Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Hydroesterification of Styrenes Using CO2 and MeOH
摘要:
Complexes [(dippe)Ni(mu-H)](2) (A) (dippe = 1,2-bis-di-isopropylphosphino)ethane) and [(dtbpe)Ni(mu-H)](2) (B) (dtbpe = 1,2-bis-di-tert-butylphospino)ethane) catalyze the reductive hydroesterification of styrenes with the use of CO2 and MeOH. The latter acts as a hydrogen source and as an esterificating agent, to yield the corresponding branched and linear esters in moderate to good yields. In all of the studied reactions the linear esters were obtained in higher amounts than the branched ones. When the hydroesterification reaction was carried out using a stoichiometric metal/substrate ratio, the complexes [(P-P)Ni(CO)(2)] and [(P-P)Ni(CO3)] (P-P = dippe or dtbpe) were isolated and characterized by standard spectroscopic methods. Compounds [(dtbpe)Ni(CO)(2)] and [(dtbpe)Ni(CO3)] were also fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Nickel-Catalyzed Reductive Hydroesterification of Styrenes Using CO2 and MeOH
摘要:
Complexes [(dippe)Ni(mu-H)](2) (A) (dippe = 1,2-bis-di-isopropylphosphino)ethane) and [(dtbpe)Ni(mu-H)](2) (B) (dtbpe = 1,2-bis-di-tert-butylphospino)ethane) catalyze the reductive hydroesterification of styrenes with the use of CO2 and MeOH. The latter acts as a hydrogen source and as an esterificating agent, to yield the corresponding branched and linear esters in moderate to good yields. In all of the studied reactions the linear esters were obtained in higher amounts than the branched ones. When the hydroesterification reaction was carried out using a stoichiometric metal/substrate ratio, the complexes [(P-P)Ni(CO)(2)] and [(P-P)Ni(CO3)] (P-P = dippe or dtbpe) were isolated and characterized by standard spectroscopic methods. Compounds [(dtbpe)Ni(CO)(2)] and [(dtbpe)Ni(CO3)] were also fully characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Investigations on the catalytic carboxylation of olefins with CO<sub>2</sub> towards α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid salts: characterization of intermediates and ligands as well as substrate effects
salts and a detailed investigation on the critical steps in the catalysis are reported. The influence of two chelating phosphine ligands and several olefins on the elemental steps of the catalysis is shown. The work focusses on the formation of intermediate olefin complexes, lactoneformation and base induced elimination of the lactone. The direct carboxylation of olefins is possible using nickel catalysts