Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ferrocene–naphthoquinones as antiplasmodial agents
作者:Pedro M. García-Barrantes、Guy V. Lamoureux、Alice L. Pérez、Rory N. García-Sánchez、Antonio R. Martínez、Arturo San Feliciano
DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.011
日期:2013.12
This work deals with the synthesis and evaluation of new compounds designed by combination of 1,4naphthoquinone and ferrocene fragments in a 3-ferrocenylmethy1-2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone arrangement. A practical coupling reaction between 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and ferrocenemethanol derivatives has been developed. This procedure can be carried out "on-water", at moderate temperatures and without auxiliaries or catalysts, with moderate to high yields. The synthesized derivatives have shown significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive and resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains and it has been shown that this activity is not related to the inhibition of biomineralization of ferriprotoporphyrin IX. Binding energy calculations and docking of these compounds to cytochrome b in comparison with atovaquone have been performed. (C) 2013 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Headgroup Immersion Depth and Its Effect on the Lateral Diffusion of Amphiphiles at the Air/Water Interface
作者:Young Soo Kang、Marcin Majda
DOI:10.1021/jp993566m
日期:2000.3.1
Two-dimensional electrochemical measurements were carried out with line microelectrodes positioned in the plane of the air/water interface to characterize the lateral mobilities of several long alkyl chain ferrocene amphiphiles possessing headgroups of different polarity, In the liquid range of mean molecular areas (MMA) of 55-95 Angstrom(2)/molecule, the diffusion constants increase linearly with MMA. The slopes of these linear plots depend strongly on the headgroup polarity, demonstrating that the immersion depth of the amphiphiles is the key factor in determining their lateral mobility. Investigations of the alkane chain length dependence revealed an unusual inverse effect on D. This suggests that for this class of amphiphiles the immersion depth depends not only on the headgroup polarity but also on the length of chains. Thus, the longer alkane chain amphiphiles exhibit smaller immersion depth and larger diffusion constants of lateral mobility. The effects of the immersion depth and chain length were analyzed in terms of a modified hydrodynamic model of Saffman and Delbruck. Quantitative analysis of the experimental data yielded the average values of the headgroup immersion depth for the dodecane- and hexadecaneferrocenecarboxamides of 6.4 and 4.0 Angstrom, respectively.