Diethylene glycol appears as a colorless liquid. Denser than water. Contact may slightly irritate skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be slightly toxic by ingestion. Used to make other chemicals.
颜色/状态:
Colorless syrupy liquid
气味:
Practically odorless
味道:
Sharply sweetish taste
蒸汽密度:
3.66 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air)
蒸汽压力:
5.7X10-3 mm Hg at 25 °C
亨利常数:
Henry's Law constant = 2.0X10-9 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)
Diethylene glycol is metabolized in the liver by two consecutive oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent reactions. First, diethylene glycol is metabolized by ADH to (2-hydroxyethoxy)acetaldehyde, which is then rapidly metabolized by aldehyde dehydrogenase to (2-hydroxyethoxy)acetate.
... /Diethylene glycol (DEG) is/ initially metabolized by /alcohol dehydrogenase/ and subsequently by /aldehyde dehydrogenase/. The ether linkage of DEG is not cleaved and no appreciable amounts of EG or EG metabolites are formed from DEG, although small amounts of /oxalic acid/ have occasionally been reported ...
... Based on studies in rats and dogs, unchanged diethylene glycol recovered in urine constitutes the majority of oral doses, with a single urinary metabolite, (2-hydroxyethoxy) acetic acid, accounting for most of the remainder .
Although the metabolism of diethylene glycol is not known, the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in the kidneys and urine of treated rats suggests that the metabolic pathway follows that of monoethylene glycerol, ie, to glycoaldehyde, which is further metabolized glycolate and then to oxalate, carbon dioxide, glycerine and serine.
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:No published experience exists with polyethylene glycol during breastfeeding. However, the drug is very poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, so it cannot enter the breastmilk in important amounts. No special precautions are required.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过摄入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by ingestion.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.
Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
毒性数据
大鼠LC50 > 4,600毫克/立方米/4小时
LC50 (rat) > 4,600 mg/m3/4h
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
Half-logarithmic plots of urinary 14C excretion rates versus time indicated zero-order elimination for the first 9 and 18 hr after oral doses of 5 and 10 mL of 14C-DEG/kg, respectively. 14C-DEG urinary elimination kinetics changed into first-order 6, 9, and 18 hr after oral doses of 1, 5, and 10 mL/kg, with a half-life of 3 hr. 2. ... The urinary concentrations of non-metabolized DEG and its metabolite, 2-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid (2-HEAA), determined by high-resolution nmr spectroscopy in the urine of rats doses with DEG were 61-68% and 16-31% dose, respectively. ... Oxidation of DEG ... in rats was accompanied by a change of urinary pH, reflecting metabolic acidosis.
Oral doses of 1 and 5 mL/kg (14)C-diethylene glycol (DEG) given to rats were rapidly and almost completely absorbed, the invasion constants being 2.95/ hr and 4.24/ hr ... (14)C-DEG was rapidly distributed from the blood into the organs and tissues in the order kidneys > brain > spleen > liver > muscle > fat, i.e. the same order as the blood flow. The relative volume of distribution, app. VD, was determined at 298 mL, indicating distribution over the whole body. After oral doses of 1, 5, and 10 mL (14)C-DEG/kg 64, 87, and 91% of (14)C activity in rat blood disappeared in 12-16 hr with a half-life of 3.4 hr and the remaining 9, 5, and 4% with half-lives of 39 hr, 45 hr, and 49 hr. A total of 73-96% of (14)C activity in blood was excreted with the urine and 0.7-2.2% with the feces. From the cumulative urinary excretion kinetics half-lives of 6 hr were determined for doses of 1 and 5 mL/kg and 10 hr for the dose of 10 mL/kg. After doses of 5 mL/kg and 10 mL/kg (14)C-DEG semi-logarithmic plots of elimination rate versus time were constant for 5 and 9 hr, respectively, indicating that DEG accelerated its renal elimination by inducing osmotic diuresis. Thereafter urinary excretion followed first order kinetics with elimination half-lives of 3.6 hr. After oral doses of 5 ml/kg (14)C-DEG given to rats of 336 g body weight with an app. VD of 297 mL, the total clearance of (14)C activity was determined at 63 mL/hr, and the renal clearance of unmetabolized DEG was 66 mL/hr. The ratio of ClDEG to Cl (inulin) = 0.64 indicated that DEG and its metabolite 2-hydroxyethoxyacetate (2-HEAA) were reabsorbed from the tubuli into the blood capillaries.
Like /ethylene glycol/, diethylene glycol is well absorbed in the GI tract, distributed throughout total body water and organs on the basis of blood flow ...
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989