摘要:
四种含有不同烷基铵阳离子的新铊盐已经通过X射线晶体学制备和表征:1:双对甲基苯胺铊酸盐(III),[CH3C6H4NH3]2[TlCl5],M = 597.9,单斜晶系,P21/c,a = 7.515(2),b = 21.376(6),c = 12.769(2) Å,β = 92.13(2)°,V = 2050(1) Å3,Z = 4,Dcalc = 1.937 Mg m−3,μ = 8.512 mm−1,T = 293(1) K,R = 0.046;2:1,5-戊二胺铵铊酸盐(III),[NH3(CH2)5NH3][TlCl5],M = 485.83,正交晶系,P212121,a = 13.226(2),b = 13.595(2),c = 7.628(2) Å,V = 1371.6(3) Å3,Z = 4,Dcalc = 2.352 Mg m−3,μ = 12.84 mm−1,T = 173(1) K,R = 0.025;3:五(2-金刚烷胺基)双四氯铊酸盐(III)六氯铊酸盐(III),[C10H18N]5[TlCl4]2[TlCl6],M = 1870.75,单斜晶系,P21a = 16.466(5),b = 25.985(2),c = 7.724(3) Å,β = 90.14(3)°,V = 3305(2) Å3,Z = 2,Dcalc = 1.880 Mg m−3,μ = 7.978 mm−1,T = 173(1) K,R = 0.056;4:双哌嗪铵十氯二铊酸盐(III)三水合物,[NH2C4H8NH2]2[Tl2Cl10]•3H2O,M = 993.62,单斜晶系,C2/c,a = 14.154(3),b = 15.445(3),c = 13.228(3) Å,β = 114.44(1)°,V = 2632.7(9) Å3,Z = 4,Dcalc = 2.506 Mg m−3,μ = 13.39 mm−1,T = 173(1) K,R = 0.026。对于大多数研究的盐,形成[TlCl5]2−是可能的;然而,没有分离的[TlCl5]2−阴离子被观察到。在大多数情况下,铊的高配位数被观察到(CN = 6),这可以通过形成阴离子链或通过二聚化实现,给出[Tl2Cl10]4−。特别有趣的是盐3的固态结构,其中存在三种几何不同的氯铊酸根离子。每个结构中观察到广泛的氢键网络。关键词:铊,铊(III)氯化物,氯铊酸盐,氢键,烷基铵阳离子。