多糖
凡能水解成多个单糖分子或其衍生物的糖为多糖。它是由二十个至数万个单糖分子缩合、脱水而成的大分子化合物。多糖可以由一种单糖组成，如淀粉、纤维素等称为同聚多糖；也可以由不同单糖或其衍生物缩合而成，例如半纤维素，则被称为杂聚多糖。
自然界中，植物、动物和微生物都含有丰富的多糖。除了以游离形式存在外，多糖也常与蛋白质结合形成复合物。植物多糖的共同特点是天然性、保健价值及独特的水溶性胶体特性，这赋予食品较高的营养价值、稳定的组织结构以及优良的外观和口感，并延长了其货架期。
天然植物多糖对人体更为安全，吸收率更高。例如魔芋中的葡甘聚糖，这是一种极好的水溶性膳食纤维，具有饱腹感、降血脂、降血糖及通便等保健功能。尽管植物多糖本身不提供热量，但它对高热量、高脂肪和高蛋白的饮食结构有平衡营养的作用。
因此，亲水性的植物多糖常被称为植物胶，它们能够为食品生产加工提供增稠剂、凝胶剂、成膜剂及乳化剂等多种稳定剂。有效开发和利用植物多糖将有助于提升人类的生活质量、改善健康水平，并丰富食物资源，从而创造更多的经济价值。
淀粉是储存在植物体内的多糖，由直链淀粉和支链淀粉两种成分构成。在淀粉颗粒中，直链淀粉占比20～28%，其余为支链淀粉。直链淀粉由约250至300个D-葡萄糖分子通过α 1,4糖苷键连接而成，并卷曲成螺旋结构，具有一个非还原性末端和一个还原性末端，其分子量差异很大，从数千到150,000不等。直链淀粉遇碘呈蓝色反应，这是由于螺旋内部为分子碘占据所致。
支链淀粉由24至30个D-葡萄糖分子通过α 1,4和α 1,6糖苷键连接而成，形成类似灌木丛的结构。动物消化道中的α淀粉酶（存在于唾液及胰液中）可以随机作用于α 1,4糖苷键，将直链淀粉水解成麦芽糖和葡萄糖；植物中的β淀粉酶则在直链淀粉非还原性末端起作用，生成麦芽糖。支链淀粉同样可被α和β淀粉酶作用，但靠近分枝点的α 1,4和α 1,6糖苷键不被这些酶水解，在α淀粉酶及1,6葡萄糖苷酶共同作用下，支链淀粉完全水解为葡萄糖和麦芽糖。
琼脂糖是琼脂的重要组成部分，由D-半乳糖与3,6脱水半乳糖构成的单位重复缩合而成。琼脂糖在沸水中大量溶解，但当温度降至40℃以下时则成不溶性凝胶。这种琼脂糖凝胶常用作层析的支持体，通过氢键将半乳多糖链交联形成，因此在过于酸碱环境中不稳定。
相关化合物
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| —— | Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-6(Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4GlcNAb1-2)Mana1-6(Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-2Mana1-3)Manb1-4GlcNAcb1-4(Fuca1-6)GlcNAcb | —— | C124H206N8O90 |
| —— | Neu5Acalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3(Neu5Acalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-6)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta | —— | C112H184N8O82 |
| —— | Galbeta1-3GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2(Galbeta1-3GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-6)Manalpha1-6(Galbeta1-3GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-6)GlcNAcbeta | —— | C166H275N11O120 |
| —— | Neu5Gcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3(Neu5Gcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-6)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta | —— | C114H188N8O82 |
| —— | Neu5Acalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3(Neu5Acalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-6)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta | —— | C140H230N10O102 |
| —— | Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3(Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-6)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta | —— | C140H230N10O102 |
| —— | Neu5Acalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3(Neu5Acalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-6)GalNAcalpha | —— | C86H141N7O62 |
| —— | GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3(GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-6)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta | —— | C106H176N8O76 |
| —— | Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2(Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-6)Manalpha1-6(Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3)Manalpha1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc | —— | C118H196N8O86 |
| —— | Fucalpha1-2Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3(Neu5Gcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-6)Manbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta | —— | C102H170N6O74 |
| —— | (2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-2-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-acetamido-1,2,4-trihydroxy-6-oxohexan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C109H178N8O80 |
| —— | A3 N-Glycan | —— | C109H187N11O80 |
| —— | 5-Acetamido-2-[[6-[5-acetamido-6-[2-[[6-[5-acetamido-6-[5-acetamido-6-[[4-[[6-amino-1-[(1-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-3-[2-[[2-(2,6-diaminohexanoylamino)-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-[3-[3-acetamido-5-[6-[[5-acetamido-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)oxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C112H189N15O70 |
| —— | Disodium;5-acetamido-2-[[6-[5-acetamido-6-[2-[[6-[5-acetamido-6-[5-acetamido-6-[[4-[[6-amino-1-[(1-carboxy-2-hydroxypropyl)amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-3-[2-[[2-(2,6-diaminohexanoylamino)-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]propanoylamino]-4-oxobutanoyl]amino]-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-[3-[3-acetamido-5-[6-[[5-acetamido-2-carboxylato-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)oxane-2-carboxylate | —— | C112H187N15Na2O70 |
| —— | Fuca1-2Galb1-4(Fuca1-3)GlcNAcb1-2Mana1-6(Fuca1-2Galb1-4(Fuca1-3)GlcNAcb1-2Mana1-3)Manb1-4GlcNAcb1-4(Fuca1-6)GlcNAcb | —— | C92H154N4O66 |
| —— | Neu5Aca2-3Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-6(Neu5Aca2-3Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-2)Mana1-6(Neu5Aca2-3Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-2Mana1-3)Manb1-4GlcNAcb1-4GlcNAcb | —— | C109H178N8O80 |
| —— | (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol;(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | —— | C72H126O63 |
| —— | 4-[6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R)-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3-[hydroxy-[2-hydroxy-3-[3-[[(Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]amino]propoxy]propoxy]phosphinothioyl]oxy-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-5-(2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-sulfanylphosphoryl]oxy-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxy-4-methoxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxyhexylcarbamoyl]-3,6-dichloro-2-(2,4,5,7-tetrachloro-3-hydroxy-6-oxoxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid | —— | C165H212Cl6N36O85P12S12 |
| —— | 5-[6-[[(2R,3S,5R)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-2-[[[(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-3-yl]oxy-sulfanylphosphoryl]oxymethyl]-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxymethyl]-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-3-yl]oxy-hydroxyphosphinothioyl]oxyhexylcarbamothioylamino]-2-(2,4,5,7-tetrabromo-3-hydroxy-6-oxoxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid | —— | C137H161Br4N36O68P11S12 |
| —— | Glc(a1-3)Glc(a1-3)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)b-GlcNAc | —— | C82H138N2O66 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-6)GalNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[NeuGc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]b-GlcNAc | —— | C92H151N7O67 |
| —— | Fuc(a1-2)Gal(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-3)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Fuc(a1-3)[GalNAc(b1-4)]GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)][GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc | —— | C96H160N6O67 |
| —— | Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc | —— | C242H401N13O181 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc | —— | C140H228N10O102 |
| —— | Glc(?1-3)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-6)[Man(a1-3)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc | —— | C70H118N2O56 |
| —— | (2R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-5-amino-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-amino-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-[(1R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-5-amino-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1-hydroxyethyl]-5-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-6-[(1S)-1-[2-aminoethoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyethyl]-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-carboxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-carboxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-6-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C82H141N4O70P |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)][GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[D-Fuc(a1-6)]b-GlcNAc | —— | C98H161N7O71 |
| —— | NeuGc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc6S(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]GlcNAc | —— | C85H141N5O67S |
| —— | (2R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,4R,5R,6R)-5-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-6-[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-5-amino-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-carboxy-3-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(1S)-1-[2-aminoethoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-6-[(1S)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1-hydroxyethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyethyl]-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-5-amino-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-amino-3,4,6-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-[(1R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S)-5-amino-3,4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-carboxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-6-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C107H182N7O87P |
| —— | Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc | —— | C122H203N7O91 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-3)[NeuAc(a2-6)]GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)b-GlcNAc | —— | C109H178N8O80 |
| —— | N-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,4-dihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-3-yl]acetamide | —— | C88H147N5O65 |
| —— | Man(a1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)b-GlcNAc | —— | C70H118N2O56 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-3)GalNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-3)[NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)b-GlcNAc | —— | C86H141N7O62 |
| —— | (2R,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2R,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-acetamido-4,6-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C112H184N8O82 |
| —— | Gal3Me(b1-6)Gal3Me(b1-3)[Gal3Me(b1-6)]GalNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)[Xyl(b1-2)][Man(a1-3)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]b-GlcNAc | —— | C82H138N4O59 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(a1-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]b-GlcNAc | —— | C125H207N7O93 |
| —— | N-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-4-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-5-hydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S)-5-acetamido-1,2,6-trihydroxy-4-[(2R,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyhexan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide | —— | C85H144N4O62 |
| —— | Glc(b1-2)Glc(b1-2)Glc(b1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-3)[Man(a1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc | —— | C80H135NO66 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-3)[NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]b-GlcNAc | —— | C140H228N10O102 |
| —— | (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-carboxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-carboxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-carboxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-carboxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-6-carboxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C72H108O66 |
| —— | N-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide | —— | C94H157N5O68 |
| —— | Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-4)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)]Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-4)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)]Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-4)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)]Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-4)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-3)]b-Gal | —— | C124H207N5O96 |
| —— | GalNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)[Fuc(a1-6)]b-GlcNAc | —— | C98H163N7O70 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[Gal3S(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-3)[Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc | —— | C87H144N6O67S |
| —— | N-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-acetamido-1,2,4,6-tetrahydroxyhexan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-2-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-bis[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-hydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide | —— | C98H165N7O71 |
| —— | (2R,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6S)-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-acetamido-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-5-acetamido-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5S)-5-acetamido-1,2,4,6-tetrahydroxyhexan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-4-hydroxy-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl]oxane-2-carboxylic acid | —— | C109H180N8O80 |
| —— | (2S)-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-(methoxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-4-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxypropanoic acid | —— | C135H230O104 |
| —— | N-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-5-[(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(2S,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-[(2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2S,3S,4R,5S,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]acetamide | —— | C94H157N5O68 |
| —— | NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[NeuAc(a2-3)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-6)]Man(a1-3)[NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-2)[NeuAc(a2-6)Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)]Man(a1-6)]Man(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcNAc | —— | C134H218N10O98 |
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