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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 提取物 植物提取物

    植物提取物

    植物提取物 定义与来源

    植物提取物是指从天然植物中经过物理、化学或生物技术方法提取出的有效成分或活性物质的统称。这些植物主要来源于陆地和海洋中的各种植物，包括草本植物、灌木、树木以及藻类等。

    提取方法
    1. 溶剂萃取：使用乙醇、水或其他有机溶剂对植物原料进行浸泡提取。
    2. 超临界流体萃取：利用二氧化碳作为溶剂，在特定条件下从植物中萃取出目标成分。
    3. 膜分离技术：通过物理或化学方法，将植物液中的有用成分分离出来。
    4. 酶解法：利用酶的作用来分解植物细胞壁或其他结构，释放出内部的有效物质。
    应用领域
    • 医药行业：用于开发新药、保健品和中药提取物等。
    • 化妆品与个人护理品：提供天然保湿剂、抗氧化成分及美容养颜的功效。
    • 食品工业：作为天然色素、香精、调味料或营养补充剂的来源。
    • 环保领域：用作生物降解材料、吸附剂或其他功能性添加剂。
    研究进展

    随着科学技术的进步，植物提取物的研究与应用日益广泛。研究人员不仅致力于提高提取效率和纯度，还积极探索新的分离技术及组分鉴定方法，以更好地揭示其化学成分及其生物学效应。

    挑战与前景

    尽管植物提取物具有巨大的市场潜力和发展空间，但在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战，如有效成分的稳定性和安全性问题、标准体系不完善等。未来的研究需要更加注重综合评价和合理利用天然资源，以促进该领域的可持续发展。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(6aR,6bS,8aR,9S,12aR,14bR)-9-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 55304-02-4 C42H68O14
    (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(6aR,6bS,8aR,9S,12aR,14bR)-9-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— Protopseudohypericin 54328-09-5 C30H18O9
    Protopseudohypericin
    —— 1,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methylbenzo[g]isochromen-9-one 41743-74-2 C15H12O5
    1,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methylbenzo[g]isochromen-9-one
    —— 9-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione 560-62-3 C19H26O3
    9-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione
    —— (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(6R,8R,10R,12S,14S)-3,12-dihydroxy-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 80952-71-2 C36H62O9
    (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(6R,8R,10R,12S,14S)-3,12-dihydroxy-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-6-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— Anemarsaponin B 139051-27-7 C45H74O18
    Anemarsaponin B
    —— Unii-xnp7UO129A 123940-54-5 C30H24O9
    Unii-xnp7UO129A
    —— Isomucronulatol 7-O-glucoside 94367-43-8 C23H28O10
    Isomucronulatol 7-O-glucoside
    —— Artemotil 75887-54-6 C17H28O5
    Artemotil
    —— 20(R)-Protopanaxdiol-3-O-beta-D-glycopyranoside 112246-15-8 C36H62O8
    20(R)-Protopanaxdiol-3-O-beta-D-glycopyranoside
    —— (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[4-[(4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,13S)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosan-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 57944-18-0 C45H76O19
    (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[4-[(4S,6R,7S,8R,9S,13S)-16-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-hydroxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosan-6-yl]-2-methylbutoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(10R,12S,13R,14R,17S)-12-hydroxy-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol 38243-03-7 C42H72O13
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-[[(10R,12S,13R,14R,17S)-12-hydroxy-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— Pseudohypericin 55954-61-5 C30H16O9
    Pseudohypericin
    —— Clinopodiside A 142809-89-0 C48H78O19
    Clinopodiside A
    —— Columbin 546-97-4 C20H22O6
    Columbin
    —— 3β,6α,20(S)-trihydroxy-dammar-24-ene-12-one 20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 343780-69-8 C36H60O9
    3β,6α,20(S)-trihydroxy-dammar-24-ene-12-one 20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
    —— Pingbeimine C 128585-96-6 C27H43NO6
    Pingbeimine C
    —— [(2R,4S,9R,10S,16S)-2-hydroxy-5,5,9-trimethyl-14-methylidene-6,15-dioxo-16-tetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecanyl] acetate 80508-81-2 C22H30O5
    [(2R,4S,9R,10S,16S)-2-hydroxy-5,5,9-trimethyl-14-methylidene-6,15-dioxo-16-tetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecanyl] acetate
    —— Oleanoside E 7518-22-1 C47H74O18
    Oleanoside E
    —— Rhodojaponin III 26342-66-5 C20H32O6
    Rhodojaponin III
    —— Ursolic acid methylester 32208-45-0 C31H50O3
    Ursolic acid methylester
    —— Ursolinsaeuremethylester 32208-45-0 C31H50O3
    Ursolinsaeuremethylester
    —— 11,17-Dihydroxy-6-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 6870-94-6 C22H30O4
    11,17-Dihydroxy-6-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione
    —— 3-oxo-N-phenyl-4-(phenylhydrazinylidene)naphthalene-2-carboxamide 3789-75-1 C23H17N3O2
    3-oxo-N-phenyl-4-(phenylhydrazinylidene)naphthalene-2-carboxamide
    —— 2-[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 32449-98-2 C39H63NO11
    2-[4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1S,2S,4S,5'R,6R,7S,8R,9S,12S,13R,16S)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— (+)-isofebrifugine 496-32-2 C16H19N3O3
    (+)-isofebrifugine
    —— methyl (2S)-4-[[(1R)-2-acetyl-6,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-3-ethenyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate 15401-60-2 C27H35NO12
    methyl (2S)-4-[[(1R)-2-acetyl-6,7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-3-ethenyl-2-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylate
    —— asatone 38451-63-7 C24H32O8
    asatone
    —— (1R,3S,6S,10S,11S)-3,12-dimethyl-7-methylidene-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.0.01,3.06,10]tetradec-12-en-8-one 84692-91-1 C15H18O3
    (1R,3S,6S,10S,11S)-3,12-dimethyl-7-methylidene-2,9-dioxatetracyclo[9.3.0.01,3.06,10]tetradec-12-en-8-one
    —— gypenoside-XVII 80321-69-3 C48H82O18
    gypenoside-XVII
    —— epieudesmin 526-06-7 C22H26O6
    epieudesmin
    —— Diosmetin-7-O-α-D-glucopyranosid 20126-59-4 C22H22O11
    Diosmetin-7-O-α-D-glucopyranosid
    —— diosmetin-7-O-glucoside 20126-59-4 C22H22O11
    diosmetin-7-O-glucoside
    —— diosmetin 7-O-glucoside 20126-59-4 C22H22O11
    diosmetin 7-O-glucoside
    —— 20-Glucoginsenoside RF 68406-27-9 C48H82O19
    20-Glucoginsenoside RF
    —— (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-Dihydroxy-2-[(4S,5'R,7S,8R,9S,13S)-16-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-14-yl]-6-methyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 41753-55-3 C44H70O16
    (2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-Dihydroxy-2-[(4S,5'R,7S,8R,9S,13S)-16-hydroxy-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-oxane]-14-yl]-6-methyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5R)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— beta-D-Glucopyranoside, (3alpha,12beta)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-12-hydroxydammar-24-en-20-yl 6-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl- 80321-63-7 C47H80O17
    beta-D-Glucopyranoside, (3alpha,12beta)-3-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-12-hydroxydammar-24-en-20-yl 6-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-
    —— (1R,7S,10S,12R,13S,14R,16S,19S,20S)-19-(furan-3-yl)-12-hydroxy-9,9,13,20-tetramethyl-4,8,15,18-tetraoxahexacyclo[11.9.0.02,7.02,10.014,16.014,20]docosane-5,11,17-trione 33237-37-5 C26H30O9
    (1R,7S,10S,12R,13S,14R,16S,19S,20S)-19-(furan-3-yl)-12-hydroxy-9,9,13,20-tetramethyl-4,8,15,18-tetraoxahexacyclo[11.9.0.02,7.02,10.014,16.014,20]docosane-5,11,17-trione
    —— (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,4R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8S,8aS,14bS)-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,14a-dodecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol 58558-08-0 C42H68O13
    (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(3S,4R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8S,8aS,14bS)-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,14a-dodecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol
    —— Sodium usnate 34769-44-3 C18H15NaO7
    Sodium usnate
    —— (8S,9S,10S,11S,14R)-17-[(2R)-4-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)-4-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-1,2,5,6,7,9,11,12,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one 18649-93-9 C30H48O4
    (8S,9S,10S,11S,14R)-17-[(2R)-4-(3,3-dimethyloxiran-2-yl)-4-hydroxybutan-2-yl]-11-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-1,2,5,6,7,9,11,12,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one
    —— cucurbitacin C 5988-76-1 C32H48O8
    cucurbitacin C
    —— Rutin sulfate 12768-44-4 C27H32O20S
    Rutin sulfate
    —— methyl tanshinonate 18887-19-9 C20H18O5
    methyl tanshinonate
    —— Violanin 28463-30-1 C42H47ClO23
    Violanin
    —— Furanodienone 24268-41-5 C15H18O2
    Furanodienone
    —— [6-[6-[6-[[(3S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14S,16R,17R)-14,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl] acetate 17575-21-2 C49H76O20
    [6-[6-[6-[[(3S,5R,8R,10S,13R,14S,16R,17R)-14,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl] acetate
    —— [6-[[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,4aS,6aS,6bR,9R,10S,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 16830-15-2 C48H78O19
    [6-[[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,4aS,6aS,6bR,9R,10S,11R,12aR,14bS)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate
    —— voacamine 3371-85-5 C43H52N4O5
    voacamine
    —— (2Z)-2-[4-hydroxy-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene]acetonitrile 67765-58-6 C14H19NO7
    (2Z)-2-[4-hydroxy-6-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohex-2-en-1-ylidene]acetonitrile