多烯类抗真菌药是临床广泛选用的一类抗生素,主要用于治疗真菌感染。这类药物的作用机制在于与真菌细胞膜中的麦角固醇结合,干扰代谢过程,并增加细胞膜的通透性,最终导致细胞死亡。
按照结构不同,多烯类抗真菌药可以分为以下几类:
此外,还包含一些通过化学方法合成的抗真菌化合物。这些化合物与临床上常用的抗真菌药物在化学结构上完全不同。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
---|---|---|---|---|
金褐霉素 | Aureofuscin | 58194-38-0 | C16H19N5O9 |
|
美帕曲星 | Methyl (19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,7,9,13,37-heptahydroxy-17-[5-hydroxy-7-[4-(methylamino)phenyl]-7-oxoheptan-2-yl]-18-methyl-11,15-dioxo-16,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylate | 11121-32-7 | C60H88N2O19 |
|
曲古霉素 | Trichomycin | 1394-02-1 | C116H168N4O36 |
|
夫沙芬净 | Fusafungine | 1393-87-9 | C33H57N3O9 |
|
制霉菌素 | nystatin | 34786-70-4 | C47H75NO17 |
|
制霉菌素 | 33-(4-Amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
两性霉素B | (1R,3S,5R,6R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 30652-87-0 | C47H73NO17 |
|
两性霉素B | AmBisome | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|
—— | Pharmakon1600-01500122 | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|
—— | nystatine A1 | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (1S,15S,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-Amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (1S,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (1S,3R,4R,7R,11R,15S,16S,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-[(2R,3S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (1R,3R,5S,6S,9S,11S,15S,16S,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-[(3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|
—— | (1S,3R,4R,7R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,36R,37S)-33-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | Mepartricin | 11121-32-7 | C60H88N2O19 |
|
—— | Nystatin (Fungicidin) | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (1S,3S,5R,6R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,35S,36R,37S)-33-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|
—— | (1S)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (1R,35R)-33-(4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|
—— | Fostriecin | 87860-39-7 | C19H26O9P*Na |
|
—— | nystatin A<sub>1</sub> | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | amphotericin B | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|
—— | (15S,16R,17R,18S,19E,21E,23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33R,37S)-33-[(4R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,5,6,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,23,25,27,29,31-heptaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|
—— | (1R,15R,16S,17S,18R,19E,21Z,25E,27E,29E,31E)-33-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (18S,19R,21S,35S)-3-[[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxanyl]oxy]-19,25,27,29,32,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10,14,16-hexaene-38-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | (1S,3R,4R,7R,9R,11R,15S,16R,17R,18S,33R,36R,37S)-33-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | nystatin A1 | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | Nystatin A1 | 34786-70-4 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | nystatin | 1400-61-9 | C47H75NO17 |
|
—— | Ambisome | 1397-89-3 | C47H73NO17 |
|