10−5. The partition results are in accord with these conclusions, and indicate also the formation of HCl·TBP, HNO3·TBP, H2SO4·TBP, and HClO4·TBP; perchloric acid appears moreover to yield higher solvates in addition to the mono-solvate. The water content of the TBP phase increases with acid concentration in all cases except that of HNO3, and this may help to explain certain differences in viscosity
研究了
磷酸三正丁酯(
TBP)从
水溶液中萃取HCl,HNO 2,H 2 SO 4,HClO 4和HF的物理
化学。电导率和粘度测量表明,HClO 4是
TBP中的强电解质,但其他酸仅在有限的程度上离子化;HCl,HNO 2和H 2 SO 4(第一次离解)的电离常数均约等于9×10 -5。分配结果与这些结论相符,并表明了HCl·
TBP,HNO 3 ·
TBP,H 2 SO 4的形成。·
TBP和HClO 4 ·
TBP;除单溶剂化物外,
高氯酸似乎还产生更高的溶剂化物。除了HNO 3以外,在所有情况下,
TBP相的含
水量均随酸浓度的增加而增加,这可能有助于解释在高酸度下出现的粘度和电导率的某些差异。