Structure–activity relationship-guided development of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ)-selective inverse agonists with a phenanthridin-6(5H)-one skeleton from a liver X receptor ligand
摘要:
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs), which belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily, regulate many physiological processes, including hepatic gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, immune function and circadian rhythm. Since RORs resemble liver X receptors (LXRs) in the fold structure of their ligand-binding domains, we speculated that ROR-mediated transcription might be modulated by LXR ligands, in line with the multi-template hypothesis. Therefore, we screened our LXR ligand library for compounds with ROR ligand activity and identified a novel ROR ligand with a phenanthridin-6(5H)-one skeleton. Structure-activity relationship studies aimed at separating ROR inverse agonistic activity from LXR-agonistic activity enabled us to develop a series of ROR inverse agonists based on the phenanthridin-6(5H)-one skeleton, including a ROR gamma-selective inverse agonist. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Structure–activity relationship-guided development of retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ)-selective inverse agonists with a phenanthridin-6(5H)-one skeleton from a liver X receptor ligand
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs), which belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily, regulate many physiological processes, including hepatic gluconeogenesis, lipid metabolism, immune function and circadian rhythm. Since RORs resemble liver X receptors (LXRs) in the fold structure of their ligand-binding domains, we speculated that ROR-mediated transcription might be modulated by LXR ligands, in line with the multi-template hypothesis. Therefore, we screened our LXR ligand library for compounds with ROR ligand activity and identified a novel ROR ligand with a phenanthridin-6(5H)-one skeleton. Structure-activity relationship studies aimed at separating ROR inverse agonistic activity from LXR-agonistic activity enabled us to develop a series of ROR inverse agonists based on the phenanthridin-6(5H)-one skeleton, including a ROR gamma-selective inverse agonist. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reductive Hydrodehalogenation of Halogenated Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Using a DMSO/HCOONa·2H<sub>2</sub>O System
A practical and operationally simple hydrodehalogenation of halogenated carboxylic acid derivatives using a DMSO/HCOONa·2H2O system is developed. This protocol avoids the involvement of light irradiation, electrochemical apparatus, transition metals, radical initiators, strong bases, and other additional additives. Control experiments suggest that HCOONa might function as a hydride donor in the reduction
开发了使用 DMSO/HCOONa·2H 2 O 系统对卤代羧酸衍生物进行实用且操作简单的加氢脱卤。该协议避免了光照射、电化学装置、过渡金属、自由基引发剂、强碱和其他附加添加剂的参与。对照实验表明,HCOONa 可能在通过亲核取代或加成实现加氢脱卤的还原过程中充当氢化物供体。