氡220 | 22481-48-7

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 均质非金属化合物 - 均质惰性气体
• 中文名称: 氡220
• 英文名称: Radon-220
• CAS: 22481-48-7
• 化学式: Rn
• 分子量: 220.01139
• InChiKey: SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-YPZZEJLDSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.0
• 重原子数：
  1
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

代谢

氡的暴露可能来自吸入或皮肤接触。如果溶解在水中，它也可以通过摄入进入人体。氡主要分布到脂肪中。它不被代谢，可能会通过尿液、粪便或呼出的空气排出。

Exposure to radon can occur from inhalation or dermal contact. It can also enter the body via ingestion if dissolved in water. Radon distributes mainly to the fat. It is not metabolized and may be eliminated in the urine, faeces, or expired air. (L1836)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

氡产生的电离辐射会引起细胞损伤，包括DNA断裂、准确或不准确的修复、细胞凋亡、基因突变、染色体改变和遗传不稳定。这导致正常细胞和组织的稳态丧失，以及恶性肿瘤的发展。不直接损伤DNA的电离辐射可以产生反应性氧中间体，这些中间体直接影响p53的稳定性，p53是细胞周期调节中重要的酶，并通过DNA复制过程中的错配产生DNA单个碱基的氧化损伤和点突变。

The ionizing radiation produced by radon causes cellular damage that includes DNA breakage, accurate or inaccurate repair, apoptosis, gene mutations, chromosomal change, and genetic instability. This leads to loss of normal cell and tissue homeostasis, and development of malignancy. Ionizing radiation that does not directly damage DNA can produce reactive oxygen intermediates that directly affect the stability of p53, an important enzyme in cell-cycle regulation, and produce oxidative damage to individual bases in DNA and point mutations by mispairing during DNA replication. (L1836)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1, 对人类致癌。

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

氡是公众接触电离辐射平均水平的最大来源。由于其放射性，吸入高浓度的氡会导致肺癌。根据美国环境保护署的数据，氡可能是继吸烟之后导致肺癌的第二大常见原因；由氡引发的肺癌在所有癌症死因中排名第六，在美国每年导致21,000人死于肺癌。

Radon is responsible for the majority of the mean public exposure to ionizing radiations. Due to it's radioactivity, breathing high concentrations of radon can cause lung cancer. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, radon could be the second most frequent cause of lung cancer, after cigarette smoking; and radon-induced lung cancer the 6th leading cause of cancer death overall, causing 21,000 lung cancer deaths per year in the United States. (L1075)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

口服（L1836）；吸入（L1836）；皮肤给药（L1836）

Oral (L1836) ; Inhalation (L1836) ;Dermal (L1836)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

暴露在高剂量的电离辐射下会导致急性辐射综合症，可能引起皮肤烧伤、脱发、恶心、呕吐、眩晕、定向障碍、低血压、头痛、疲劳、虚弱、发热、出生缺陷、疾病、感染甚至死亡。

Exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation results in acute radiation syndrome, which can cause skin burns, hair loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, disorientation, low blood pressure, headache, fatigue, weakness, fever, birth defects, illness, infection, and death. (L1837, L1852)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)