In Vitro Studies of the Activity of Dithiocarbamate Organoruthenium Complexes against Clinically Relevant Fungal Pathogens
作者:Claudio Donnici、Luciano Nogueira、Maria Araujo、Sheila Oliveira、Thais Magalhães、Miriam Lopes、Ana Silva、Ana Ferreira、Cleide Martins、Maria de Resende Stoianoff
DOI:10.3390/molecules19045402
日期:——
The in vitro antifungal activity of nine dirutheniumpentadithiocarbamate complexes C1–C9 was investigated and assessed for its activity against four different fungal species with clinical interest and related to invasive fungal infections (IFIs), such as Candida spp. [C. albicans (two clinical isolates), C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. parapsolisis, C. tropicalis, C.dubliniensis (six clinical isolates)], Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (seven clinical isolates), Cryptococcus neoformans and Sporothrix schenckii. All synthesized complexes C1–C9 and also the free ligands L1–L9 were submitted to in vitro tests against those fungi and the results are very promising, since some of the obtained MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values were very low (from 10−6 mol mL−1 to 10−8 mol mL−1) against all investigated clinically relevant fungal pathogens, except for C. glabrata, that the MIC values are close to the ones obtained for fluconazole, the standard antifungal agent tested. Preliminary structure-activity relations (SAR) might be suggested and a strong influence from steric and lipophilic parameters in the antifungal activity can be noticed. Cytotoxicity assays (IC50) showed that the complexes are not as toxic (IC50 values are much higher—30 to 200 fold—than MIC values). These ruthenium complexes are very promising lead compounds for novel antifungal drug development, especially in IFIs, one of most harmful emerging infection diseases (EIDs).
研究并评估了 C1-C9 这九种二钌五二硫代氨基甲酸复合物的体外抗真菌活性,这些复合物对四种具有临床意义并与侵袭性真菌感染(IFIs)有关的真菌,如白色念珠菌属(Candida spp.[白念珠菌属(2 个临床分离株)、光滑念珠菌属、克鲁塞念珠菌属、副伞形念珠菌属、热带念珠菌属、杜布林念珠菌属(6 个临床分离株)]、巴西副球孢子菌属(7 个临床分离株)、新型隐球菌属和申克孢子菌属。所有合成的复合物 C1-C9 以及游离配体 L1-L9 都接受了针对这些真菌的体外测试,结果非常乐观,因为所获得的一些 MIC(最小抑菌浓度)值非常低(从 10-6 摩尔毫升-1 到 10-8 摩尔毫升-1),对所有被研究的临床相关真菌病原体都有效,但对 C. glabrata 除外,其 MIC 值接近氟康唑(测试的标准抗真菌剂)的 MIC 值。这可能是初步的结构-活性关系(SAR),而且可以注意到立体和亲油参数对抗真菌活性有很大的影响。细胞毒性测定(IC50)表明,这些复合物的毒性并不强(IC50 值比 MIC 值高 30 到 200 倍)。这些钌复合物是很有希望用于新型抗真菌药物开发的先导化合物,特别是在最有害的新发感染性疾病(EIDs)之一的 IFIs 中。