摘要:
Metal-silicon bond disruption enthalpies have been measured for a series of U, Zr, and Sm metallocene complexes: Cp(3)USi(TMS)(3), Cp(2)Zr(Cl)Si(TMS)(3), Cp(2)Zr(Me)Si(TMS)(3), Cp(2)Zr(TMS)Si(TMS)(3), Cp(2)Zr(TMS)O-(t)Bu, Cp'2SmSiH(TMS)(2) (Cp=eta(5)-C5H5, Cp' = eta(5)-Me(5)C(5), TMS = trimethylsilyl). Data were obtained by anaerobic batch-titration solution calorimetry in toluene. Derived metal-ligand bond enthalpies D(L(n)M-R) in kcal mol(-1) are: D[Cp(3)U-Si(TMS)(3)] = 37(3), D[Cp(2)(Cl)Zr-Si(TMS)(3)] = 57(3), D[Cp(2)(Me)Zr-Si(TMS)(3)] = 56(5), D[Cp(2)(Si(TMS)(3))Zr-Me] = 66(5), D[Cp(2)(O-(t)Bu)Zr-TMS] = 60(5), D[Cp(2)(TMS)Zr-Si(TMS)(3)] = 42(11), D[Cp(2)(Si(TMS)(3))Zr-TMS] = 45(7), D[Cp'Sm-2-SiH(TMS)(2)] = 43(5). These results show that metal-silicon bond disruption enthalpies involving these electron-deficient metals are substantially smaller than those of the corresponding metal hydride and hydrocarbyl bends. These data in combination with previously measured metal-ligand bond enthalpies allow thermodynamic analyses of a variety of stoichiometric and catalytic transformations involving metal silyl functionalities. The latter include potential pathways for dehydrogenative silane polymerization, dehydrogenative silane-hydrocarbon coupling, olefin hydrosilylation, and dehydrogenative silane-amine coupling. It is not uncommon for there to be multiple pathways which effect the same catalytic transformation and which contain no steps having major enthalpic impediments.