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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 提取物 植物提取物

    植物提取物

    植物提取物 定义与来源

    植物提取物是指从天然植物中经过物理、化学或生物技术方法提取出的有效成分或活性物质的统称。这些植物主要来源于陆地和海洋中的各种植物，包括草本植物、灌木、树木以及藻类等。

    提取方法
    1. 溶剂萃取：使用乙醇、水或其他有机溶剂对植物原料进行浸泡提取。
    2. 超临界流体萃取：利用二氧化碳作为溶剂，在特定条件下从植物中萃取出目标成分。
    3. 膜分离技术：通过物理或化学方法，将植物液中的有用成分分离出来。
    4. 酶解法：利用酶的作用来分解植物细胞壁或其他结构，释放出内部的有效物质。
    应用领域
    • 医药行业：用于开发新药、保健品和中药提取物等。
    • 化妆品与个人护理品：提供天然保湿剂、抗氧化成分及美容养颜的功效。
    • 食品工业：作为天然色素、香精、调味料或营养补充剂的来源。
    • 环保领域：用作生物降解材料、吸附剂或其他功能性添加剂。
    研究进展

    随着科学技术的进步，植物提取物的研究与应用日益广泛。研究人员不仅致力于提高提取效率和纯度，还积极探索新的分离技术及组分鉴定方法，以更好地揭示其化学成分及其生物学效应。

    挑战与前景

    尽管植物提取物具有巨大的市场潜力和发展空间，但在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战，如有效成分的稳定性和安全性问题、标准体系不完善等。未来的研究需要更加注重综合评价和合理利用天然资源，以促进该领域的可持续发展。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— 13-oxyingenol-dodecanoate 54706-70-6 C32H50O7
    13-oxyingenol-dodecanoate
    —— soya-cerebroside II 115074-93-6 C40H75NO9
    soya-cerebroside II
    —— [2'R-{2'α,3'aα,4'β,7'aα}]-7'a-{β-D-glucopyranosyloxy}-1',3'a,4',7'a-tetrahydro-4'-hydroxy-2',4',6'-trimethyl-spiro[cyclopropane-1-5'-{5H}inden-3'{2'H}-one] 87625-62-5 C20H30O8
    [2'R-{2'α,3'aα,4'β,7'aα}]-7'a-{β-D-glucopyranosyloxy}-1',3'a,4',7'a-tetrahydro-4'-hydroxy-2',4',6'-trimethyl-spiro[cyclopropane-1-5'-{5H}inden-3'{2'H}-one]
    —— ptaquiloside 87625-62-5 C20H30O8
    ptaquiloside
    —— Quercetin-3-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-7-O-alpha-rhamnopyranoside 18016-58-5 C27H30O16
    Quercetin-3-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-7-O-alpha-rhamnopyranoside
    —— quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside 18016-58-5 C27H30O16
    quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside
    —— petiolaroside 18016-58-5 C27H30O16
    petiolaroside
    —— Flavonolglycosid C 18016-58-5 C27H30O16
    Flavonolglycosid C
    —— 2"-O-acetylsaikosaponin a 102934-42-9 C44H70O14
    2"-O-acetylsaikosaponin a
    —— Chrysin-7-β-D-glucuronid 35775-49-6 C21H18O10
    Chrysin-7-β-D-glucuronid
    —— rosiridin 100462-37-1 C16H28O7
    rosiridin
    —— δ-tocopherol 119-13-1 C27H46O2
    δ-tocopherol
    —— methyl (2Z)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylate 7560-49-8 C13H16O5
    methyl (2Z)-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylate
    —— Totarol 511-15-9 C20H30O
    Totarol
    —— (+/-)-totarol 511-15-9 C20H30O
    (+/-)-totarol
    —— (3R,8S)-falcarindiol 225110-25-8 C17H24O2
    (3R,8S)-falcarindiol
    —— kamebakaurin A 73981-34-7 C20H30O5
    kamebakaurin A
    —— 1-(3,4-Dihydroxycinnamoyl)quinic acid 1241-87-8 C16H18O9
    1-(3,4-Dihydroxycinnamoyl)quinic acid
    —— N-cis-caffeoyl putrescine 29554-26-5 C13H18N2O3
    N-cis-caffeoyl putrescine
    —— Neoherculin 504-97-2 C16H25NO
    Neoherculin
    —— (+)-Soyacerebroside I 114297-20-0 C40H75NO9
    (+)-Soyacerebroside I
    —— 7b-Hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20(22)-dien-26-oic acid 100665-43-8 C30H40O7
    7b-Hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20(22)-dien-26-oic acid
    —— 3b,7b-Dihydroxy-11,15,23-trioxolanosta-8,20(22)E-dien-26-oic acid 100665-41-6 C30H42O7
    3b,7b-Dihydroxy-11,15,23-trioxolanosta-8,20(22)E-dien-26-oic acid
    —— 2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[12-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-[(2Z)-6-methylhepta-2,5-dien-2-yl]-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol 105558-26-7 C36H60O7
    2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[[12-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-[(2Z)-6-methylhepta-2,5-dien-2-yl]-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (+)-Ginsenoside Rh4 174721-08-5 C36H60O8
    (+)-Ginsenoside Rh4
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bR)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 16830-15-2 C48H78O19
    [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bR)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate
    —— galgravin 528-63-2 C22H28O5
    galgravin
    —— methyl 2-[(1R,2S,4R,9R,10S,11R,15R)-6-(furan-3-yl)-7,9,11,15-tetramethyl-12,16-dioxo-3,17-dioxapentacyclo[9.6.1.02,9.04,8.015,18]octadeca-7,13-dien-10-yl]acetate 25990-37-8 C27H30O7
    methyl 2-[(1R,2S,4R,9R,10S,11R,15R)-6-(furan-3-yl)-7,9,11,15-tetramethyl-12,16-dioxo-3,17-dioxapentacyclo[9.6.1.02,9.04,8.015,18]octadeca-7,13-dien-10-yl]acetate
    —— 6-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-1-O-[(2alpha,3alpha,5xi,9xi)-2,3,23-trihydroxy-28-oxours-12-en-28-yl]-alpha-L-mannopyranose 16830-15-2 C48H78O19
    6-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-1-O-[(2alpha,3alpha,5xi,9xi)-2,3,23-trihydroxy-28-oxours-12-en-28-yl]-alpha-L-mannopyranose
    —— (1aR,2S,5R,5aR,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a-Octahydro-5,5a,6-trihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-1H-2,8a-methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-11-one 30220-46-3 C20H28O5
    (1aR,2S,5R,5aR,6S,8aS,9R,10aR)-1a,2,5,5a,6,9,10,10a-Octahydro-5,5a,6-trihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,1,7,9-tetramethyl-1H-2,8a-methanocyclopenta[a]cyclopropa[e]cyclodecen-11-one
    —— [(2S,4R,5S)-6-[[(2R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,6aR,6aS,6bR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 16830-15-2 C48H78O19
    [(2S,4R,5S)-6-[[(2R,4S,5S)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,6aR,6aS,6bR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate
    —— Ascomycin, Streptomyces hygroscopicus 11011-38-4 C43H69NO12
    Ascomycin, Streptomyces hygroscopicus
    —— thalrugosaminine 22226-73-9 C39H44N2O7
    thalrugosaminine
    —— 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-ium 14029-02-8 C13H20NO3+
    1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-ium
    —— Dipotassium 7-hydroxy-11b-methyl-2-{[2-O-(3-methylbutanoyl)-3-O-sulfo-4-O-sulfonatohexopyranosyl]oxy}-8-methylidenetetradecahydro-6a,9-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene-4-carboxylate 102130-43-8 C30H44K2O16S2
    Dipotassium 7-hydroxy-11b-methyl-2-{[2-O-(3-methylbutanoyl)-3-O-sulfo-4-O-sulfonatohexopyranosyl]oxy}-8-methylidenetetradecahydro-6a,9-methanocyclohepta[a]naphthalene-4-carboxylate
    —— methyl (1S,17S,18S)-17-ethyl-6-[(1S,12R,15Z)-15-ethylidene-18-methoxycarbonyl-17-methyl-10,17-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8-tetraen-12-yl]-7-methoxy-3,13-diazapentacyclo[13.3.1.02,10.04,9.013,18]nonadeca-2(10),4,6,8-tetraene-1-carboxylate 3371-85-5 C43H52N4O5
    methyl (1S,17S,18S)-17-ethyl-6-[(1S,12R,15Z)-15-ethylidene-18-methoxycarbonyl-17-methyl-10,17-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8-tetraen-12-yl]-7-methoxy-3,13-diazapentacyclo[13.3.1.02,10.04,9.013,18]nonadeca-2(10),4,6,8-tetraene-1-carboxylate
    —— syringetin 3-O-glucoside 40039-49-4 C23H24O13
    syringetin 3-O-glucoside
    —— 4-[(2-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)oxy]naphtho[2,3-b]furan-7(8h)-one 33889-70-2 C17H16O4
    4-[(2-Hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl)oxy]naphtho[2,3-b]furan-7(8h)-one
    —— hastatoside 50816-24-5 C17H24O11
    hastatoside
    —— Momor-cerebroside I 606125-07-9 C48H93NO10
    Momor-cerebroside I
    —— 3-Hydroxyspirost-5-en-1-yl 6-deoxy-2-O-(6-deoxyhexopyranosyl)hexopyranoside 38971-41-4 C39H62O12
    3-Hydroxyspirost-5-en-1-yl 6-deoxy-2-O-(6-deoxyhexopyranosyl)hexopyranoside
    —— dipotassium;[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[(1R,4R,5R,7R,9R,10S,13S,15S)-5-carboxy-15-hydroxy-9-methyl-14-methylidene-7-tetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecanyl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylbutanoyloxy)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-4-yl] sulfate 102130-43-8 C30H44K2O16S2
    dipotassium;[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[[(1R,4R,5R,7R,9R,10S,13S,15S)-5-carboxy-15-hydroxy-9-methyl-14-methylidene-7-tetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecanyl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylbutanoyloxy)-5-sulfonatooxyoxan-4-yl] sulfate
    —— Primulasaponin II 208599-88-6 C59H96O27
    Primulasaponin II
    —— epigallocatechin-(2β->7,4β->8)-epicatechin 103883-03-0 C30H24O13
    epigallocatechin-(2β->7,4β->8)-epicatechin
    —— (1S,4S,5R,6R,9S,10R,12R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-3,11,11,14-tetramethyltetracyclo[7.5.1.01,5.010,12]pentadeca-2,7-dien-15-one 30220-46-3 C20H28O5
    (1S,4S,5R,6R,9S,10R,12R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-3,11,11,14-tetramethyltetracyclo[7.5.1.01,5.010,12]pentadeca-2,7-dien-15-one
    —— methyl (1S,15S,17S,18S)-17-ethyl-6-[(1R,12R,14R)-15-ethylidene-18-methoxycarbonyl-17-methyl-10,17-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8-tetraen-12-yl]-7-methoxy-3,13-diazapentacyclo[13.3.1.02,10.04,9.013,18]nonadeca-2(10),4,6,8-tetraene-1-carboxylate 3371-85-5 C43H52N4O5
    methyl (1S,15S,17S,18S)-17-ethyl-6-[(1R,12R,14R)-15-ethylidene-18-methoxycarbonyl-17-methyl-10,17-diazatetracyclo[12.3.1.03,11.04,9]octadeca-3(11),4,6,8-tetraen-12-yl]-7-methoxy-3,13-diazapentacyclo[13.3.1.02,10.04,9.013,18]nonadeca-2(10),4,6,8-tetraene-1-carboxylate
    —— Aconifine 41849-35-8 C34H47NO12
    Aconifine
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-2-carboxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-carboxy-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 9046-40-6 C18H26O19
    (2S,3R,4S,5R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-2-carboxy-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-carboxy-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— 5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one 52187-80-1 C27H30O16
    5-hydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-3-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-7-[(3S,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one
    —— (Z)-6-(7,15-dihydroxy-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-3,11-dioxo-2,5,6,7,12,15,16,17-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-2-methyl-4-oxohept-5-enoic acid 100665-40-5 C30H42O7
    (Z)-6-(7,15-dihydroxy-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-3,11-dioxo-2,5,6,7,12,15,16,17-octahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-2-methyl-4-oxohept-5-enoic acid