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    首页 分子通 按物质功能分类 生物化工 提取物 植物提取物

    植物提取物

    植物提取物 定义与来源

    植物提取物是指从天然植物中经过物理、化学或生物技术方法提取出的有效成分或活性物质的统称。这些植物主要来源于陆地和海洋中的各种植物，包括草本植物、灌木、树木以及藻类等。

    提取方法
    1. 溶剂萃取：使用乙醇、水或其他有机溶剂对植物原料进行浸泡提取。
    2. 超临界流体萃取：利用二氧化碳作为溶剂，在特定条件下从植物中萃取出目标成分。
    3. 膜分离技术：通过物理或化学方法，将植物液中的有用成分分离出来。
    4. 酶解法：利用酶的作用来分解植物细胞壁或其他结构，释放出内部的有效物质。
    应用领域
    • 医药行业：用于开发新药、保健品和中药提取物等。
    • 化妆品与个人护理品：提供天然保湿剂、抗氧化成分及美容养颜的功效。
    • 食品工业：作为天然色素、香精、调味料或营养补充剂的来源。
    • 环保领域：用作生物降解材料、吸附剂或其他功能性添加剂。
    研究进展

    随着科学技术的进步，植物提取物的研究与应用日益广泛。研究人员不仅致力于提高提取效率和纯度，还积极探索新的分离技术及组分鉴定方法，以更好地揭示其化学成分及其生物学效应。

    挑战与前景

    尽管植物提取物具有巨大的市场潜力和发展空间，但在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战，如有效成分的稳定性和安全性问题、标准体系不完善等。未来的研究需要更加注重综合评价和合理利用天然资源，以促进该领域的可持续发展。

    相关化合物

    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 结构式图片
    (-)-白屈菜碱 (-)-11-hydroxy-5-methyl-2,3:7,8-bis(methylenedioxy)-4b,5,6,10b,11,12-hexahydrobenzo[c]phenanthridine 88200-01-5 C20H19NO5
    (-)-白屈菜碱
    (-)-假马齿苋皂苷C Bascopasaponin C 178064-13-6 C46H74O17
    (-)-假马齿苋皂苷C
    (+)-异常山碱 (+)-isofebrifugine 32434-44-9 C16H19N3O3
    (+)-异常山碱
    (+)-δ-生育酚 delta tocopherol 119-13-1 C27H46O2
    (+)-δ-生育酚
    —— (3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-methyl-6-[(9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenan 75801-95-5 C42H72O15
    (3R,4R,5S,6S)-2-methyl-6-[(9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-4,4,9,13,14-pentamethyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxy-2,3,7,8,10,11,12,15,16,17-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenan
    —— Polygalasaponin XXXI 79103-90-5 C75H112O36
    Polygalasaponin XXXI
    —— Delphinidin-3-glucoside-chloride 6906-38-3 C21H21O12*Cl
    Delphinidin-3-glucoside-chloride
    —— [(1S,3R,18S,19R,20R,21R,22S,23R,24S,25R,26S)-19,22,23-triacetyloxy-21-(acetyloxymethyl)-25,26-dihydroxy-3,15,26-trimethyl-6,16-dioxo-2,5,17-trioxa-11-azapentacyclo[16.7.1.01,21.03,24.07,12]hexacosa-7(12),8,10-trien-20-yl] benzoate 128397-42-2 C41H47NO17
    [(1S,3R,18S,19R,20R,21R,22S,23R,24S,25R,26S)-19,22,23-triacetyloxy-21-(acetyloxymethyl)-25,26-dihydroxy-3,15,26-trimethyl-6,16-dioxo-2,5,17-trioxa-11-azapentacyclo[16.7.1.01,21.03,24.07,12]hexacosa-7(12),8,10-trien-20-yl] benzoate
    —— N-Aminomethyldopa 28860-95-9 C10H13N2O4-
    N-Aminomethyldopa
    —— CID 154831908 74170-32-4 C27H43NO3
    CID 154831908
    —— saikosaponin-e 64340-44-9 C42H68O12
    saikosaponin-e
    —— vexibidin 52483-02-0 C26H30O6
    vexibidin
    —— Gynuramide II 295803-03-1 C42H83NO5
    Gynuramide II
    —— N,N'-4,10-dioxa-3,11-dioxotridecylene-1,13-diyl-bis-(S)-(+)-tetrahydropapaverine dioxalate 64228-78-0 2C2H2O4*C51H66N2O12
    N,N'-4,10-dioxa-3,11-dioxotridecylene-1,13-diyl-bis-(S)-(+)-tetrahydropapaverine dioxalate
    —— (RS)/meso-N,N'-4,10-dioxa-3,11-dioxotridecylene-1,13-diyl-bis-tetrahydropapaverine dioxalate 64228-78-0 2C2H2O4*C51H66N2O12
    (RS)/meso-N,N'-4,10-dioxa-3,11-dioxotridecylene-1,13-diyl-bis-tetrahydropapaverine dioxalate
    —— [2-hydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate 117591-85-2 C18H24O11
    [2-hydroxy-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxypropyl] (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate
    —— (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid 34096-83-8 C36H54O10
    (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-carboxy-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-heptamethyl-14-oxo-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid
    —— oleanolic acid 3-O-[β-deglucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside 103956-33-8 C47H76O16
    oleanolic acid 3-O-[β-deglucopyranosyl-(1→3)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside
    —— trans-(3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralone 1220891-22-4 C10H10O3
    trans-(3S,4S)-3,4-dihydroxy-1-tetralone
    —— leontoside B 17233-22-6 C41H66O13
    leontoside B
    —— (25S)-spirost-5-ene-1β,3β-diol 1-O-<O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 <*> 2)-β-D-fucopyranoside> 38971-41-4 C39H62O12
    (25S)-spirost-5-ene-1β,3β-diol 1-O-<O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 <*> 2)-β-D-fucopyranoside>
    —— b-D-Glucopyranoside, (3b,6a,12b,24S)-20,24-epoxy-3,12,25-trihydroxydammaran-6-yl 98474-77-2 C36H62O10
    b-D-Glucopyranoside, (3b,6a,12b,24S)-20,24-epoxy-3,12,25-trihydroxydammaran-6-yl
    —— Norepinephrine d-bitartrate 69815-49-2 C12H19NO10
    Norepinephrine d-bitartrate
    —— Alisol A 19865-73-7 C30H50O5
    Alisol A
    —— incensole acetate 34701-53-6 C22H36O3
    incensole acetate
    —— aescigenin 426-95-9 C30H48O5
    aescigenin
    —— 12-Hydroxy-3,7,11,15,23-pentaoxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid 100665-44-9 C30H40O8
    12-Hydroxy-3,7,11,15,23-pentaoxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid
    —— (3β,24R)-3-(acetyloxy)eupha-7,25-dien-24-ol 1352001-09-2 C32H52O3
    (3β,24R)-3-(acetyloxy)eupha-7,25-dien-24-ol
    —— (2S)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2R)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one 34981-24-3 C25H28O6
    (2S)-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-[(2R)-5-methyl-2-prop-1-en-2-ylhex-4-enyl]-2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one
    —— Sale sodico del acido yodesossicolico [Italian] 10421-49-5 C24H39NaO4
    Sale sodico del acido yodesossicolico [Italian]
    —— senkyunolide H 94596-27-7 C12H16O4
    senkyunolide H
    —— ilexsaponin B2 108906-69-0 C47H76O17
    ilexsaponin B2
    —— onjisaponin A 82410-33-1 C80H120O39
    onjisaponin A
    —— Aconitane-3,13,14,15-tetrol, 8-ethoxy-20-ethyl-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-, 3-acetate 14-benzoate, (1alpha,3alpha,6alpha,14alpha,15alpha,16beta)- 96562-88-8 C36H51NO11
    Aconitane-3,13,14,15-tetrol, 8-ethoxy-20-ethyl-1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-, 3-acetate 14-benzoate, (1alpha,3alpha,6alpha,14alpha,15alpha,16beta)-
    —— Mesatlantin C 84692-91-1 C15H18O3
    Mesatlantin C
    —— androstenone hydrazone 63015-10-1 C19H30N2O
    androstenone hydrazone
    —— ATRACTYLOSIDE POTASSIUM SALT 17754-44-8 C30H44O16S2*2K
    ATRACTYLOSIDE POTASSIUM SALT
    —— dehydroepiandrosterone-17-hydrazone 63015-10-1 C19H30N2O
    dehydroepiandrosterone-17-hydrazone
    —— (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 67400-17-3 C36H62O8
    (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2
    —— berberine hemisulfate 633-66-9 C22H22NO4*0O4S
    berberine hemisulfate
    —— 2,3,5,4'‐tetrahydroxystilbene‐2‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside 55327-45-2 C20H22O9
    2,3,5,4'‐tetrahydroxystilbene‐2‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside
    —— gomisin H 66056-20-0 C23H30O7
    gomisin H
    —— [(2R,3R,4S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6R)-6-[[(8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,16S,17R)-14,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl] acetate 17575-21-2 C49H76O20
    [(2R,3R,4S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6R)-6-[[(8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,16S,17R)-14,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl] acetate
    —— [(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S,8S,13S,16S,17S)-11-ethyl-3,8,9-trihydroxy-4,6,16-trimethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-13-yl] 2-acetamidobenzoate 1360-76-5 C32H44N2O9
    [(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S,8S,13S,16S,17S)-11-ethyl-3,8,9-trihydroxy-4,6,16-trimethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-13-yl] 2-acetamidobenzoate
    —— 20-O-Glucoginsenoside Rf 68406-27-9 C48H82O19
    20-O-Glucoginsenoside Rf
    —— [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bR)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate 16830-15-2 C48H78O19
    [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bR)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate
    —— cleroindicin D 189264-45-7 C8H12O4
    cleroindicin D
    —— (+)-magnoflorine chloride 6681-18-1 C20H24NO4*Cl
    (+)-magnoflorine chloride
    —— (3S)-N-benzoyl-3-phenylisoserine methyl ester 32981-85-4 C17H17NO4
    (3S)-N-benzoyl-3-phenylisoserine methyl ester
    —— Delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside 53158-73-9 C26H29O16+
    Delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside