Synthesis of 2- and 2,3-Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines: Scope and Mechanistic Considerations of a Domino Direct Alkynylation and Cyclization of N-Iminopyridinium Ylides Using Alkenyl Bromides, Alkenyl Iodides, and Alkynes
摘要:
Direct functionalization and tandem processes have both received considerable recent interest due to their cost and time efficiency. Herein we report the synthesis of difficult to obtain 2-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines through a tandem palladium-catalyzed/silver-mediated elimination/direct functionalization/cyclization reaction involving N-benzoyliminopyridinium ylides. As such, these biologically important molecules are prepared in an efficient, high-yielding manner, only requiring a two-step sequence from pyridine. Aryl-substituted alkenyl bromides and iodides are effective ylide coupling partners. Mechanistic studies led to the use of terminal alkynes, which extended the scope of the reaction to include alkyl substitution on the unsaturated reactive site. The optimization, scope, and mechanistic considerations of the process are discussed.
Synthesis of 2- and 2,3-Substituted Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines: Scope and Mechanistic Considerations of a Domino Direct Alkynylation and Cyclization of N-Iminopyridinium Ylides Using Alkenyl Bromides, Alkenyl Iodides, and Alkynes
摘要:
Direct functionalization and tandem processes have both received considerable recent interest due to their cost and time efficiency. Herein we report the synthesis of difficult to obtain 2-substituted pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines through a tandem palladium-catalyzed/silver-mediated elimination/direct functionalization/cyclization reaction involving N-benzoyliminopyridinium ylides. As such, these biologically important molecules are prepared in an efficient, high-yielding manner, only requiring a two-step sequence from pyridine. Aryl-substituted alkenyl bromides and iodides are effective ylide coupling partners. Mechanistic studies led to the use of terminal alkynes, which extended the scope of the reaction to include alkyl substitution on the unsaturated reactive site. The optimization, scope, and mechanistic considerations of the process are discussed.
Copper-Catalyzed Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of<i>N</i>-Iminoquinolinium Ylides with Secondary Amines
作者:Zerui Hua、Lei Fang、Shengying Wu、Limin Wang
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201600905
日期:2016.10
The copper-catalyzedcross-dehydrogenativecoupling of N-iminoquinolinium ylides with secondary amines led to ortho-amino-substituted quinoline derivatives with high levels of regioselectivity in good yields. This direct C–H bond amination transformation employs CuI as the catalyst without the use of a ligand, external oxidant, or base. The reaction is operationally simple and can be conducted under
N-亚氨基喹啉鎓叶立德与仲胺的铜催化交叉脱氢偶联导致邻氨基取代的喹啉衍生物具有高水平的区域选择性和良好的产率。这种直接的 C-H 键胺化转化使用 CuI 作为催化剂,而不使用配体、外部氧化剂或碱。该反应操作简单,可在温和条件下进行。无需任何额外步骤即可去除 N-苯甲酰基导向基团。