Hall, Keith A.; Mayer, James M., Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1992, vol. 114, # 26, p. 10402 - 10411
作者:Hall, Keith A.、Mayer, James M.
DOI:——
日期:——
Deoxygenative coupling of ketones and alkenes by tungsten(II) compounds
作者:Jeffrey C. Bryan、Jeffrey B. Arterburn、Gerald K. Cook、James M. Mayer
DOI:10.1021/om00060a010
日期:1992.12
Tungsten(II) compounds such as WCl2(PMePh2)4 (1) react with acetone and ethylene tro give a good yield of the tungsten(IV)-oxo complexes W(O)(CH2=CH2)Cl2(PMePh2)2 (4) and a moderate amount of 3-methyl-1-butene. Cyclopentanone and ethylene plus 1 yield 4 and vinylcyclopentane; methyl vinyl ketone and ethylene give 4 and 3-methyl- 1,4-pentadiene. The react ion of cyclopentanone and propylene with 1 yields a small amount of 2-cyclopentylpropene. Intramolecular deoxygenative coupling occurs with 6- and 7-en-2-ones to form 1-methyl-2-methylene-substituted cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl ring systems, respectively. The net result of these reactions is transfer of the ketone oxygen atom to tungsten, accompanied with its replacement by a hydrogen and a vinyl group. The suggested mechanism for this deoxygenative coupling (Scheme I) is coordination of both the ketone and ethylene to tungsten, coupling to form a 2-oxametal-lacyclopentane, beta-hydrogen elimination to an allyloxy hydride species, C-0 bond cleavage to an oxo allyl hydride complex, and reductive elimination of alkene. Consistent with the suggestion of an oxametallacycle, hydrolysis of the reaction mixture of 1 and 6-hepten-2-one provides stereospecifically trans-1,2-di-methylcyclopentanol. The enones methyl vinyl ketone and 5-hexen-2-one react with 1 to form stable complexes in which the enone is bound in an eta4 fashion, similar to the proposed mixed alkene ketone intermediates in the coupling reactions. A related tungsten(II) butadiene complex, WCl2(CH2=CHCH=CH2)(PMePhl)2, has also been isolated.
On the mechanism of oxygen-atom or nitrene-group transfer in reactions of epoxides and aziridines with tungsten(II) compounds
作者:Lauren M. Atagi、Diana E. Over、Donald R. McAlister、James M. Mayer
DOI:10.1021/ja00003a021
日期:1991.1
The tungsten(II) complexes WCl2(PMePh2)4 (1) and WCl2(CH2=CH2)2(PMePh2)2 (2) react with epoxides and aziridines to form tungsten(IV)-oxo and -imido complexes. The relative reactivities of epoxides with 2 have been determined from competition experiments. More substituted epoxides are harder to deoxygenate: the reactivities of ethylene, isobutylene, and tetramethylethylene oxides fall in the geometric progression 100:10:1. cis-2-Butene oxide is deoxygenated faster than its trans isomer. Reaction occurs with predominant (greater-than-or-equal-to 85%) retention of configuration (e.g. cis epoxides to cis olefins). The reaction of 2 with ethylene-d4 oxide yields W(O)Cl2(CH2=CH2)(PMePh2)2 (4) and uncoordinated CD2=CD2. The data suggest that de-epoxidation occurs via oxygen atom abstraction, and not via an oxametallacyclobutane which rearranges to an oxo-ethylene complex. Similarly, the tungsten center is suggested to attack the nitrogen atom of the aziridines, rather than react by initial oxidative addition of a C-N bond. This is indicated by the observation of an N-bound complex of aziridine and by the much slower rates of reaction for aziridines with bulky substituents on the nitrogen. The reactivities of para-substituted styrene epoxides are not strongly affected by the nature of the substituent (a-rho+-value of -0.5 is calculated with Hammett sigma+ parameters) indicating that the transition state is not very polar, although there appears to be some conjugation between the phenyl ring' and the epoxide. In sum, the data are most consistent with either concerted oxygen or nitrene transfer to tungsten or a mechanism involving a short-lived radical intermediate.
Oxidative addition of carbon dioxide, epoxides, and related molecules to WCl2(PMePh2)4 yielding tungsten(IV) oxo, imido, and sulfido complexes. Crystal and molecular structure of W(O)Cl2(CO)(PMePh2)2
作者:Jeffrey C. Bryan、Steven J. Geib、Arnold L. Rheingold、James M. Mayer
DOI:10.1021/ja00243a047
日期:1987.4
Synthesis and characterization of high-valent oxo olefin and oxo carbonyl complexes. Crystal and molecular structure of W(O)Cl2(CH2:CH2)(PMePh2)2
作者:Fu Min. Su、Clive. Cooper、Steven J. Geib、Arnold L. Rheingold、James M. Mayer