    —— lincomycin 154-21-2 C18H34N2O6S
    lincomycin
    —— lincomycin hydrochloride 859-18-7 C18H34N2O6S*ClH
    lincomycin hydrochloride
    —— Clindamycin-2-palmitat-hydrochlorid 25507-04-4 C34H63ClN2O6S*ClH
    Clindamycin-2-palmitat-hydrochlorid
    —— (2S,4R)-N-{2-chloro-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methylsulfanyl)-5-(phosphonooxy)oxan-2-yl]propyl}-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    (2S,4R)-N-{2-chloro-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methylsulfanyl)-5-(phosphonooxy)oxan-2-yl]propyl}-1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboximidic acid
    —— Clindamycin-2-phosphat 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    Clindamycin-2-phosphat
    —— [6-[2-Chloro-1-[(1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate 24729-96-2 C18H34ClN2O8PS
    [6-[2-Chloro-1-[(1-methyl-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)amino]propyl]-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methylsulfanyloxan-3-yl] dihydrogen phosphate
    —— (2S,4R)-N-((1R,2R)-2-Hydroxy-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)propyl)-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide 2256-16-8 C17H32N2O6S
    (2S,4R)-N-((1R,2R)-2-Hydroxy-1-((2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(methylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)propyl)-4-propylpyrrolidine-2-carboxamide