Phenanthridin-6-one derivatives as the first class of non-steroidal pharmacological chaperones for Niemann-Pick disease type C1 protein
摘要:
Niemann-Pick disease type C is a fatal, progressive neurodegenerative disease mostly caused by mutations in Nieamnn-Pick type C1 (NPC1), a late endosomal membrane protein that is essential for intracellular cholesterol transport. The most prevalent mutation, I1061T (Ile to Thr), interferes with the protein folding process. Consequently, mutated but intrinsically functional NPC1 proteins are prematurely degraded via proteasome, leading to loss of NPC1 function. Previously, we reported sterol derivatives as pharmacological chaperones for NPC1, and showed that these derivatives can normalize folding-defective phenotypes of I1061T NPC1 mutant by directly binding to, and stabilizing, the protein. Here, we report a series of compounds containing a phenanthridin-6-one scaffold as the first class of non-steroidal pharmacological chaperones for NPC1. We also examined their structure-activity relationships. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
nitrenium (NHN) salts, the analogues of N-heterocyclic carbenes, have attracted considerable interest. However, relatively little is known about their catalytic ability beyond their Lewis acid catalysis. Herein, we describe that NHNs can serve as catalytic electron acceptors for charge transfer complex photoactivations. We showcase that, under blue light irradiation, the NHN salts could catalyze the
A series of phenanthridin-6-(5H)-ones were synthesized through a palladium-catalyzed C-H activation/cyclization strategy using diazonium salts in good yields. The best conditions included Pd(OAc)(2) as the catalyst, PPh3 as the ligand, toluene as the solvent, K2CO3 as the base and 60 degrees C as the optimal temperature.