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1-hydrazinophthalazine | 1044569-46-1

中文名称
——
中文别名
——
英文名称
1-hydrazinophthalazine
英文别名
Hydralazine;hydralazin;phthalazin-1-ylhydrazine
1-hydrazinophthalazine化学式
CAS
1044569-46-1
化学式
C8H8N4
mdl
MFCD00599497
分子量
160.178
InChiKey
RPTUSVTUFVMDQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 沸点:
    353.3±25.0 °C(Predicted)
  • 密度:
    1.39±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 物理描述:
    Solid
  • 熔点:
    172-173 °C
  • 溶解度:
    <1mg/mL
  • 保留指数:
    1530;1528

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    0.7
  • 重原子数:
    12
  • 可旋转键数:
    1
  • 环数:
    2.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.0
  • 拓扑面积:
    63.8
  • 氢给体数:
    2
  • 氢受体数:
    4

ADMET

代谢
乙酰化是肼屈嗪的一种次要代谢途径;主要的代谢途径是羟基化随后是葡萄糖醛酸化。肼屈嗪有5种已知的代谢途径。肼屈嗪可以被代谢为酞嗪或α-酮戊二酸肼。这些代谢物可以进一步转化为酞嗪酮或肼屈嗪可以直接代谢为酞嗪酮。肼屈嗪可以经历一个可逆的转化,形成活性肼屈嗪丙酮肼。肼屈嗪会自发转化为活性丙酸肼或丙酸肼三环脱水产物,这些代谢物可以在这两种形式之间相互转化。肼屈嗪可以被转化为肼酞嗪酮,后者进一步转化为活性乙酰肼酞嗪酮。肼屈嗪可以进行的最后一个代谢过程是转化为一种未命名的肼屈嗪代谢物,该代谢物进一步代谢为3-甲基-s-三唑酞嗪(MTP)。MTP可以被代谢为9-羟基-甲基三唑酞嗪或3-羟基-甲基三唑酞嗪;后者转化为三唑酞嗪。
Acetylation is a minor metabolic pathway for hydralazine; the major pathway is hydroxylation followed by glucuronidation. There are 5 identified metabolic pathways for hydralazine. Hydralazine can be metabolized to phthalazine or α-ketoglutarate hydrazone. These metabolites can be further converted to phthalazinone or hydralazine can be metabolized directly to phthalazinone. Hydralazine can undergo a reversible converstion to the active hydralazine acetone hydrazone. Hydralazine is spontaneously converted to the active pyruvic acid hydrazone or the pyruvic acid hydrazone tricyclic dehydration product, and these metabolites can convert back and forth between these 2 forms. Hydralazine can be converted to hydrazinophthalazinone, which is further converted to the active acetylhydrazinophthalazinone. The final metabolic process hydralazine can undergo is the conversion to an unnamed hydralazine metabolite, which is further metabolized to 3-methyl-s-triazolophthalazine (MTP). MTP can be metabolized to 9-hydroxy-methyltriazolophthalazine or 3-hydroxy-methyltriazolophthalazine; the latter is converted to triazolophthalazine.
来源:DrugBank
代谢
海普瑞拉嗪已知的人体代谢物包括海普瑞拉嗪N-乙酰化物。
Hydralazine has known human metabolites that include hydralazine N-acetyl.
来源:NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
毒理性
  • 肝毒性
血清转氨酶升高在肼屈嗪治疗中被认为是不常见的。然而,肼屈嗪与急性肝损伤伴黄疸的病例以及迟发性狼疮样综合征有明确的关联。描述了两种与肝损伤相关的临床模式,分别与短期(2至6周)或长期(2个月至超过1年)潜伏期相关。临床上明显的肝损伤通常是肝细胞型的,尽管也报道了胆汁淤积型(案例1)。在短期潜伏期的病例中,皮疹、发热和嗜酸性粒细胞增多是常见的,发作通常是突然和严重的,并且恢复迅速。在长期潜伏期(案例2)的病例中,发作更为隐匿,肝活检可能类似于慢性肝炎并显示纤维化,并且常存在自身抗体。晚期肝炎也可能伴随肼屈嗪引起的狼疮样综合征,特别是在高剂量治疗6个月或更长时间时。恢复可能需要较长时间。在因结构相关抗高血压药物二肼屈嗪(在欧洲可用,但在美国不可用)导致肝毒性的患者中,已经识别出针对P450系统(CYP 1A2)异构体的自身抗体,与肼屈嗪相比,二肼屈嗪与更高的肝毒性率相关。
Serum aminotransferase elevations during hydralazine therapy are considered uncommon. However, hydralazine has been clearly linked to cases of acute liver injury with jaundice as well as a delayed lupus-like syndrome. Two clinical patterns of hepatic injury have been described, associated with either a short (2 to 6 weeks) or long (2 months to more than a year) latency period. The clinically apparent liver injury is usually hepatocellular, although cholestatic forms have also been reported (Case 1). In cases with a short latency period, rash, fever and eosinophilia are common and the onset is typically abrupt and severe, and recovery is rapid. In cases with a longer latency (Case 2), the onset is more typically insidious, liver biopsy may resemble chronic hepatitis and demonstrate fibrosis, and autoantibodies are often present. The late form of hepatitis may also accompany the lupus-like syndrome that occurs with hydralazine, particularly in high doses when given for 6 months or more. Recovery can be prolonged. Autoantibodies to isoforms of the P450 system (CYP 1A2) have been identified in patients with hepatotoxicity due to the structurally related antihypertensive agent dihydralazine (available in Europe, but not the United States) and which is associated with a higher rate of hepatotoxicity than hydralazine.
来源:LiverTox
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
化合物:肼苯哒嗪
Compound:hydralazine
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
DILI 注解:较少的药物性肝损伤关注
DILI Annotation:Less-DILI-Concern
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
严重性等级:3
Severity Grade:3
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
毒理性
  • 药物性肝损伤
不良反应部分
Label Section:Adverse reactions
来源:Drug Induced Liver Injury Rank (DILIrank) Dataset
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
口服肼苯哒嗪时与食物同服可以提高药物的生物利用度。静脉注射0.3mg/kg的剂量会导致曲线下面积(AUC)为17.5-29.4µM·min,而口服1mg/kg的剂量则导致AUC为4.0-30.4µM·min。口服肼苯哒嗪的Cmax(最大血药浓度)为0.12-1.31µM,这取决于患者的乙酰化状态。
Taking oral hydralazine with food improves the bioavailability of the drug. An intravenous dose of 0.3mg/kg leads to an AUC of 17.5-29.4µM\*min and a 1mg/kg oral dose leads to an AUC of 4.0-30.4µM\*min. The Cmax of oral hydralazine is 0.12-1.31µM depending on the acetylator status of patients.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 消除途径
10%的肼屈嗪在粪便中回收;65-90%在尿液中回收。
<10% of hydralazine is recovered in the feces; 65-90% is recovered in the urine.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 分布容积
充血性心力衰竭患者的分布容积为1.34±0.79L/kg,高血压患者的分布容积为1.98±0.22L/kg。
The volume of distribution is 1.34±0.79L/kg in congestive heart failure patients and 1.98±0.22L/kg in hypertensive patients.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 清除
大多数肼屈嗪的清除是在肝脏外进行的-快速乙酰化者的清除率为55%,慢速乙酰化者为70%。充血性心力衰竭患者的平均清除率为1.77±0.48L/kg/h,而高血压患者的平均清除率为42.7±8.9mL/min/kg。
The majority of hydralazine clearance is extrahepatic- 55% for rapid acetylators and 70% for slow acetylators. The average clearance in congestive heart failure patients is 1.77±0.48L/kg/h, while hypertensive patients have an average clearance of 42.7±8.9mL/min/kg.
来源:DrugBank

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
    • 1
    • 2
    • 3
    • 4

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Synthesis of hydrazine derivatives of pyridazine
    摘要:
    本发明涉及一种新型制备盐酸肼吡嗪和制备含吡嗪环的肼衍生物的新方法,包括例如吡嗪、邻苯二氮杂吡啉和其他含有吡嗪环的化合物。
    公开号:
    US20050137397A1
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    2,3-二氮杂萘三氯异氰尿酸一水合肼 作用下, 以 乙醇N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 为溶剂, 反应 5.0h, 生成 1-hydrazinophthalazine
    参考文献:
    名称:
    肼基酞嗪类抗疟原虫恶性疟原虫的合成及体外评价
    摘要:
    在此报告中,我们描述了使用布朗斯台德酸性离子液体合成1-(Phthalazin-4-yl)-肼的合成方法,并证明了其抑制人类疟疾寄生虫恶性疟原虫无性发育的能力。通过计算研究,我们筛选了对潜在的寄生虫蛋白二氢乳清酸脱氢酶(DHODH)具有潜在结合亲和力的化学支架。此外,这些化合物在实验室中合成并针对恶性疟原虫进行了测试。我们库中的几种化合物在低微摩尔浓度下显示抑制活性,而细胞毒性作用最小。这些结果表明,肼苯哒嗪衍生物作为参考支架开发新型抗疟药的潜力。
    DOI:
    10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.05.049
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    双氯芬酸1-hydrazinophthalazine 、 cytochrome P450 2C9 作用下, 以 aq. buffer 为溶剂, 生成 4’-羟基双氯芬酸
    参考文献:
    名称:
    评估肼屈嗪作为反应表型的醛氧化酶抑制剂的细胞色素P450选择性。
    摘要:
    据报道,肼屈嗪是一种基于选择性机理的醛氧化酶(AO)灭活剂,它在制药行业中广泛用于反应表型分析,以评估AO代谢的组分并鉴定AO底物。然而,在这项研究中,发现肼苯哒嗪在化学表型测定条件下以化学敲除大多数AO活性(≥50μM)的浓度抑制人悬液肝细胞中的CYP1A2、2B6、2D6和3A。此外,肼屈嗪是CYP1A2的时间依赖性抑制剂。基于这些发现,在体外研究中使用肼屈嗪作为AO抑制剂时需要采取预防措施,因为由AO代谢的级分可能被高估,并且在识别AO底物​​时出现假阳性的可能性增加。
    DOI:
    10.1016/j.xphs.2018.11.007
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文献信息

  • [EN] NOVEL COMPOUNDS AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS THEREOF FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX COMPOSÉS ET COMPOSITIONS PHARMACEUTIQUES LES COMPRENANT POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE TROUBLES INFLAMMATOIRES
    申请人:GALAPAGOS NV
    公开号:WO2017012647A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-01-26
    The present invention discloses compounds according to Formula (I), wherein R1, R3, R4, R5, L1, and Cy are as defined herein. The present invention also provides compounds, methods for the production of said compounds of the invention, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and their use in allergic or inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, proliferative diseases, transplantation rejection, diseases involving impairment of cartilage turnover, congenital cartilage malformations, and/or diseases associated with hypersecretion of IL6 and/or interferons. The present invention also methods for the prevention and/or treatment of the aforementioned diseases by administering a compound of the invention.
    本发明公开了根据式(I)的化合物,其中R1、R3、R4、R5、L1和Cy如本文所定义。本发明还提供了该发明的化合物、制备该化合物的方法、包括相同化合物的药物组合物以及它们在过敏或炎症症状、自身免疫疾病、增殖性疾病、移植排斥、涉及软骨周转障碍的疾病、先天软骨畸形和/或与IL6和/或干扰素过度分泌相关的疾病中的使用。本发明还提供了通过给予该发明的化合物来预防和/或治疗上述疾病的方法。
  • [EN] METALLOENZYME INHIBITOR COMPOUNDS<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS INHIBITEURS DE MÉTALLOENZYMES
    申请人:VPS 3 INC
    公开号:WO2018165520A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-09-13
    Provided are compounds having HDAC6 modulating activity, and methods of treating diseases, disorders or symptoms thereof mediated by HDAC6.
    提供具有HDAC6调节活性的化合物,以及通过HDAC6介导的治疗疾病、疾病或症状的方法。
  • [EN] PYRROLOPYRIMIDINES<br/>[FR] PYRROLOPYRIMIDINES
    申请人:JANSSEN PHARMACEUTICA NV
    公开号:WO2009016132A1
    公开(公告)日:2009-02-05
    The present invention relates to compounds or pharmaceutically-acceptable salts thereof, processes for preparing them, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in therapy. The invention particularly relates to compounds that are polo-like kinase (PLKs) inhibitors useful for the treatment of disease states mediated by PLK, especially PLK4, in particular such compounds that are useful in the treatment of pathological processes which involve an aberrant cellular proliferation, such as tumour growth, rheumatoid arthritis, restenosis and atherosclerosis.
    本发明涉及化合物或其药用盐,制备它们的方法,含有它们的药物组合物以及它们在治疗中的用途。该发明特别涉及一类极化样激酶(PLKs)抑制剂化合物,用于治疗由PLK介导的疾病状态,特别是PLK4,特别是在治疗涉及异常细胞增殖的病理过程中有用的化合物,如肿瘤生长、类风湿性关节炎、再狭窄和动脉粥样硬化。
  • RENIN INHIBITORS
    申请人:Jones Benjamin
    公开号:US20100210635A1
    公开(公告)日:2010-08-19
    Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, kits and methods are provided for use with Renin that comprise a compound selected from the group consisting of: wherein the variables are as defined herein.
    提供了用于与Renin一起使用的化合物、药物组合物、试剂盒和方法,其中包括从以下组中选择的化合物:其中变量如本文所定义。
  • Metallomics for Alzheimer's disease treatment: Use of new generation of chelators combining metal-cation binding and transport properties
    作者:Cosimo Walter D'Acunto、Robert Kaplánek、Helena Gbelcová、Zdeněk Kejík、Tomáš Bříza、Liudmila Vasina、Martin Havlík、Tomáš Ruml、Vladimír Král
    DOI:10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.084
    日期:2018.4
    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting tens of million people. Currently marketed drugs have limited therapeutic efficacy and only slowing down the neurodegenerative process. Interestingly, it has been suggested that biometal cations in the amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregate deposits contribute to neurotoxicity and degenerative changes in AD. Thus, chelation therapy
    阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)是一种影响数千万人的进行性神经退行性疾病。当前市售的药物具有有限的治疗功效并且仅减慢了神经退行性过程。有趣的是,已经提出淀粉样β(Aβ)聚集物中的生物金属阳离子有助于AD的神经毒性和退行性改变。因此,螯合疗法可以代表治疗干预的新模式。在这里,我们描述了具有治疗相关作用机制的螯合剂的特征。我们已经发现,测试的化合物有效地降低了外源性Aβ的毒性并抑制了其内源性产生以及降低了氧化应激。发现胆甾醇azo是最活泼的化合物。总而言之,我们的数据表明阳离子络合,
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表征谱图

  • 氢谱
    1HNMR
  • 质谱
    MS
  • 碳谱
    13CNMR
  • 红外
    IR
  • 拉曼
    Raman
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mass
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  • 峰位数据
  • 峰位匹配
  • 表征信息
Shift(ppm)
Intensity
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Assign
Shift(ppm)
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测试频率
样品用量
溶剂
溶剂用量
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