Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Reductive Cleavage of Inert C–O Bonds with Silanes: Ruling out a Classical Ni(0)/Ni(II) Catalytic Couple and Evidence for Ni(I) Intermediates
摘要:
A mechanistic and computational study on the reductive cleavage of C-OMe bonds catalyzed by Ni(COD)(2)/PCy3 with silanes as reducing agents is reported herein. Specifically, we demonstrate that the mechanism for this transformation does not proceed via oxidative addition of the Ni(0) precatalyst into the C-OMe bond. In the absence of an external reducing agent, the in-situ-generated oxidative addition complexes rapidly undergo beta-hydride elimination at room temperature, ultimately leading to either Ni(0)-carbonyl- or Ni(0)-aldehyde-bound complexes. Characterization of these complexes by X-ray crystallography unambiguously suggested a different mechanistic scenario when silanes are present in the reaction media. Isotopic-labeling experiments, kinetic isotope effects, and computational studies clearly reinforced this perception. Additionally, we also found that water has a deleterious effect by deactivating the Ni catalyst via formation of a new Ni-bridged hydroxo species that was characterized by X-ray crystallography. The order in each component was determined by plotting the initial rates of the C-OMe bond cleavage at varying concentrations. These data together with the in-situ-monitoring experiments by H-1 NMR, EPR, IR spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations provided a mechanistic picture that involves Ni(I) as the key reaction intermediates, which are generated via comproportionation of initially formed Ni(II) species. This study strongly supports that a classical Ni(0)/Ni(II) for C-OMe bond cleavage is not operating, thus opening up new perspectives to be implemented in other related C-O bond-cleavage reactions.
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作者:Alexandra Hicken、Andrew J. P. White、Mark R. Crimmin
DOI:10.1002/anie.201709072
日期:2017.11.20
A series of heterobimetalliccomplexes containing three‐center, two‐electron Au−H−Cu bonds have been prepared from addition of a parent gold hydride to a bent d10 copper(I) fragment. These highly unusual heterobimetalliccomplexes represent a missing link in the widely investigated series of neutral and cationic coinage metal hydride complexes containing Cu−H−Cu and M−H−M+ moieties (M=Cu, Ag). The
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作者:Quanyou Feng、Rong Tong
DOI:10.1021/jacs.7b01462
日期:2017.5.3
Poly(α-hydroxyacids) are important biodegradable polymers with wide applications. Attempts to synthesize them from O-carboxyanhydrides with pendant functional groups by various methods, including methods involving organocatalysts or organometallics, have been plagued by uncontrolled polymerization, including epimerization for some monomers, which hampers the preparation of stereoregular high-molecular-weight