硼砂

• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 碱金属含氧阴离子化合物
• 中文名称: 硼砂
• 中文别名: 四硼酸钠；四硼酸钠，十水；四硼酸钠(十水)；四硼酸钠,十水；四硼酸钠,十水合物；月石砂；黄月砂；硼砂(电容器级)；硼砂(药用)；硼酸钠；十水四硼酸钠
• 英文名称: Boraxdecahydrate
• 英文别名: disodium;2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,5-dibora-3,7-diboranuidabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane 3,7-dioxide;decahydrate
• 化学式: B4H20Na2O17
• 分子量: 381.4
• InChiKey: CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  -18.48
• 重原子数：
  23
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  102
• 氢给体数：
  10
• 氢受体数：
  17

ADMET

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

癌症分类：E组 人类非致癌性证据

Cancer Classification: Group E Evidence of Non-carcinogenicity for Humans

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 致癌性证据

A4；无机硼化合物/不可分类为人类致癌物。

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Borate compounds, Inorganic/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 健康影响

健康影响代码：HE15 - 刺激-眼睛、鼻子、喉咙、皮肤-中等

Health Effect Code(s):HE15 - Irritation-Eyes, Nose, Throat, Skin---Moderate

来源:Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

该物质可以通过吸入和摄入被身体吸收。

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

来源:ILO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC)

毒理性

• 暴露途径

吸入，吞食，皮肤和/或眼睛接触

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

吸收、分配和排泄

硼砂溶液1毫升口服剂量被给予雄性Wistar大鼠，共十一个浓度（0、100、200、300、400、500、600、700、800、900、1000毫克硼/升）。二十四小时尿液样本被分析，报告的回收率为99.6 +/- 7.9%。

A 1 mL oral dose of borax solution was given orally to male Wistar rats at eleven concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 mg boron/L). Twenty four hour urine samples were analyzed and the reported recovery was 99.6 +/- 7.9%.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

硼酸和硼砂可能会通过吸入、摄入或通过粘膜或烧伤的皮肤吸收进入人体。通过受损皮肤吸收是迅速且几乎完全的；未受损的皮肤也会吸收，但不足以引起中毒。吸收后，脑脊液中的硼浓度会上升，但最高浓度出现在脑组织、肝脏和脂肪组织中。重复剂量具有累积效应，在骨骼组织中保留最多。消除主要是通过尿液，但粪便、乳汁和汗液中也有一定程度的排出。

These compounds /boric acid and borax/ may enter body by inhalation, ingestion or by skin absorption through mucous membranes or skin burns. Absorption through damaged skin is rapid and almost complete; absorption also occurs through undamaged skin but not to sufficient extent to cause poisoning. Following absorption, there is a rise in concentration of boron in cerebrospinal fluid, but highest concentrations are found in brain tissues, liver and adipose tissue. Repeated doses have cumulative effect with retention ... greatest in bone tissue. ... Elimination is mainly in urine but also to a lesser extent in feces, milk and sweat.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

... 通过根部的吸收和运输最强；转移到植物的生长部分。

... Absorption and transportation greatest via roots; moves to growing parts of plant.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

在一项精心进行的人体活体研究中，发现分别只有饱和剂量的0.23%、0.21%和0.12%的硼酸、硼砂和多硼酸钠四水合物被吸收。

In a carefully conducted human in vivo study, found that only 0.23, 0.21, and 0.12% of a saturated dose of boric acid, borax, and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate, respectively were absorbed.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

表征谱图