Beryllium hydride [MI]

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 各种混合金属/非金属
• 英文名称: Beryllium hydride [MI]
• 英文别名: beryllium;hydride
• 化学式: BeH2
• 分子量: 11.028
• InChiKey: NCSRVYQXJFODNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -0.16
• 重原子数：
  1
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

ADMET

代谢

铍主要通过肺部被吸收，进入血液后通过结合前白蛋白和γ-球蛋白在体内传输。铍在肺部组织和骨骼中积累，主要通过尿液排出体外。

Beryllium is absorbed mainly through the lungs, where it enters the bloodstream and is transported throughout the body by binding to prealbumins and gamma-globulins. Beryllium accumulates in lung tissue and the skeleton. It is excreted mainly in the urine. (L25)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 毒性总结

一旦进入人体，铍作为半抗原与肺部的人类白细胞抗原（HLA）DP呈递细胞相互作用，并与主要组织相容性（MHC）II类分子物理关联。这种MHC II类-铍-肽复合物被T淋巴细胞受体识别，触发CD4+ T淋巴细胞的激活和增殖。由此产生的炎症反应是一种由细胞因子协调的细胞介导过程，导致（通常是肺部的）肉芽肿形成。铍的毒性可能受到铁储存蛋白铁蛋白的控制，后者通过结合铍并阻止其与其他酶相互作用来隔离铍。(L25, A37, A91)

Once in the body, beryllium acts as a hapten and interacts with human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DP presenting cells in the lungs, becoming physically associated with a major histocompatability (MHC) class II molecule. This MHC class II-beryllium-peptide complex is recognized by the T lymphocyte receptor, triggering CD4+ T lymphocyte activation and proliferation. The resulting inflammatory response is a cell-mediated process orchestrated by cytokines and results in the formation of (usually pulmonary) granulomas. Beryllium's toxicity may be controlled by the iron-storage protein ferritin, which sequesters beryllium by binding it and preventing it from interacting with other enzymes. (L25, A37, A91)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 致癌物分类

1, 对人类致癌。

1, carcinogenic to humans. (L135)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

急性吸入高水平铍可以导致一种类似肺炎的状况，称为急性铍病。慢性吸入铍会在呼吸系统引起炎症反应，称为慢性铍病。慢性铍病可能导致厌食和体重减轻，以及在晚期病例中右心室扩大和心脏病。慢性暴露还可能增加肺癌的风险。皮肤接触铍会导致接触性皮炎。

Acute inhalation of a high level of beryllium can result in a pneumonia-like condition called acute beryllium disease. Chronic inhalation of beryllium can cause an inflammatory reaction in the respiratory system called chronic beryllium disease. Chronic beryllium disease may result in anorexia and weight loss, as well as right side heart enlargement and heart disease in advanced cases. Chronic exposure can also increase the risk of lung cancer. Skin contact with beryllium results in contact dermatitus. (L24, L25)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

吸入 (L24)

Inhalation (L24)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)

毒理性

• 症状

慢性铍病会导致疲劳、虚弱、呼吸困难和持续干咳。

Chronic beryllium disease causes fatigue, weakness, difficulty breathing, and a persistent dry cough. (L24, L25)

来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)