毒理性
钋发出的阿尔法辐射不能穿透皮肤,但当钋被吸入或摄入时,可以照射到内部器官。钚产生的电离辐射会导致细胞损伤,包括DNA断裂、准确或不准确的修复、细胞凋亡、基因突变、染色体改变和遗传不稳定。这导致正常细胞和组织的稳态丧失,以及恶性肿瘤的发展。不直接损害DNA的电离辐射可以产生反应性氧中间体,这些中间体直接影响细胞周期调节中一个重要酶p53的稳定性,并通过对DNA中单个碱基的氧化损伤以及在DNA复制期间配对错误而产生点突变。(L1837, L1842)
The alpha radiation polonium emits does not penetrate the skin but can irradiate internal organs when polonium is inhaled or ingested. The ionizing radiation produced by plutonium causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (L1837, L1842)
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)