The binuclear compounds [H(CO)(PPh3)2Ru(mu-bim)Ir(COD)] (1) (bim = 2,2'-biimidazolate, COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) and [H(CO)(PPh3)2Ru(mu-pz)2Ir(TFB)] (2) (pz = pyrazolate, TFB = tetrafluorobenzobarrelene) are more active catalysts for the hydrogenation of cyclohexene than the mononuclear parent compounds [RuH(Hbim)(CO)(PPh3)2], [Ir(Hbim)(COD)], [RuH(pz)(CO)(Hpz)(PPh3)2], and [Ir(TFB)-(Hpz)2]BF4. In the presence of 1, the reaction rate is first order with respect to the concentration of 1 and cyclohexene, second order with respect to hydrogen pressure, and inversely proportional to the concentration of added phosphine. For the reaction catalyzed by 2, the experimental data are in accordance with a rate expression of the form -d[cyclohexene]/dt = k[2][cyclohexene]P(H2) [P(H2) = hydrogen pressure]. On the basis of the kinetic results and experimental evidence, the origin of the catalytic synergism is assigned to indirect cooperative effects between the metallic centers of the binuclear complexes. The kinetic investigation of the hydrogenation of cyclohexene catalyzed by [Ir(mu-pz)(TFB)]2 (3) is also reported, suggesting that the full catalytic cycle involves binuclear species.
Hydrogen-transfer catalytic synergism in binuclear complexes containing 2,2'-biimidazolate as a bridging ligand
作者:Miguel A. Esteruelas、Maria P. Garcia、Ana M. Lopez、Luis A. Oro
DOI:10.1021/om00038a030
日期:1992.2
The binuclear compounds [H(CO)(PPh3)2Ru(mu-bim)M(COD)] (bim = 2,2'-biimidazolate, COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene, M = Rh, Ir) are more active catalysts for the reduction of cyclohexanone, styrene, and alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones (benzylideneacetophenone or benzylideneacetone), by hydrogen-transfer reactions from 2-propanol, than the mononuclear parent compounds [RuH(Hbim)(CO)(PPh3)2] and [M(Hbim)(COD)] (M = Rh, Ir). For the reduction of benzylideneacetone catalyzed by [H(CO)(PPh3)2Ru(mu-bim)Ir(COD)], the experimental kinetic data are in accordance with an expression of the form -d[benzylideneacetone]/dt = kappa[Ru-Ir][benzylideneacetone]. On the basis of these kinetic results and other experimental evidence, a mechanism for this reaction is proposed. The full catalytic cycle involves binuclear species. The hydrogen transfer proceeds via the ruthenium atom, while the iridium center acts as the core of a metal-ligand complex of variable electron density.