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氢氧化钾 | 1310-58-3

中文名称
氢氧化钾
中文别名
苛性钾;苛性碱;钾灰
英文名称
potassium hydroxide
英文别名
potassium hydroxide powder;potassium;hydroxide
氢氧化钾化学式
CAS
1310-58-3
化学式
HO*K
mdl
——
分子量
56.1056
InChiKey
KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    361 °C (lit.)
  • 沸点:
    1320°C
  • 密度:
    1.450 g/mL at 20 °C
  • 闪点:
    52 °F
  • 溶解度:
    H2O:1 Mat 20 °C,透明,无色
  • 暴露限值:
    Ceiling in air 2 mg/m3 (ACGIH).
  • 介电常数:
    3.3(Ambient)
  • LogP:
    -1.380 (est)
  • 物理描述:
    Potassium hydroxide, solution appears as an clear aqueous solution. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Noncombustible. Used in chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, cleaning compounds.
  • 颜色/状态:
    White or colorless, orthorhombic, deliquescent pieces, lumps, or sticks having crystalline fracture
  • 气味:
    Odorless
  • 蒸汽压力:
    1 MM HG @ 714 °C
  • 自燃温度:
    Not flammable (USCG, 1999)
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of K2O.
  • 腐蚀性:
    Corrosive
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    1. 易潮解。暴露于空气中时,易吸收二氧化碳和水分,逐渐变成碳酸钾。它极易溶于水,在溶解过程中释放大量热,并且有极强的吸水性,在空气中会迅速吸收水分而溶解并吸收二氧化碳转化为碳酸钾。此外,它还能溶于乙醇,微溶于醚。这种物质具有强烈的碱性和腐蚀性,性质类似于烧碱,能引起灼伤。它还易于吸收空气中的水分和二氧化碳。 2. 稳定性:稳定 3. 避免接触的物品:强酸、易燃或可燃物、二氧化碳、酸酐、酰基氯 4. 应避免接触的条件:潮湿空气 5. 聚合危害:不聚合 6. 分解产物:氧化钾

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    -3.17
  • 重原子数:
    2
  • 可旋转键数:
    0
  • 环数:
    0.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    1
  • 氢给体数:
    1
  • 氢受体数:
    1

ADMET

代谢
氢氧化钾在水溶液中会完全离解成K+和OH-离子。由于胃中的盐酸会中和OH-离子,并且身体具有快速有效的血液pH调节机制(包括细胞外液体的缓冲能力、呼吸和肾脏的补偿机制),因此在非刺激条件下口服氢氧化钾后,由于OH-离子引起的碱中毒是可以预防的。
KOH in aqueous solution is entirely dissociated into K+ and OH- ions. Due to the neutralization of OH- by gastric HCl and the quick and efficient blood pH regulation mechanisms (buffer capacity of extra cellular body fluids, respiratory and renal compensation mechanisms), an alkalosis due to the OH- ions after KOH oral dosage in non-irritating conditions is prevented.
来源:DrugBank
代谢
氢氧化钾在水溶液中会完全离解成K+和OH-离子。由于胃中的盐酸会中和OH-离子,以及体内快速的血液pH调节机制(细胞外液的缓冲能力、呼吸和肾脏的补偿机制),在非刺激条件下口服氢氧化钾后,由于OH-离子引起的碱中毒是可以预防的。
KOH in aqueous solutions is completely dissociated into K+ and OH- ions. Due to the neutralization of OH- by gastric HCl and the quick and efficient blood pH regulation mechanisms (buffer capacity of extra cellular body fluids, respiratory and renal compensation mechanisms), an alkalosis due to the OH- ions after KOH oral dosage in non-irritating conditions is prevented.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在所有情况下,应该认识到氢氧化钾气溶胶是不稳定的。由于从大气中吸收二氧化碳,它们会迅速转变为碳酸氢钾和碳酸钾。Cooper等人(1979年)报告称,可吸入的氢氧化钠气溶胶转变为碳酸气溶胶的过程可能只需要几秒钟...
...In every case, it should be realised that aerosols of KOH are not stable. They are rapidly transformed due to an uptake of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere resulting in the formation of potassium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate. Cooper et al. (1979) reported that the transformation of respirable NaOH aerosols into carbonate aerosols could occur in seconds...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 毒性总结
氢氧化钾(KOH)的商业形态有固体或不同浓度的溶液。它用于肥皂制造;疏通排水管道和清洁管道;漂白剂;生产碳酸钾和四钾焦磷酸,作为碱性储存电池和一些燃料电池的电解质,用于吸收二氧化碳和硫化氢;染料;液体肥料;食品添加剂;除草剂;电镀;丝光处理;以及油漆去除剂。 人体暴露和毒性:氢氧化钾在直接接触后会对皮肤、眼睛和胃肠道产生直接局部影响。如果出现KOH气溶胶/雾,它们会对呼吸道产生直接局部影响。 浓度超过2%的溶液具有腐蚀性,而浓度大约在0.5%到大约2.0%之间的溶液具有刺激性。刺激性效应表现为咳嗽、喘息、结膜炎、流泪和刺激。 儿童可能会意外接触到商业清洁产品。在一项回顾性临床研究中,168名儿童在摄入碱性物质后,有9名儿童(5.3%)发展为胃出口梗阻。 一名2.5岁男孩因食道中碱性电池异物(含有45%的氢氧化钾)而导致食道腐蚀性烧伤、坏死、穿孔、食道与气管相通并最终死亡的情况已被报告。 从1985年到1992年,德国亚琛工业大学眼科诊所共收治了23例因NaOH或KOH引起的眼睛烧伤。在工作时发生了17起事故,而6起事故发生在家庭使用NaOH/KOH作为疏通剂时。 碱烧伤特别引人关注,因为碱迅速且深入地渗透到眼内组织。 一名4岁男孩的鼻子里卡了一个纽扣电池大约24小时,局部组织发生腐蚀,造成小穿孔,可能是由于25%的KOH电解质引起的。 一项关于挖钾矿工人的流行病学研究未能将接触钾矿与评估的多种疾病,包括肺癌,联系起来。 然而,食道狭窄与食管鳞状细胞癌之间也存在很强的关联,潜伏期可能长达数十年。 动物研究:在一项KOH的急性毒性研究中,雄性大鼠的LD50(插管)为365 mg/kg。 在给予致死和亚致死剂量后,观察到胃和肠出血以及腹部器官(胃、胰腺、脾脏、肝脏和小肠)的粘连。存活的动物在暴露后14天内表现出过度兴奋性,随后是冷漠和虚弱。其他临床迹象包括呼吸频率增加、毛发粗糙、眼睛闭合和血性鼻分泌物。 所有死亡发生在给药后72小时内。KOH具有中等的急性口服毒性,这主要是由于其腐蚀性。 观察到的系统性效应可以被视为次要效应。 对兔子进行的Draize皮肤测试,用纱布覆盖并涂抹0.1 mL,持续24小时,将5%的KOH溶液评定为对完整皮肤轻度刺激性,对磨损皮肤高度刺激性。 在兔子上进行的Draize闭合测试中,10%的KOH溶液在4小时暴露于0.5 mL溶液后被评定为对完整皮肤和磨损皮肤具有腐蚀性。 使用Salmonella typhimurium TA 97和TA 102进行的Ames试验研究,有和无代谢活化,直至每板1 mg KOH,结果为阴性。 在体外染色体畸变试验中研究了KOH的裂变活性,使用中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)K1细胞。 在KOH浓度为0、8和12 mM时,没有发现裂变活性,这些浓度分别对应初始pH值为7.3、9.8和10.4。 进行了一项为期25-46周(可靠性3)的长期研究,将3-6%的KOH溶液涂在鼠标皮肤上。 结果是在应用部位大约有15%的癌症发生率。 对小鼠和 rats 以2.35-235 mg/kg bw/day和3.1-310 mg/kg bw/day的剂量给药,每组21-24只动物,通过每天一次口服插管。 在17天内记录小鼠的体重,暴露后2天,在大鼠中记录20天,暴露后5天。 没有观察到对小鼠和大鼠存活和生殖器官的显著影响,也没有观察到对后代存活、体重、性别比和先天性缺陷的影响。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is commercialized as a solid or as solutions with varying concentrations. It is used in soap manufacture; drain and pipeline cleaners; bleaching agents; manufacture of potassium carbonate and tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, an electrolyte in alkaline storage batteries and some fuel cells, absorbent for carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide; dyestuffs; liquid fertilizers; food additive; herbicides; electroplating; mercerizing; and paint removers. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Potassium hydroxide causes direct local effects on the skin, eyes and gastrointestinal tract after direct exposure. If KOH aerosols/mists occur, they will cause direct local effects on respiratory tract. Solutions with concentrations higher than 2% are corrosive, while concentrations of about 0.5 to about 2.0 % are irritating. The irritant effects are reported as coughing, wheezing, conjunctivitis, tearing, and irritation. Children may be accidentally exposed to commercial cleaning products. In a retrospective clinical study with 168 children after alkaline substance ingestion, 9 children (5.3%) developed gastric outlet obstruction. The fatal complications from an alkaline battery foreign body (containing potassium hydroxide 45%) in the esophagus of a 2.5 year old male, resulting in corrosive burns of the esophagus, necrosis, perforation, communication between the esophagus and the trachea and subsequent death, is reported. A total of 23 burns of the eye due to NaOH or KOH were admitted to the eye clinic of the RWTH Aachen in Germany from 1985 to 1992. In 17 cases the accident happened during work, while 6 cases occurred at home using NaOH/KOH as drain cleaner. The alkali burns were of special interest because of the rapid and deep penetration of alkali into the ocular tissues. A 4-year old boy who had a button battery lodged in his nose for approx. 24 hrs had local tissue corrosion, with a small perforation, caused presumably by the 25% KOH electrolyte. An epidemiological study about potash mining workers failed to correlate the exposure to potash to a number of diseases evaluated, including lung cancer. However, there is also a strong association between lye stricture of the esophagus and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, with a long latent period of eventually several decades. ANIMAL STUDIES: In an acute toxicity study for KOH, the LD50 (intubation) of male rats was 365 mg/kg. Hemorrhaging of the stomach and intestine and adhesions of abdominal organs (stomach, pancreas, spleen, liver and small intestine) were seen following administration of both lethal and sub-lethal doses. Surviving animals showed evidence of hyper excitability, followed by apathy and weakness throughout the 14-day post-exposure period. Other clinical signs were increased respiration rate, ruffled fur, eye closing and bloody nasal exudate. All deaths occurred within 72 hours of dosing. KOH has a moderate acute oral toxicity, which is essentially due to its corrosivity. The observed systemic effects could be regarded as secondary effects. Draize skin tests in rabbits, with gauze covering and application of 0.1 mL during 24 hours, qualified a 5% KOH solution as mildly irritating on intact skin and highly irritating on abraded skin. A 10% KOH solution was qualified as corrosive on both intact and abraded skin as the result of a Draize occlusive test on rabbits with 4 hours exposure to 0.5 mL of the solution. The results of an Ames assay study with Salmonella typhimurium TA 97 and TA 102, with and without metabolic activation and up to 1 mg KOH/plate, were negative. The clastogenic activity of KOH was studied in an in vitro chromosomal aberration test using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) K1 cells. No clastogenic activity was found at KOH concentrations of 0, 8 and 12 mM, which corresponded with initial pH values of 7.3, 9.8 and 10.4, respectively. A long-term study (reliability 3) of 25-46 weeks, consisting of painting 3-6% KOH solutions on mouse skin, has been performed. The results were ca. 15% occurrence of cancer at the application site. An old long-term study (reliability 3) of 25-46 weeks, consisting of painting 3-6% KOH solutions on mouse skin, has been performed. The results were 15% occurrence of cancer at the application site. Doses of 2.35-235 mg/kg bw/day in mice and 3.1-310 mg/kg bw/day in rats were administered to groups of 21-24 animals by single daily oral intubation. Body weights were recorded during 17 days for mice, with a post exposure period of 2 days and during 20 days for rats, with a post exposure period of 5 days. No significant effects were observed on mice and rat's survival and reproductive organs, or on offspring survival, weight, sex ratio and congenital defects.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
所有暴露途径都会产生严重的局部影响。
Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
  • 暴露途径
吸入,摄入,皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
毒理性
  • 症状
眼睛、皮肤、呼吸系统刺激;咳嗽,打喷嚏;眼睛、皮肤烧伤;呕吐,腹泻
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough, sneezing; eye, skin burns; vomiting, diarrhea
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
毒理性
  • 吸入症状
咳嗽。喉咙痛。灼热感。呼吸困难。
Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
氢氧化钾在水溶液中完全离解成K+和OH-离子。由于胃中的盐酸中和了OH-,并且体外的血液pH调节作用(细胞外液体的缓冲能力、呼吸和肾脏的补偿机制)迅速,因此在非刺激条件下口服氢氧化钾后,由OH-离子引起的碱中毒得以预防。以氢氧化钾形式摄入的钾的量,远小于治疗钾缺乏症的氯化钾口服摄入量,后者可达每天10克。此外,从食物/天然来源或食品添加剂中口服摄入的钾也可能要高得多。
KOH in aqueous solutions completely dissociates into K+ and OH- ions. Because of the neutralization of OH- by gastric HCl and the rapid blood pH regulation action (buffer capacity of extracellular body fluids, respiratory and renal compensation mechanisms), an alkalosis due to the OH- ions after KOH oral dosage in non-irritating conditions is thus prevented. The uptake of potassium, in potassium hydroxide form, is much less than the oral uptake with therapeutic doses of KCl for treating potassium deficiency, of up to 10 g/day. Furthermore, the oral uptake of potassium from food/natural sources or from food additives is likely to be also much higher.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
有趣的观察还包括碱性血症促进肾脏排泄K+,为了预防高钾血症,细胞外的钾离子被细胞吸收,以氢离子作为交换(Saxena, 1989)。换句话说,这些K+和OH-的代偿效应将减弱KOH的系统性影响。
Interesting observations are also that alkalosis promotes renal excretion of K+, and that, for preventing hyperkalemia, extra cellular potassium is taken up by cells in exchange for hydrogen ions (Saxena, 1989). In other words, these compensating effects of K+ and OH- would attenuate the systemic effect of KOH.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
也可以说这种物质既不会达到胎儿,也不会在有效的有毒浓度下到达男性和女性的生殖器官。因此,预计不会有生殖毒性的风险。
...It can also be stated that the substance will neither reach the foetus nor reach male and female reproductive organs in effective toxic concentrations. Therefore, no risk for reproductive toxicity is expected.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在正常处理和使用条件下(非刺激性的),无论是血液中的钾浓度还是血液的pH值都不会超过正常限制,因此预期氢氧化钾不会在血液中引起全身性毒性水平。肾脏对钾的排泄会增加,而氢氧根离子会被血液中的碳酸氢盐缓冲系统中和...
Under normal handling and use conditions (non-irritating) neither the concentration of potassium in the blood nor the pH of the blood will be increased above normal limits and therefore KOH is not expected to cause systemically toxic levels in the blood. The renal excretion of K+ can be elevated and the OH- ion is neutralised by the bicarbonate buffer system in the blood...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
碱渗透皮肤很慢。
Alkalies penetrate skin slowly. /Alkalies/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 职业暴露限值:
    Ceiling: 2 mg/m3
  • TSCA:
    Yes
  • 危险等级:
    8
  • 危险品标志:
    Xi,F,T,C
  • 安全说明:
    S16,S26,S36/37,S36/37/39,S45,S7
  • 危险类别码:
    R22,R35
  • WGK Germany:
    1
  • 海关编码:
    2815200000
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 2924 3/PG 2
  • 危险类别:
    8
  • RTECS号:
    TT2100000
  • 包装等级:
    II
  • 危险标志:
    GHS05,GHS07
  • 危险性描述:
    H290,H302,H314
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P260,P280,P301 + P312 + P330,P303 + P361 + P353,P304 + P340 + P310,P305 + P351 + P338 + P310
  • 储存条件:
    储存注意事项: - 储存于阴凉、干燥、通风良好的库房。 - 远离火种、热源。库温不超过35℃,相对湿度不超过80%。 - 包装必须密封,切勿受潮。 - 应与易(可)燃物、酸类等分开存放,切忌混储。 - 储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。

SDS

SDS:62ee3782f4ffd069b46dac6796baa11c
查看
国标编号: 82002
CAS: 1310-58-3
中文名称: 氢氧化钾
英文名称: Potassium hydroxide;Caustic potash
别 名: 苛性钾
分子式: KOH
分子量: 56.11
熔 点: 360.4℃ 沸点:1320
密 度: 相对密度(水=1)2.04
蒸汽压: 719℃
溶解性: 溶于水、乙醇,微溶于醚
稳定性: 稳定
外观与性状: 白色晶体,易潮解
危险标记: 20(碱性腐蚀品)
用 途: 用作化工生产的原料,也用于医药、染料、轻工等工业

2.对环境的影响:
一、健康危害

侵入途径:吸入、食入。
健康危害:本品有强烈腐蚀性。吸入后强烈刺激呼吸道或造成灼伤。皮肤和眼直接接触可引起灼伤;口服灼伤消化道,可致死。
慢性影响:肺损害。

二、毒理学资料及环境行为

急性毒性:LD50273mg/kg(大鼠经口)
刺激性:家兔经眼:1%重度刺激。家兔经皮:50mg(24小时),重度刺激。

危险特性:本品不会燃烧,遇水和水蒸气大量放热,形成腐蚀性溶液。与酸发生中和反应并放热。具有强腐蚀性。
燃烧(分解)产物:可能产生有害的毒性烟雾。


3.现场应急监测方法:



4.实验室监测方法:
混合指示剂法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版),杭士平主编


5.环境标准:
美国 车间卫生标准 2mg/m3[上限值]


6.应急处理处置方法:
一、泄漏应急处理

隔离泄漏污染区,周围设警告标志,建议应急处理人员戴好防毒面具,穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物,用洁清的铲子收集于干燥净洁有盖的容器中,以少量加入大量水中,调节至中性,再放入废水系统。也可以用大量水冲洗,经稀释的洗水放入废水系统。如大量泄漏,收集回收或无害处理后废弃。

二、防护措施

呼吸系统防护:必要时佩带防毒口罩。
眼睛防护:戴化学安全防护眼镜。
防护服:穿工作服(防腐材料制作)。
手防护:戴橡皮手套。
其它:工作后,淋浴更衣。注意个人清洁卫生。

三、急救措施

皮肤接触:立即用水冲洗至少15分钟。若有灼伤,就医治疗。
眼睛接触:立即提起眼睑,用流动清水或生理盐水冲洗至少15分钟。或用3%硼酸溶液冲洗。就医。
吸入:迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。必要时进行人工呼吸。就医。
食入:患者清醒时立即漱口,口服稀释的醋或柠檬汁,就医。

灭火方法:雾状水、砂土。

制备方法与用途

根据提供的信息,氢氧化钾的用途主要包括:

  1. 医药工业:用于生产各种药品,如钾硼氢、安体舒通、沙肝醇、黄体酮和丙酸睾丸素等。

  2. 轻工业

    • 生产钾肥皂。
    • 制造碱性蓄电池。
    • 用于化妆品的生产(如冷霜、雪花膏和洗发膏)。
  3. 染料工业:主要用于生产还原染料,例如还原蓝RSN等。

  4. 电化学工业

    • 在电镀过程中使用。
    • 用于雕刻工艺。
    • 其它电化学应用,如电解过程中的辅助剂。
  5. 纺织工业

    • 印染过程中的重要原料。
    • 漂白和丝光处理中不可或缺的成分。
    • 制造人造纤维(如聚酯纤维)的主要原料之一。
  6. 冶金加热剂及皮革加工:用于脱脂等工艺。

  7. 其他应用还包括:

    • 作为钾盐生产的原料,包括高锰酸钾、碳酸钾等化合物的制备。
    • 在某些化学分析和实验中作为标准试剂使用。

总结而言,氢氧化钾是一种多功能化学品,在多个工业领域都有着广泛的应用。

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    氢氧化钾亚硝基硫酸硫酸溶剂黄146尿素 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 反应 2.5h, 以82%的产率得到
    参考文献:
    名称:
    A method for producing an azo compound
    摘要:
    生产偶氮衍生物的方法,包括:(a) 允许重氮化试剂、具有 Hammett 酸度函数 Ho 小于 -1.00 的酸或混合酸以及氨基化合物发生反应的步骤;和 (b) 将步骤 (a) 中获得的重氮化合物溶液与特定化合物混合的步骤。
    公开号:
    EP1889881A3
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    CATO, AKIO;MIDZUKAMI, TSUNEHO;SAKATA, AKIXIRO;SUDZUKI, KUNIXIKO;UEHDA, TE+
    摘要:
    DOI:
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    (+/-)-threo-3-methylaspartic acid 在 palladium on activated charcoal 3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃氢氧化钾copper(l) iodide 、 lithium aluminium tetrahydride 、 dimsylsodium 、 氢气对甲苯磺酸 、 sodium nitrite 作用下, 以 吡啶盐酸甲醇乙醚乙醇硫酸二甲基亚砜 为溶剂, 反应 25.08h, 生成 (2R,3R)-threo-2-methylpentane-1,3-diol 1-tosylate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Serricornin [(4 S,6 S,7 S)-4,6-二甲基-7-羟基-3-壬酮]的合成和绝对立体化学:香烟甲虫的性信息素
    摘要:
    通过合成(4 S,6 S,7 S)-异构体及其对映体,将Serricornin(4,6-二甲基-7-羟基-3-壬酮)的绝对立体化学确定为4 S,6 S,7 S。仅天然对映异构体具有生物活性。
    DOI:
    10.1016/0040-4020(82)80081-1
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文献信息

  • Amino-triazolopyridine derivatives
    申请人:Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
    公开号:US06355653B1
    公开(公告)日:2002-03-12
    The invention relates to compounds of formula wherein R1 is a 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl group, containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms, selected from N, O or S, and which groups are optionally substituted by one or two substituents, which are lower alkyl, —(CH2)nOH, halogen or lower alkoxy, and wherein the heteroaryl groups may be optionally linked to the pyrazole ring via an alkylene or alkenyl group, or is phenyl, optionally substituted by one or two substituents being lower alkyl, hydroxy-lower alkyl, halogen, hydroxy or lower alkoxy or is —O(CH2)n,phenyl, benzofuryl, indolyl or benzothiophenyl, or is —S-lower alkyl; R2 and R4 are independently from each other hydrogen, cyano or —S(O)2-phenyl; R3 is hydrogen, halogen or is a 5 or 6 membered heteroaryl group, containing 1 to 3 heteroatoms, selected from N, O or S, and which groups are optionally substituted by one or two substituents, which are lower alkyl, —(CH2)n-aryl, hydroxy, halogen, lower alkoxy, morpholinyl, amino, lower alkylamino or —C(O)NR′2, and wherein R′ is lower alkyl or hydrogen, or is phenyl, optionally substituted by one or two substituents being halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, amino, di-lower alkyl amino, CF3, —OCF3, —NHC(O)lower alkyl, cyano, —C(O)-lower alkyl, —C(O)O-lower alkyl, —S-lower alkyl, —S(O)2NH-phenyl, —S(O)2-methylpiperazinyl; or is —NR′R″, wherein R′ and R″ are independently from each other hydrogen, —(CH2)nphenyl, which phenyl ring is optionally substituted by halogen or lower alkoxy, —CH(lower alkyl)-phenyl, indan-1-yl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalen, or cycloalkyl; or is —O-phenyl, which phenyl ring is optionally substituted by halogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy, —O-tetrahydronaphthalenyl or —O—CH2-6-methyl-pyridin-2-yl; or is -benzo[1,3]dioxolyl, -1H-indol-5-yl, naphthyl, benzofuran-2-yl, 1,3,4,9-tetrahydro-b-carbolin-2-yl, piperidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, piperazin-4-yl-methyl or morpholinyl; R5 is —NR2, wherein R may be the same or different and is hydrogen, lower alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, —CO-lower alkyl, —CO-lower alkoxy, -lower alkenyl, —CO(CH2)n-phenyl or —COO(CH2)n-phenyl, wherein the phenyl ring is optionally substituted by CF3, lower alkoxy, halogen or lower alkyl, —CO(CH2)3-NHCO-lower alkoxy, —(CH2)n-phenyl, wherein the phenyl ring is optionally substituted by lower alkoxy, CF3 or halogen, or is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl-benzoic acid, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzoic acid or 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-[1,3]diazepin-2-yl-benzoic acid; n is 0-4 and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts
    该发明涉及以下式的化合物: 其中 R1是一个含有1至3个杂原子(N、O或S)的5或6元杂芳基团,该基团可以选择性地被一个或两个取代基取代,这些取代基可以是较低的烷基、—(CH2)nOH、卤素或较低的烷氧基,其中这些杂芳基团可以选择性地通过烷基或烯基基团与吡唑环连接,或者是苯基,可以选择性地被一个或两个取代基取代,这些取代基可以是较低的烷基、羟基较低烷基、卤素、羟基或较低的烷氧基,或者是—O(CH2)n、苯基、苯并呋喃基、吲哚基或苯并噻吩基,或者是—S-较低烷基; R2和R4彼此独立地是氢、氰基或—S(O)2-苯基; R3是氢、卤素或者是一个含有1至3个杂原子(N、O或S)的5或6元杂芳基团,该基团可以选择性地被一个或两个取代基取代,这些取代基可以是较低的烷基、—(CH2)n-芳基、羟基、卤素、较低的烷氧基、吗啉基、氨基、较低的烷基氨基或—C(O)NR′2,其中R′是较低的烷基或氢,或者是苯基,可以选择性地被一个或两个取代基取代,这些取代基可以是卤素、较低的烷基、较低的烷氧基、氨基、二较低烷基氨基、三氟甲基、—OCF3、—NHC(O)较低烷基、氰基、—C(O)-较低烷基、—C(O)O-较低烷基、—S-较低烷基、—S(O)2NH-苯基、—S(O)2-甲基哌嗪基;或者是—NR′R″,其中R′和R″彼此独立地是氢、—(CH2)n苯基,该苯环可以选择性地被卤素或较低的烷氧基取代,—CH(较低烷基)-苯基、茚基、1,2,3,4-四氢萘基,或环烷基;或者是—O-苯基,该苯环可以选择性地被卤素、较低的烷基或较低的烷氧基取代,—O-四氢萘基或—O—CH2-6-甲基吡啶-2-基;或者是-苯并[1,3]二噁咯基、-1H-吲哚-5-基、萘基、苯并呋喃-2-基、1,3,4,9-四氢-β-咔啉-2-基、哌啶-1-基、吡咯烷-1-基、哌嗪-4-基-甲基或吗啉基; R5是—NR2,其中R可以相同也可以不同,是氢、较低的烷基、苯基、苄基、—CO-较低烷基、—CO-较低烷氧基、-较低烯基、—CO(CH2)n-苯基或—COO(CH2)n-苯基,其中苯环可以选择性地被三氟甲基、较低的烷氧基、卤素或较低的烷基取代,—CO(CH2)3-NHCO-较低烷氧基、—(CH2)n-苯基,其中苯环可以选择性地被较低的烷氧基、三氟甲基或卤素取代,或者是4,5-二氢-1H-咪唑-2-基-苯甲酸、1,4,5,6-四氢-嘧啶-2-基-苯甲酸或4,5,6,7-四氢-1H-[1,3]二氮杂环己-2-基-苯甲酸; n为0-4 及其药学上可接受的盐
  • PREPARATION METHOD AND USE OF COMPOUNDS HAVING HIGH INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITIES
    申请人:Li Zhong
    公开号:US20090111847A1
    公开(公告)日:2009-04-30
    The present invention discloses a kind of nitromethylene derivatives as well as their preparation method and their uses. The insecticidal activity tests show that the nitromethylene derivatives of the present invention not only show high insecticidal activities against insects with piercing-sucking type or scratching type mouthparts, such as aphid, leafhopper, plant hopper, thrips and white fly and their resistant strains, but also show high insecticidal activities against Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus , carmine spider mite, and they can also be used to prevent sanitary pest, and white ant.
    本发明公开了一种亚硝基甲烯衍生物,以及它们的制备方法和用途。杀虫活性测试表明,本发明的亚硝基甲烯衍生物不仅对具有刺吸型或擦伤型口器的昆虫(如蚜虫、叶蝉、植食蝗、蓟马和烟粉虱及其抗性品系)表现出高杀虫活性,而且对水稻纵卷叶象、胭脂蜘蛛螨等也表现出高杀虫活性,它们还可用于预防卫生害虫和白蚁。
  • [EN] QUINAZOLINONE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DERIVES DE QUINAZOLINONE
    申请人:CELLTECH R&D LTD
    公开号:WO2004018462A1
    公开(公告)日:2004-03-04
    A compound of formula (1): wherein: X is an oxygen or sulfur atom; R1 is an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or cycloalkyl-alkyl-group; R2 is an optionally substituted heteroaromatic group or a -CN group; R3 is a group -(Alk1)mL1(Alk2)nR6 in which m and n, which may be the same or different, is each zero or the integer 1, Alk1 and Alk2, which may be the same or different, is each an optionally substituted aliphatic or heteroaliphatic chain, L1 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group and R6 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted cycloaliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic group; R4 is a group -(Alk3)pL2(Alk4)qR7 in which p and q, which may be the same or different, is each zero or the integer 1, Alk3 and Alk4, which may be the same or different, is each an optionally substituted aliphatic or heteroaliphatic chain, L2 is a covalent bond or a linker atom or group and R7 is a hydrogen or halogen atom or a -CN group or an optionally substituted cycloaliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic group; R5 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted aliphatic group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates, tautomers, isomers or N-oxides thereof. The compounds of the present invention are potent inhibitors of IMPDH.
    翻译结果如下: 公式(1)的化合物:其中:X是氧原子或硫原子;R1是脂肪族、环脂肪族或环烷基-烷基团;R2是可选地取代的杂芳基团或-CN基团;R3是组-(Alk1)mL1(Alk2)nR6,其中m和n相同或不同,都是零或整数1,Alk1和Alk2相同或不同,都是可选地取代的脂肪族或杂脂肪族链,L1是共价键或连接原子或团,R6是氢原子或可选地取代的环脂肪族、杂环脂肪族、芳香族或杂芳族团;R4是组-(Alk3)pL2(Alk4)qR7,其中p和q相同或不同,都是零或整数1,Alk3和Alk4相同或不同,都是可选地取代的脂肪族或杂脂肪族链,L2是共价键或连接原子或团,R7是氢或卤素原子或-CN基团或可选地取代的环脂肪族、杂环脂肪族、芳香族或杂芳族团;R5是氢原子或可选地取代的脂肪族团;以及其盐、溶剂化物、水合物、互变异构体、同分异构体或N-氧化物。本发明的化合物是IMPDH的强效抑制剂。
  • Cyclic diamine compound with condensed-ring groups
    申请人:Kowa Co., Ltd.
    公开号:US20030060461A1
    公开(公告)日:2003-03-27
    A cyclic diamine compound of formula (1): 1 wherein R 1 and R 2 are individually a hydrogen atom or a methoxy group, provided R 1 is a methoxy group when R 2 is a hydrogen atom, or a hydrogen atom when R 2 is a methoxy group; A is an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, CH═CH, CH═N or NR 3 , in which R 3 is a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, lower alkoxy lower alkyl, aryl or aryl lower alkyl group; B is a nitrogen atom, CH or CR 4 , in which R 4 is a hydrogen atom, or a lower alkyl, hydroxy lower alkyl, lower alkoxy lower alkyl, aryl or aryl lower alkyl group; m is 1 or 2; and n is a number of 1 to 5, an acid-addition salt thereof, or a hydrate thereof. The compound has inhibitory effects on cell adhesion and is useful for treatment of allergy, asthma, rheumatism, arteriosclerosis, and inflammation.
    公式(1)所示的环状二胺化合物:1 其中R1和R2分别是个别氢原子或甲氧基,条件是当R2是氢原子时R1是甲氧基,或者当R2是甲氧基时R1是氢原子;A是氧原子、硫原子、CH═CH、CH═N或NR3,其中R3是氢原子,或者是低级烷基、羟基低级烷基、低级烷氧基低级烷基、芳基或芳基低级烷基团;B是氮原子、CH或CR4,其中R4是氢原子,或者是低级烷基、羟基低级烷基、低级烷氧基低级烷基、芳基或芳基低级烷基团;m是1或2;n是1到5的数字,其酸加成盐,或其水合物。该化合物具有抑制细胞粘附的作用,并且对于治疗过敏、哮喘、风湿病、动脉硬化以及炎症是有用的。
  • SULFONYL AMIDE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF ABNORMAL CELL GROWTH
    申请人:Luzzio Michael Joseph
    公开号:US20090054395A1
    公开(公告)日:2009-02-26
    The present invention relates to a compound of the formula I wherein R 1 to R 6 , A, B, n and m are as defined herein. Such novel sulfonyl amide derivatives are useful in the treatment of abnormal cell growth, such as cancer, in mammals. This invention also relates to a method of using such compounds in the treatment of abnormal cell growth in mammals, especially humans, and to pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds.
    本发明涉及一种具有以下式I的化合物 其中R 1 至R 6 ,A,B,n和m如本文所定义。这种新型磺酰胺衍生物在治疗哺乳动物(如癌症)中的异常细胞生长方面是有用的。本发明还涉及一种在治疗哺乳动物(尤其是人类)中的异常细胞生长中使用这种化合物的方法,以及含有这种化合物的药物组合物。
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
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ir
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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