植物提取物是指从天然植物中经过物理、化学或生物技术方法提取出的有效成分或活性物质的统称。这些植物主要来源于陆地和海洋中的各种植物,包括草本植物、灌木、树木以及藻类等。
提取方法随着科学技术的进步,植物提取物的研究与应用日益广泛。研究人员不仅致力于提高提取效率和纯度,还积极探索新的分离技术及组分鉴定方法,以更好地揭示其化学成分及其生物学效应。
挑战与前景尽管植物提取物具有巨大的市场潜力和发展空间,但在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战,如有效成分的稳定性和安全性问题、标准体系不完善等。未来的研究需要更加注重综合评价和合理利用天然资源,以促进该领域的可持续发展。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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芦荟提取物 | 3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1-(4-methylphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one | 85507-69-3 | C16H13NO3 |
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芦荟大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷 | aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 33037-46-6 | C21H20O10 |
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芍药苷 | paeoniflorin | 23180-57-6 | C23H28O11 |
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芍药新苷 | [4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-10-methyl-14-oxo-2,7,9,13-tetraoxapentacyclo[8.7.0.01,15.03,8.012,16]heptadecan-15-yl]methyl benzoate | 88623-95-4 | C23H26O10 |
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色酚AS-G | naphthol ASG | 91-96-3 | C22H24N2O4 |
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脱氧乌头碱 | [(2R,3R,5R,6S,7S,8R,13S,16S,17R,18R)-8-acetyloxy-11-ethyl-5,7-dihydroxy-6,16,18-trimethoxy-13-(methoxymethyl)-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-4-yl] benzoate | 3175-95-9 | C34H47NO10 |
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脑苷脂 B | cerebroside B | 88642-46-0 | C41H77NO9 |
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胡黄连苷III | picroside III | 64461-95-6 | C25H30O13 |
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肌醇六磷酸酯六锌盐 | Zinc phytate | 63903-51-5 | C6H6O24P6Zn6 |
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肉苁蓉苷A | [(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-6-[2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 93236-42-1 | C36H48O20 |
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老刺木胺 | methyl (1S,15R,17S,18S)-17-ethyl-6-[(1S,12R,14R,15E,18R)-15-ethylidene-18-methoxycarbonyl-17-methyl-10,17-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8-tetraen-12-yl]-7-methoxy-3,13-diazapentacyclo[13.3.1.02,10.04,9.013,18]nonadeca-2(10),4,6,8-tetraene-1-carboxylate | 3371-85-5 | C43H52N4O5 |
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美登醇 | Maytansine, O3-de2-(acetylmethylamino)-1-oxopropyl- | 57103-68-1 | C28H37ClN2O8 |
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罗汉果苷IIE | mogroside IIE | 88901-38-6 | C42H72O14 |
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罗汉果苷IA1 | mogroside IA<sub>1</sub> | 88901-46-6 | C36H62O9 |
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罗汉果皂苷ⅢE | mogroside IIIE | 88901-37-5 | C48H82O19 |
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罗汉果皂苷IV | (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,8R,9R,10S,11R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(5R)-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 89590-95-4 | C54H92O24 |
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缬草醛 | baldrinal | 18234-46-3 | C12H10O4 |
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缝籽木蓁甲醚 | Geissoschizine methyl ether | 60314-89-8 | C22H26N2O3 |
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维采宁-2 | vicenin-2 | 23666-13-9 | C27H30O15 |
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维司那定 | Vibeline | 477-32-7 | C21H24O7 |
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续断苷B | Dipsanoside B | 889678-64-2 | C66H90O37 |
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绞股蓝甙 | gypenoside IX | 80321-63-7 | C47H80O17 |
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细辛酮 | 3,3,5,8,10,10-hexamethoxy-7,11-bis(prop-2-enyl)tricyclo[6.2.2.02,7]dodeca-5,11-diene-4,9-dione | 38451-63-7 | C24H32O8 |
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红景天提取物 | Percoll | 97404-52-9 | C186H243N29O26S6 |
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紫苏烯 | perillene | 539-52-6 | C10H14O |
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紫杉醇侧链 | (4S,5R)-3-benzoyl-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-oxazolidinecarboxylic acid | 949023-16-9 | C24H21NO5 |
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粗叶悬钩子甙 | quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-hf(1->6)-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)1->2)]-O-β-D-galactopyranoside | 124151-38-8 | C33H40O20 |
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箭根薯酮内酯B | taccalonolide B | 108885-69-4 | C34H44O13 |
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箭根薯酮内酯A | taccalonolide A | 108885-68-3 | C36H46O14 |
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管花苷A | [5-Acetyloxy-6-[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy]-2-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-3-yl] 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate | 112516-05-9 | C37H48O21 |
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竹红菌乙素 | hypocrellin-B | 123940-54-5 | C30H24O9 |
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积雪草苷-B | asiaticoside B | 125265-68-1 | C48H78O20 |
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积雪草苷 | asiaticoside | 16830-15-2 | C48H78O19 |
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碟豆宁 | Clitorin | 55804-74-5 | C33H40O19 |
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硬脂醇甘草亭酸酯 | stearyl glycyrrhetinate | 13832-70-7 | C48H82O4 |
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硫酸长春质碱 | catharanthine sulfate | 70674-90-7 | C21H26N2O6S |
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石蒜裂碱 | Lycorenine | 477-19-0 | C18H23NO4 |
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石松灵碱 | lycodoline | 6900-92-1 | C16H25NO2 |
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石当归素 | saxalin | 132435-36-0 | C16H15ClO5 |
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短葶山麦冬皂苷C | b-D-Galactopyranoside, (3b,25R)-spirost-5-en-3-ylO-6-deoxy-a-L-mannopyranosyl-(1®2)-O-[b-D-xylopyranosyl-(1®3)]- | 65604-80-0 | C44H70O16 |
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短小蛇根草苷 | pumiloside | 126722-26-7 | C26H28N2O9 |
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短叶苏木酚酸甲酯 | methyl brevifolincarboxylate | 154702-76-8 | C14H10O8 |
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知母皂苷C | timosaponin C | 185432-00-2 | C45H74O18 |
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知母皂苷B | Pseudoprototimosaponin aiii | 142759-74-8 | C45H74O18 |
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知母皂苷A1 | timosaponin A I | 68422-00-4 | C33H54O8 |
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矢车菊素3-阿拉伯糖苷 | Cyanidin 3-b-L-arabinoside | 27214-72-8 | C20H19O10+ |
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矢车菊素 3-O-alpha-L-阿拉伯糖吡喃糖苷 | cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside | 27214-72-8 | C20H19O10*Cl |
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盾叶新苷 | zingiberensis saponin I | 91653-50-8 | C51H82O22 |
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益母草苷A | (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-((1S,4aR,5R,7S,7aS)-5,7-Dihydroxy-7-methyl-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-cyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yloxy)-6-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-3,4,5-triol | 52949-83-4 | C15H24O9 |
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皱唐松草宁碱 | Thalrugosaminine | 22226-73-9 | C39H44N2O7 |
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