植物提取物是指从天然植物中经过物理、化学或生物技术方法提取出的有效成分或活性物质的统称。这些植物主要来源于陆地和海洋中的各种植物,包括草本植物、灌木、树木以及藻类等。
提取方法随着科学技术的进步,植物提取物的研究与应用日益广泛。研究人员不仅致力于提高提取效率和纯度,还积极探索新的分离技术及组分鉴定方法,以更好地揭示其化学成分及其生物学效应。
挑战与前景尽管植物提取物具有巨大的市场潜力和发展空间,但在实际应用中仍面临诸多挑战,如有效成分的稳定性和安全性问题、标准体系不完善等。未来的研究需要更加注重综合评价和合理利用天然资源,以促进该领域的可持续发展。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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1,5-脱水甘露醇 | 1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol | 492-93-3 | C6H12O5 |
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1,3-双[2-(4-氨基苯基)-2-丙基]苯 | 4,4-(1,3-phenylenediisopropylidene)bisaniline | 2687-27-6 | C24H28N2 |
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1,2-双(4'-甲基-2,2'-联吡啶-4-基)乙烷 | 1,2-bis(4′-methyl-[2,2′-bipyridin]-4-yl)ethane | 96897-04-0 | C24H22N4 |
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1,2,5,6-四氫-1-甲菸鹼酸 | 1-methyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid | 499-04-7 | C7H11NO2 |
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1,2,5,6-四氢吡啶-3-羧酸盐酸盐 | guvacine | 498-96-4 | C6H9NO2 |
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(S)-2-(1-(beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖基氧基)-1-甲基乙基)-2,3-二氢-7H-呋喃并(3,2-g)(1)苯并吡喃-7-酮 | marmesinin | 495-30-7 | C20H24O9 |
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(S)-(-)-2-氨基-3-甲基-1,1-二苯基-1-丁醇 | 1,1-diphenyl-L-valinol | 78603-95-9 | C17H21NO |
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(E)-松柏苷 | coniferin | 124151-33-3 | C16H22O8 |
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(E)-3-[2-环丙基-4-(4-氟苯基)-3-喹啉-2-丙烯醛 | (E)-3-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-quinolinyl]-2-propenal | 148901-68-2 | C21H16FNO |
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(E)-3,5-二甲氧基-3’,4’-二羟基苯乙烯 | 3'-hydroxypterostilbene | 475231-21-1 | C16H16O4 |
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(E)-1-(2-羟基-4,6-二甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基丙酮 | flavokawain B | 1775-97-9 | C17H16O4 |
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(9Z,12Z)-N-[(3-甲氧基苯基)甲基]-9,12-十八碳二烯酰胺 | N-(3-methoxybenzyl)-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienamide | 883715-22-8 | C26H41NO2 |
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(4bS)-反式-8,8-三甲基-4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10-八氢-1-异丙基菲-2-醇 | trans-totarol | 511-15-9 | C20H30O |
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(4S,5R)-2,2-二甲基-4-苯基-3-叔丁氧基羰基-3,5-氧氮杂环戊烷甲酸 | (4S,5R)-3-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4-phenyloxazolidine-5-carboxylic acid | 143615-03-6 | C17H23NO5 |
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(4AS,8AS)-2-苯甲酰-1,3,4,4A,5,8A-六氢-6(2H)-异喹啉 | 4a(S),8a(R)-2-benzoyl-1,3,4,4a,5,8a-hexahydro-6(2H)-isoquinolinone | 52346-14-2 | C16H17NO2 |
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(3β, 4α)-3-羟基-23-氧代齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸 | gypsogenin | 639-14-5 | C30H46O4 |
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(3beta,16alpha,21alpha,22alpha)-16,21-环氧齐墩果-12-烯-3,22,24,28-四醇 | aescigenin | 17806-68-7 | C30H48O5 |
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(3R,4R)-二氢-3,4-二羟基-3-甲基-2(3H)-呋喃酮 | (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl-4,5-dihydro-2(3H)-furanone | 18465-71-9 | C5H8O4 |
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(3R)-叔丁基二甲硅氧基-5-氧代-6-三苯基膦烯己酸甲酯 | methyl (3R)-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-5-oxo-6-triphenylphosphoranylidenehexanoate | 147118-35-2 | C31H39O4PSi |
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(3AR,7AR)-3,3A,7,7A-四氢-3A-羟基-6(2H)-苯并呋喃酮 | (-)-rengyolone | 189264-47-9 | C8H10O3 |
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(3'Z)-(3S,8R,3a'S,6'R)-3,3a':8,6'-双藁本内酯 | tokinolide B | 112966-16-2 | C24H28O4 |
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(2S,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-乙氧基-6-羟基甲基四氢吡喃-3,4,5-三醇 | ethyl α-D-glucopyranoside | 19467-01-7 | C8H16O6 |
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(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11S,12aR,14aR,14bS)-11-羧基-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,14b-七甲基-14-氧代-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14a-十二氢-1H-苉-3-基]氧基]-3,4,5-三羟基四氢吡喃-2-羧酸 | glycyrrhetic acid mono-glucuronide | 34096-83-8 | C36H54O10 |
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(2R,3S)-3-叔丁氧甲酰胺基-2-羟基-3-苯基-丙胺酸 | RPR 130523 | 145514-62-1 | C14H19NO5 |
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(2R,3S)-3-(苯甲酰基氨基)-2-羟基苯丙酸乙酯 | ethyl (2R,3S)-3-benzamido-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate | 153433-80-8 | C18H19NO4 |
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(2E,4S)-4-羟基-3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯-1-基 beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | (-)-rosiridol 1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 100462-37-1 | C16H28O7 |
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(2E)-3-(1-羟基-3,7-二甲基-2,4,5,6,7,7a-六氢-1H-茚-4-基)-2-甲基丙-2-烯酸 | Valerenolic acid | 81397-68-4 | C15H22O3 |
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(2'R,3a'R,4'S,7a'R)-4'-羟基-2',4',6'-三甲基-3'-氧代-2',3',3a',4'-四氢螺[环丙烷-1,5'-茚]-7a'(1'H)-基beta-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷 | ptaquiloside | 87625-62-5 | C20H30O8 |
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(1S,8aR)-1-异丙基-4,7-二甲基-1,2,3,5,6,8a-六氢萘 | delta-cadinene | 483-76-1 | C15H24 |
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(1S)-4,5-二甲氧基-1-[(甲基氨基)甲基]苯并环丁烷盐酸盐 | (1S)-4,5-dimethoxy-1-[(methylamino)methyl]benzocyclobutane hydrochloride | 866783-13-3 | C12H17NO2*ClH |
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(1R,3E,5S,9R,12E)-3,12-二甲基-8-亚甲基-6,18-二氧杂三环[14.2.1.05,9]十九-3,12,16(19)-三烯-7,17-二酮 | ovatodiolide | 3484-37-5 | C20H24O4 |
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(1ALPHA,3BETA,22R)-3-[(6-O-BETA-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-BETA-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)氧基]-1,22-二羟基麦角甾-5,24-二烯-26-酸DELTA-内酯 | Withanoside V | 256520-90-8 | C40H62O14 |
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(10alpha)-25-(乙酰氧基)-2beta,16alpha,20-三羟基-9beta-甲基-19-去甲羊毛甾-5-烯-3,11,22-三酮 | 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin B | 13201-14-4 | C32H48O8 |
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(-)-白屈菜碱 | (-)-11-hydroxy-5-methyl-2,3:7,8-bis(methylenedioxy)-4b,5,6,10b,11,12-hexahydrobenzo[c]phenanthridine | 88200-01-5 | C20H19NO5 |
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(-)-假马齿苋皂苷C | Bascopasaponin C | 178064-13-6 | C46H74O17 |
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(+)-异常山碱 | (+)-isofebrifugine | 32434-44-9 | C16H19N3O3 |
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(+)-δ-生育酚 | delta tocopherol | 119-13-1 | C27H46O2 |
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—— | 2,3,5,4'‐tetrahydroxystilbene‐2‐O‐β‐D‐glucoside | 55327-45-2 | C20H22O9 |
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—— | gomisin H | 66056-20-0 | C23H30O7 |
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—— | [(2R,3R,4S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6R)-6-[[(8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,16S,17R)-14,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2H-furan-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyl-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-4-yl] acetate | 17575-21-2 | C49H76O20 |
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—— | [(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S,8S,13S,16S,17S)-11-ethyl-3,8,9-trihydroxy-4,6,16-trimethoxy-11-azahexacyclo[7.7.2.12,5.01,10.03,8.013,17]nonadecan-13-yl] 2-acetamidobenzoate | 1360-76-5 | C32H44N2O9 |
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—— | [(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11R,12aR,14bR)-10,11-dihydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-1,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-2,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydro-1H-picene-4a-carboxylate | 16830-15-2 | C48H78O19 |
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—— | cleroindicin D | 189264-45-7 | C8H12O4 |
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—— | (+)-magnoflorine chloride | 6681-18-1 | C20H24NO4*Cl |
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—— | (3S)-N-benzoyl-3-phenylisoserine methyl ester | 32981-85-4 | C17H17NO4 |
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—— | Delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside | 53158-73-9 | C26H29O16+ |
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—— | (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(6aR,6bS,8aR,9S,12aR,14bR)-9-hydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid | 55304-02-4 | C42H68O14 |
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—— | Protopseudohypericin | 54328-09-5 | C30H18O9 |
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—— | 1,10-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methylbenzo[g]isochromen-9-one | 41743-74-2 | C15H12O5 |
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—— | 9-Hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione | 560-62-3 | C19H26O3 |
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