19-Electron arenecyclopentadienyl complexes of ruthenium
摘要:
A series of arenecyclopentadienyl complexes, i.e., [Ru(eta(5)-C(5)R(5))(eta(6)-arene)](+) (1, R = H, arene = C6H6; 2, R = Me, arene = C6H6; 3, R = H, arene = C(6)H(3)Me(3); 4, R = Me, arene = C(6)H(3)Me(3); 5, R = H, arene = C(6)Me(6); 6, R = Me, arene = C(6)Me(6)) was studied by cyclic voltammetry. These compounds are capable of both oxidation and reduction. The reduction potential values depend on the number of methyl groups in the complex. Reduction of benzene complexes 1 and 2 by sodium amalgam in THF leads to the formation of decomplexation products, the addition of hydrogen to benzene, and dimerization of the benzene ligands. Both chemical and electrochemical reductions of mesitylene complexes 3 and 4 result in dimeric products [(eta(5)-C(5)R(5))Ru(mu-eta 5:eta 5-Me(3)H(3)C(6)C(6)H(3)Me(3))Ru(eta(5)-C(5)R(5))] (14, R = H; 15, R = Me). The action of sodium amalgam on compound 5 gives products of hydrogen addition to both hexamethylbenzene (17) and cyclopentadienyl (18) ligands along with the major product, the dimer [(eta(5)-C5H5)Ru(mu-eta(5):eta(5)-Me(6)C(6)C(6)Me(6))Ru(eta(5)-C5H5)] (16). In contrast to 5, its permethylated analog 6 is only capable of adding hydrogen to the hexamethylbenzene ligand.
The pentamethylmetallocenes CpMCp* (M = Ru, Fe) react with [Cp*Ru(OMe)]2/CF3SO3H in ether to give triple-decker salts [Cp*M(mu-Cp)RuCp*]CF3SO3 (4.CF3SO3, M = Ru; 5.CF3SO3, M = Fe) with an unsubstituted Cp as the bridging ligand. The structure of 4.CF3SO3.THF shows average metal-ring distances of 177.6(1) pm for the outer Cp* ligands and of 185.5(1) pm for the bridging Cp ring. The metalloelectrophiles [LM(solv)3]2+, generated from the dichlorides [(C6Me6)RuCl2]2, (Cp*RhCl2)2, (Cp*IrCl2)2, [(C4Me4)PtCl2]2, and AgCF3SO3 in MeNO2-d3, react with CpRuCp* at room temperature to undergo novel cyclopentadienyl transfer reactions, thus forming the cations [LMCp]+ besides 4+. With CpFeCp* labile triple-decker dications [LMCpFeCp*]2+ are formed in MeNO2-d3 at 0-degrees-C while at higher temperature cyclopentadienyl transfer (for Ru, Ir) or alternatively redox reactions (for Rh, Pt) are observed. [(C6Me5)Ru(acetone)3](CF3SO3)2 reacts with Fe(C5H4CHO)2 in acetone to give, after crystallization from CHCl3, [(C6Me6)Ru(C5H4CHO)]CF3SO3.CHCl3 (70%). Extended Huckel MO calculations for CpFeCp* reveal weaker bonds to the Cp side and an asymmetric charge distribution with total net charges of -0.093 for the Cp and +0.104 for the Cp* fragments. This suggests that the observed regiochemistry of the stacking and ring ligand transfer reactions of 1 and 2 is primarily of electronic origin.